Forces & Motion Study Guide PDF

Physical Science – Schuster​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Name___________________________ Test: Forces & Motion – Study Guide (test...

Physical Science – Schuster​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Name___________________________ Test: Forces & Motion – Study Guide (test on _________) ​ This study guide is designed to be used throughout the unit to help you review and organize material covered. ​ NOTE!: Study guides are only one of the tools available to help you learn the material. It is highly recommended that you also review your notes, readings, assignments and quizzes in order to fully prepare for the test. ​ Study guide will not be collected BUT you will have to submit a completed study guide if you wish to complete test corrections. MS-PS2-3. Ask questions and design a plan to determine the factors that affect the strength of electric and magnetic forces. PS2.B: Types of Interactions Electric and magnetic (electromagnetic) forces can be attractive or repulsive, and their sizes depend on the magnitudes of the charges, currents, or magnetic strengths involved and on the distances between the interacting objects. MS-PS2-4. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. PS2.B: Types of Interactions Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass—e.g., Earth and the sun. MS-PS2-5. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. PS2.B: Types of Interactions Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Learning Objective PROVE that you understand it! Definitions, examples, diagrams … 1.​ Define force and the name the SI unit used in measuring force. 2.​ Explain why force is a vector quantity (and not a scalar quantity, ex. mass, length) 3.​ Give examples of contact and noncontact forces. (see textbook p. 208-211) 4.​ What is gravity? What is the relationship between gravitational force & mass? distance? (p. 211-212) 5.​ Distinguish between mass and weight (p. 212) 6.​ What causes friction and what factors affect the size of the frictional force acting on an object? 7.​ Identify the net force acting on an object and whether the forces are balanced or unbalanced forces. 8.​ Describe the relationship between speed, distance and time. (using an equation & using words) 9.​ Compare and contrast speed, velocity & acceleration. (p. 215-218). Which are vector quantities? 10.​Calculate speed/velocity (p. 215) a.​ A motorcycle travels 300 miles south in 3 hours. What is the average speed? Be able to apply the speed/velocity equation and solve for speed/velocity, distance OR time. b.​ If the velocity of a car is 45 kilometers per hour west, how far can it travel in 0.5 hours? c.​ How much time does it take a person to walk 8 kilometers east at a velocity of 4 kilometers per hour? 12. Explain & calculate acceleration. (p. 217-218) a.​ A sprinter has an initial velocity of 19 m/s North. After a time of 8.5 seconds, her velocity is 25 m/s North. What is the sprinter’s acceleration during this time ​ What does acceleration look like? interval? ​ What changes when an object accelerates? b.​ What is the acceleration of a cart that rolls down an incline if it takes 0.5 minutes for it to speed up from 1200 cm/min South to 5600 cm/min South? c.​ A skydiver has a velocity of 120 mi/hr downwards. When he deploys his parachute, it takes him 0.0004 hours to slow down to 20 mi/hr downwards. What is his acceleration? 13. Interpret distance-time graphs. Match each description of motion with the corresponding line segment on the graph. ​ What does the slope represent? __________ 1) The bus has a detour because of an accident and backtracks 1 mile along a road that is full of potholes. It takes 4 minutes to get to the end of the detour. __________ 2) The bus begins its route and travels 2 miles in 4 minutes. __________ 3) The bus travels 1 mile in 4 minutes. __________ 4) The bus travels 3 miles in 6 minutes. __________ 5) The bus waits at one of the stops for a student who is slowly walking to the bus.