PYB304 2024_W13Lec_Review.pptx

PYB304 Behavioural Neuroscience Week 13 – Review and Exam Prep Assoc Prof Melanie White  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF TRADITIONAL OWNERS QUT acknowledges the Turrbal and Yugar...

PYB304 Behavioural Neuroscience Week 13 – Review and Exam Prep Assoc Prof Melanie White  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF TRADITIONAL OWNERS QUT acknowledges the Turrbal and Yugara, as the First Nations owners of the lands where QUT now stands. We pay respect to their Elders, lores, customs and creation spirits. We recognise that these lands have always been places of teaching, research and learning. ​ QUT acknowledges the important role Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people play within the QUT community.​ CRICOS No.00213J  Lecture Outline Assignment feedback Final Exam preparation Exam structure, topics etc. Tips for preparing for your exam CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  First things first… CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health 4  Assignments: Research Papers If you haven’t already, open your marked assignment via the Canvas submission link. Then: Read the comments & refer to the CRA sheet when interpreting these & your individual criterion marks Also refer to the general feedback on assignments provided in this lecture Check the resources on Canvas for things you missed/ were unclear about What were the strengths of your assignment? What could you improve on next time? CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Reminder regarding calculation of assignment marks (weighted criterion scores) Each criterion contributes a different % of the assignment mark per the CRA marking sheet (e.g., Research Evidence is marked out of 20, whereas APA is marked out of 5 marks, out of 100 marks) Your assignment contributes 40% towards your final grade i.e., your assignment mark out of 100 will be converted to a score out of 40, when computing your final grade e.g., you received a mark of 55/100 → this gets converted to 55/100x40 = 22 out of a total possible 40% for your lab report towards your final grade Online Quiz contributes 10% towards your final grade Final exam mark contributes the other 50% of your final grade 80 questions, worth 1 point each. Therefore, your “raw score” for this assessment is out of 80, and will also be converted to a weighted score (raw score/80x50) in computing final grades. CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  PYB304 Assignment Feedback Individual feedback has been provided by criterion-referenced marks (CRA Marking Sheet) and comments by markers on your Canvas submission Group feedback: CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Assignment Feedback – Strengths & Areas of Development: Strengths: Detail included in literature synthesis tables. Relevant selection of some key studies that supported the topic of the paper. Acknowledging strengths and limitations of key research papers. Identification of relevant research gaps that were informed by the body of research. Synthesising literature to compare and contrast. Areas of Development: Ensuring specific themes are identified in the synthesis table, by labelling the columns. Including an interpretation for neurobiological findings to outline the ADHD/IGD symptoms they align with. Reporting clearer neurobiological findings by including clearer descriptors (e.g., rather than “issues” with functional connectivity, note whether it is has “reduced"). Synthesising literature in a way that meaningfully contributed to the narrative of the paper (and remaining aligned with the topic of the paper while doing this). Detail in recommendations for future research directions. CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Assignment Feedback – Areas to Improve  Description of research findings was often too vague and non-specific.  Similarly, it was often not clear what the study involved (method details). Common missing details included the sample and what participants were required to do.  The abstract, introduction, and conclusion were often too vague regarding the themes/findings of the review.  Limitations and future directions were often limited to generic or superficial statements about causality/design or sample; and/or lacked evidence base (citations).  Inappropriate evidence/not aligning with the task requirements:  Insufficient or absence of neurobiological findings (e.g., over-reliance on purely behavioural findings, and little/no explanation of how these findings allow us to infer neurobiological changes).  