Emotional Well-being & Mental Health (PDF)

Emotional well-being, mind-body interactions, and resilience  Mental health influences the balance of power, control, and resilience in our lives, impacting Mental personal, family, work, and community relatio...

Emotional well-being, mind-body interactions, and resilience  Mental health influences the balance of power, control, and resilience in our lives, impacting Mental personal, family, work, and community relationships. health Loneliness can worsen mental well-being, begins with affecting social connections. Nurses have me… the power to create supportive environments where patients feel heard, helping them connect, thrive, and adapt. 20XX Basic concepts The power of balance… 20XX Balance in mental health Emotional regulation Cognitive flexibility Stress management Social well-being Self-care and rest Purpose and fulfillment 20XX 20XX TAKE 5… stop the stigma 20XX Stigma prevents access to the 20XX mental health care people need… "1 in 5 adults in the U.S. experiences mental illness each year, yet nearly 60% of people with mental illness do not receive the treatment they need due to stigma and discrimination." — National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI Creating a culture of support and respect 20XX Biopsycholocial Model of Mental Health An integrated approach to mental well-being that recognizes the interplay of biological, emotional, and social influences on an individual’s mental health. Strategies for resilience… Body Heart Mind Community Spirit 20XX “In any given moment we have two options: to step forward into growth or to step back into safety”. Maslow’s work on the Hierarchy of Needs shows that human resilience is built on fulfilling basic needs (like safety and belonging) and progressing toward self-actualization. By achieving personal growth, purpose, and strong relationships, individuals develop the inner strength to overcome adversity, making resilience not just about bouncing back, but about growing through challenges.  Relevance to nursing care Holistic Personalized, assessment and By understanding and prioritization of whole person care applying the principles of needs Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, nurses can provide more personalized, holistic care that Comprehensive Facilitating growth and self supports patients' physical, healing expression emotional, and psychological well-being, promoting overall healing and recovery. Empowering Fostering resilience and compassionate coping communication Collaborating for whole person well-being 20XX  Mental Health: Power Imbalance, Marginalization, and Injustice Community impact of mental distress: Intimate partner violence Mental stress: workplace & school Suicide and community consequences Discrimination and social exclusion Gender oppression and its societal burden 20XX  Intimate partner violence “SURVIVORS DESERVE TO BE BELIEVED, AND SURVIVORS DESERVE TO HEAL.” – TA RA N A B U R K E 20XX  Trauma in the workplace, school Lateral violence Burnout, compassion fatigue Discrimination & harassment Exposure to violence Job insecurity and toxic culture Teacher or peer neglect, targeting Exclusion, marginalization 20XX Relational violence Lateral relationships 26/27% physical/sexual violence current or former Intimate husband/male 22-85% of nurses partner partner in relationshi lifetime experience violence ps 13/10% in last from colleagues year 40% of violence 73% 62% 25- 76% healthcar 22% 33 days to 22% 3-5 days from female 54 is reported e recover work National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health; Center for Disease Control - 2024 20XX  Rest – sleep Supportive work environment – open communication Mental health support Burnout & Compassion Self-care fatigue Recognize self & peer contributions Professional growth Leadership support 20XX Toxic interpersonal dynamics Exclusion, Discriminatio marginalizati n& These all involve on harassment harmful behaviors or conditions that create an unhealthy and unsafe environment, often resulting in emotional, Teacher or peer neglect, Exposure to violence psychological, or targeting physical harm to individuals. Job insecurity and toxic culture 20XX Recognizing mental distress is crucial improving well- being. 20XX Neuroendocrinol ogy essentials Hormonal regulation & homeostasis Endocrine disorders & clinical implications The stress response and the role of cortisol Autonomic nervous system and hormonal interactions Pharmacological interventions 20XX What is a sign of mental distress (anxiety)? Increased energy Difficulty concentrating Hyperactivity Fatigue 20XX Which strategy is appropriate for supporting a patient with anxiety? 1.Encouraging the patient to avoid discussing their fears to prevent distress. 2.Using grounding techniques and teaching deep-breathing exercised? 3.Minimizing environmental stimuli by isolating the patient in a quiet room. 4.Fostering an overly optimistic attitude to counteract negativity. 20XX 20XX Understand brain basics FROM NEUROANATOMY TO TRAUMATIC BRAIN I N J U RY: UNDERSTANDING THE CONNECTION 20XX Brain health … 20XX Neuroanato my & basic function Neurotransmitters: Serotonin – mood regulation Dopamine – reward system Norepinephrine – stress response Gaba – inhibitory control Glutamate – excitatory function 20XX 20XX 20XX  Effects of traumatic brain injury Serotonin – TBI reduction of levels – depression; irritability; anxiety Dopamine – TBI disrupts system causing apathy & anhedonia Norepinephrine – heightened stress response; hyperarousal; GABA – seizures and heightened anxiety Glutamate – excessive release excitotoxity damaging neurons and worsening injury and cognitive impairment 20XX  Emotions, memories, & motivational drive Communicate with the hypothalamus 20XX Controls many autonomic, endocrine and somatic functions Influences neurons through the transmission of signals & neurotransmitters that regulate emotions, memory, and behavior The “Emotional Brain” Nervous system review Cholinergic Acetylcholine Neurotransmit Many ters are key to