PSYC305-Attention_L2 Treisman’model.ppt
Transcript
Attention Lecture 2 Mariana V. C. Coutinho, PhD Week 6 Outline Treisman’s attenuation model of attention Quick Review Attention is the process of focusing on a subset of information. More specifically the process of selecting some information for further processing. Broadbent’s Filter Model of Atten...
Attention Lecture 2 Mariana V. C. Coutinho, PhD Week 6 Outline Treisman’s attenuation model of attention Quick Review Attention is the process of focusing on a subset of information. More specifically the process of selecting some information for further processing. Broadbent’s Filter Model of Attention (works like a) The attended informationbecause undergoes additional analysis and is stored in STM. The information that is not attended is filtered out. Dichotic Listening Task Peaslee and Swartz, Virginia Government © 2014 CQ Press, an Imprint of SAGE Publications, Inc. Dichotic Listening Task Participants are presented with a different message in each ear delivered over stereo earphones. They are told to pay attention to the message delivered to a particular ear. Dichotic Listening Task Results: Participants could not report the content of the message delivered in the unattended ear. They were unaware of what was said in the unattended ear. Results However, they could report that someone was speaking and are able to identify the gender of the speaker. They could report their names or survival related (fire) words embedded to the message delivered to the unattended ear. This finding provides evidence against the Broadbent model! If attention works like a filter, meaning it filters out information that is not attended. Then participants should not be able to recall anything regarding the content of the message delivered to the unattended ear. Treisman’s attenuation model of attention Because of such results, Anne Treisman (1964) proposed a modification of Broadbent’s model. Treisman’s attenuation model of attention Treisman (1964) proposed that attention works like an attenuator. Let’s now review each stage of information processing the model! Treisman’s attenuation model of attention Treisman’s attenuation model of attention This means that both the attended and unattended messages pass through the attenuator. And move in direction to Dictionary Unit and then Memory. Treisman’s attenuation model of attention Although both messages, the attended and unattended, pass through the attenuator. There is a difference between them in terms of the quality, strength of the signal. Treisman’s attenuation model of attention The difference is that the attended message emerges at full strength (*stronger signal) and the unattended message is weaker. *Stronger signal: more likely to recognized Treisman’s attenuation model of attention This happens because the attenuator decreases the strength of the unattended message. *Stronger signal: more likely to recognized Treisman’s attenuation model of attention Then, the message enters the dictionary unit The dictionary unit contains words, stored in memory. Treisman’s attenuation model of attention Lastly, the message is stored in memory. Recapitulating… Treisman (1964) developed the attenuator model of attention to explain the findings that some parts of the message delivered to the unattended ear is recalled. So, based on Treisman’model (1964) … Based on Treisman’model (1964), parts of the unattended message are recalled because … So, based on Treisman’model (1964) … To complement, And to complement, this loss of strength does not impede recognition because some words have a lower recognition threshold. Recognition depends on how familiar, relevant the words are to the participant. Thank you!