Reliance on meta-analysis or review rather than student’s understanding and own synthesis of individual empirical studies  Rarely a focus on adolescents or on evaluating the extent to which the research applied to them. CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  PYB304 Exam details On-campus invigilated exam – worth 50% of final grades Scheduled in the centrally timetabled final exam period Check your own personal timetable & room allocation and plan to arrive early and prepared 2 hours working time plus 10 minutes perusal 80 Multiple Choice questions of equal value Covers lecture topic weeks 4 – 12 = 11-12 Qs/topic (first 3 weeks of semester that was tested in the Online Quiz is assumed knowledge) 4 response options (a to d) Factual, conceptual, & application questions CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Exam topics 7 topics, 11-12 questions on each (= 80 Qs) Wk 4: Behavioural Genetics (Ch 2) Wk 6: Memory and Learning (Ch 11) Wk 7: Emotion and Stress (Ch 17) Wk 9: Language (Ch 9) Wk 10: Hunger and Eating Behaviour (Ch 12) Wk 11: Drug Use and Addiction (Ch 15) Wk 12: Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity (Ch 10) CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Week 4 – Behavioural Genetics Genetics Basics How did we get to the current research? Key terminology DNA and chromosomes The Central Dogma Gene expression Transcription and translation Environmental Effects Animal studies Twin studies Epigenetics CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Week 6 – Memory and Learning Overview of (human) memory systems – Short-term vs. long-term memories – Declarative vs. non-declarative memories – Relevant brain anatomy Amnesia – MTL amnesia – Memory consolidation Roles of non-MTL structures in learning and memory – Non-MTL amnesia – Striatum Cellular bases of learning and memory – Long-term potentiation (LTP) CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Week 7 – Emotion and Stress What is an Emotion Approaches to emotion Discrete (basic) emotions; emotional expressions Emotions as emerging constructs Research on emotion – fear & anxiety Fear and neurobiology Aggression and biology Brain structures (emotion and stress) Stress and immunology CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Week 9 - Language Language disorders Classic Views of Aphasia Psycholinguistics and Aphasia Dysarthria and Apraxia of Speech Alexia Agraphia Language and attention How does the brain represent word meaning? *There is important information covered in this lecture that might not be captured in the textbook reading CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Week 10 – Hunger and Eating Behaviour Eating and digestion Storage and release of energy (3 phases of energy metabolism) Theories of eating and hunger Factors that influence how and when we eat Neurobiological findings re feeding and satiety Problems with eating and eating disorders CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Week 11 – Drug Use & Addiction Basic principles of drug action Routes of administration Mechanisms of drug actions Dependence, tolerance and withdrawal Role of learning in drug tolerance (& relapse) Theories of addiction and its mechanisms; neurobiological evidence CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Week 12 - Brain Damage & Neuroplasticity Causes of brain damage and consequences Internal and external causes (& types) and consequences Different types of cell death and their mechanisms Terminology Neurological/neurocognitive disorder Neuroplastic responses to brain damage - Recovery of brain function after CNS damage CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health PYB304 – Exam Preparation – General Exam Tips: Begin studying early! Short-term memory is limited in the type of info it can hold. Reduce anxiety. Have a study plan and stick to it! Monitor study progress. Focus on difficult material first. Pay particular attention to fundamental terms, concepts, and theories. These are the most likely things to appear on a test. Engage in deep level processing of material E.g., study notes, practise questions, study groups etc. Try generating your own multiple-choice and open-ended questions – apply the concept/model to a different context, person, etc. → greater elaboration = deeper learning and stronger memory network = more reliable retrieval in exam context CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  Exam Prep - Responding to MC Qs Cover the answers & try to answer the question purely on your initial recollection (vs. possibility of becoming confused by familiarity of terms in the various response options) Read through and answer the easier items first This may give you hints for the more difficult items & also reduce your anxiety. Read the question and think of the answer before looking at the options. Start to eliminate options – e.g., cross out items, mark items to return to. Remember that you are looking for the best answer, not the one that must be true all of the time, in all cases, without exception. Select the option that provides the best / most true answer to the question Question options that seem unfamiliar However, don’t rely on familiarity alone, as all options may be relevant, but only one answers the particular question! There is no penalty for wrong responses, so when all else fails, guess! CRICOS No.00213J If Faculty of Health  Exam prep basics Check the time & location of your exam carefully! Check your QUT student emails regularly especially if you have exam accommodations Get a good night’s sleep! Get to the exam room in plenty of time Bring your student ID card, blue or black pens (more than 1 as a backup!) If you don’t know the answer – guess (you have a 1 in 4 chance of getting it correct) Best of luck to you all… CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health  & on a final note… On behalf of all the teaching team… thank you to each of you for your engagement in this unit! We hope you have enjoyed it & learned a lot  Best wishes for your exams & future studies! Remember to contact us on [email protected] with any questions. CRICOS No.00213J Faculty of Health