Monoamines neurotransmitter s exist, but only the therapeutic action of many a few have psychotropic Norepinephrine, dopamine, implications medications serotonin, histamine for psychiatry (key to cognition & behavior) Amino acids Inhibitory amino acids, excitatory amino acids Neuropeptides Opioid peptides, substance P, somatostatin The nervous system Fight or flight Rest and digest 20XX Neuroendocrinol ogy Pituitary gland disorders can cause a emotional problems, including depression, anxiety, and behavioral disturbances. Other psychiatric disorders that are often comorbid with pituitary disease include panic disorder, mood lability, anger, hostility, irritability, fatigue, loss of libido, sexual dysfunction, neurocognitive impairment, insomnia, body image issues, low self-esteem, impaired social function, social withdrawal, and motivational difficulties 20XX  A near-24-hour Influence regulatory cycle functions Can influence accuracy of lab test Affected by cycles results and of light and effectiveness of darkness medications 20XX  Circadian rhythms in psychopathology Abnormal rhythms associated with variety of mental illnesses Premenstrual symptoms linked to disrupted biological rhythms Sleep disturbances common in mood disorders Neurochemicals influence this cycle Strong connection between psychosocial stress and onset of illness 20XX Stress Reaction to change that evokes a response directed at stabilizing the internal biological processes to preserve self esteem 20XX Adaptive Behaviors that maintain the integrity of the individual Viewed as positive and is correlated with a healthy response Maladaptive When behavior disrupts the integrity of the individual Considered to be harmful or unhealthy 20XX General Adaptation Syndrome The body's three-stage response to stress: Alarm Resistance Exhaustion Reflect how the body initially reacts, copes with prolonged stress, and ultimately becomes depleted if stress continues without relief 20XX  Adaptive stress management Coping strategies are adaptive when: They protect the individual from harm Strengthen the individual’s ability to meet challenging situations Include Awareness Relaxation Meditation Interpersonal communication Problem solving 20XX Maladaptation Process by which individuals’ response to change results in disruption of individual integrity or persistent disequilibrium 20XX A 25-year-old man barely avoids a motor vehicle accident. His heart is pounding, palms sweaty, and respirations are increased. This is an example of which state of the general adaptation syndrome? 1. Alarm 2. Resistance 3. Exhaustion 4. Biological 20XX  Anxiety and Grief: two major psychological responses Anxiety and grief are connected as both involve intense emotional responses to loss or fear, often leading to similar physical and psychological symptoms, such as restlessness, difficulty concentrating, and emotional distress. 20XX  Anxiety A feeling of discomfort and apprehension related to fear of impending danger Low levels of anxiety are adaptive and can provide motivation required for survival 20XX Adaptation to stress Behavioral adaptation responses occur at every level of anxiety  Mild Anxiety Associated with day-to- day living 20XX Moderate Anxiety Physical symptoms: Sweating, shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, rapid heart rate, chest pain, and stomach aches Behavioral symptoms: Jitteriness, feeling on edge, being unable to control worrying, or being unable to relax Speech and movement symptoms: Exaggerated hand or arm movements, rapid speech, or high- pitched voice Avoidance: Avoiding certain activities or social contact Startling easily: Being easily startled 20XX Mild-to- moderate …they interfere with ability to deal with reality anxiety are …they interfere with interpersonal relations maladaptive They interfere with occupational performance when… 20XX Moderate-to- severe anxiety If unresolved for extended period, can contribute to physiological disorders Measurable pathophysiology can be demonstrated 20XX  Severe anxiety Perceptual field extremely narrowed Repressing for extended periods can result in neurotic behavior Neurosis is a mental health condition characterized by anxiety, stress, and emotional distress, without losing touch with reality 20XX  PANIC Unable to focus on environment May lose contact with reality and develop psychosis - significant thought disturbance resulting in delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, or catatonic behavior 20XX Connecting Anxiety and Grief: Understanding the Emotional Overlap 20XX Grief is the internal experience of loss – mourning is the outward expression Grief is a subjective feeling of sorrow and sadness with emotional, physical, and social responses to LOSS of a loved person or thing. Loss or anticipated loss can trigger Mourning: a period of emotions characterized by feelings of sadness, guilt, anger, helplessness, hopelessness, and despair Maladaptive responses may Prolonged grief disorder culminate in Distress and impaired functioning for over 12 months after death of loved one or loss of identity symptoms of mental illness 20XX Building Connections: The Role of Therapeutic Communication in Supporting Emotional Well-being In summary, anxiety and grief are connected through the experience of loss, whether it's the fear of losing something in the future (anxiety) or the pain of something already lost (grief). Both responses play a critical role in how individuals process and cope with psychological insults 20XX Emotional support Therapeutic communication heals anxiety and grief by offering a safe, empathetic, and non-judgmental space for individuals to explore, process, and express their emotions. Through active listening, validation, reassurance, and the development of coping strategies, therapeutic communication helps individuals feel understood and supported by alleviating feelings of isolation and distress and promoting emotional healing, enabling individuals to better manage their anxiety and grief. 20XX  With gratitude… …your NURS 3511 faculty team 20XX