PSC 100 PDF

100 psc 525 Week 1 - The Constitution and Federalism "Federalism" division - of power between the national and states government divided...

100 psc 525 Week 1 - The Constitution and Federalism "Federalism" division - of power between the national and states government divided into central government and small government units "Insurrection" - violent to a challenge government authorit insurrection The Articles of Confederation Our first constitution States "guarded" their power established "firm league of friendship" 13 among states no central gov. Yet - who central there was no gov , economic and political Stability The Provisions of the Articles Confederation a which States System - had power to do central what they want runs collective business of the gor. States individuals says nothing about Congress powers : establish and direct armed forces decide matters of war and peace coin money enter into treaties Articles allowed the states to : print own currencies Set own tariffs in to establish own laws regards finances + politics U S. had to gou rely on -. , Cooperation of States Some Winners Some Losers , 11 "Critical period poorly conducted - businesses poor domestic politics , poor , taxes economics , high state "popular tyranny" - unrestrained power of the people Shay's Rebellion The Constitutional Convention convention delegates agreed on federalist framework Virginia2 plan · houses number of representatives is · based on taxes paid by State residents better for larger states national Could override gov. State laws Cont New Jersey Plan protected smaller State interests reinforcement , not replacement, to Aof C Congressional power stronger multiperson executive · Great Compromise headed by central gov. With to tax citizens , power regulate commerce , conduct foreign affairs, and organize military single executive a national judicial system House of Rep & Senate.  North and South Three-Fifths Compromise enslaved counted people · as 315 of a person The Constitution The Legislative Branch law making power house of rep and senate , House of Rep. o representative of all people term of 2 years 25 years or older Senate 35 years or older 6 terms year The Executive Branch " executes" the law makes laws and policies · president legislation can veto · 4 year presidential term elected by electoral College · · commander-in-chief can be impeached The Judicial Branch interprets the law and if judges have been broken they Judicial Review : Supreme Court can that rule an act of Congress or exec. branch is unconstitutional Supreme Court Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances Separation Powers of : branches are not the ran by same person or group Checks and balances : branches can police the others no branch can have too much power Amendability amendment method of that allows the constitution to grow and change constitution has been amended 27 times Proposed by : - 213 vote in both houses National Convention called by Congress - Approved by : - legislature in 3/4 States Ratification ratification : voted on and approved by lat least) 9 State conventions The Federalist Papers : 85 essays in Support of the constitution Factions : of people Motivated by groups a common interest Chapter 2 Takeaway Federalists supported a strong central gou Where representation was by population (Virginia Plan). determined Anti-Federalists wanted the New Jersey plan which limited power and each state equal rep gave. Solution : bicameral legislature Constitution Part 1 The continental Congress acted as our before constitution gov. - dealt wh war , money from war, negotiated , Dec of Independence 1781 - Articles of Confederation - first independent gov. - States were a dominant factor -consent 9/13 states -nat Couldn't raise Money Gov.. (bankruptcy) trade inflation state - wars , , (hurt farmers) money printing Shay's Rebellion 1786 -farmers took Control of courthouses So states couldn't take their land The Constitutional Convention o 1787 , Philadelphia delegates were product of the - Enlightenment , very educated The Predicament gov too weak (feared , tyranny) James Madison drafted new plan for gov. (Virginia Plan) ~ his ideas prevailed Consensus Republic - - represented elected democracy individuals National Supremacy will always trump state decisions Three Branches (Separation of Power) Limited Gov. (Checes and Balances) Areas of Conflict Virginia Plan - "large"State plan New Jersey Plan "Small" state plan - focused on staying · With the Articles The Great Compromise House of Rep-based on state population (favors large States) Senate-each State has 2 Senators (favors Smaller States) Slavery-Southern States wanted slave population to count towards representation , 315 compromise Executive - selected by the Electoral Collegeequat a repthe Ratification Process opposition small farmers among Federalist Papers - Series of 85 articles appear in news papers - #10 #51 (Madison's) o #10-break the violence of factions , was a republic , representative # 51- idea of democracy and checks balances, avoid within tyranny gov. Anti-Federalist Papers June 21st , 1788 - Constitution put into effect Text of the Constitution 7 Articles # , legislative branch+ powers - of Congress  - #2 , executive branch - #3 , judicial branch - #4 , full faith and credit clause #5 , process of amending - the constitution #6 Supremacy Clause - , - #7 , ratification process 9 state conventions The Bill of Rights limits the -based on government logic - 10 amendments 27 currently · Chapter 3 - Federalism Federalism - authority divided between different levels of government Enumerated powers of Congress : National Strongest Statement of power Necessary and proper clause : justifies giving congress powers not listed in the constitution Supremacy Clause Constitution is the : "Supreme law of the land" Concurrent Powers : both levels of these government may exercise powers Dual federalism like government layered : Cake Cooperative Federalism gov :. Swirled like ice cream Unitary Systems : central you has all the power Confederal systems : local units hold all power Devolution : Shifting power from the national level to the states Concurrent powers : powers held by both gov. Federalism today categorical grants giving : States money in exchange for following instructions  Federalism Videos Three systems of gov. 1. Federal system national and state. gov · -power given from constitution tax and services can provide directly. 2 Unitary system national is Supreme gov, ↑ and they give Sub-gor powers. 3 Confederal System have sub-governments Ultimate authority Two views on Federalism 1 Dual federalism. (layered cake) Article 1 Section 8 powers of Congress - , and Necessary proper clause  (doal) 10th Amendment-powers not given to the national to the states gov are given , two levels are equal ·. 2 Cooperative Federalism (Marbe cate) large Scale Cooperation between both gor. · Article I , Sec. S McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) taxes the U S maryland imposed on.. bank-McCulloch refused to John Marshall pay · Was the tax unconstitutional ? No. Did Congress have the ability bank ? to set up the Necessary and proper clause Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) · Commerce clause , now far ? Marshall Janey Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) federal had you , no ability to regulate slavery anywhere Laissez-faire Capitalism - unregulated Market New Deal : efforts to regulate business and provide relief programs Cooperative federalism : federal aid grant programs · , New Federalism proposed by Ronald · Reagan devolution key · =