Newtonian Forces Study Guide PDF

**Balanced and Unbalanced Forces** Balanced Forces -- Two plus equal forces acting in opposite directions. - A car sets cruise control to maintain a constant speed of 70mph - A bat hangs motionless upside down - Two children who have the same weight are stuck on a seesaw - **These force...

**Balanced and Unbalanced Forces** Balanced Forces -- Two plus equal forces acting in opposite directions. - A car sets cruise control to maintain a constant speed of 70mph - A bat hangs motionless upside down - Two children who have the same weight are stuck on a seesaw - **These forces cause an object that is at rest to remain motionless.** Unbalanced Forces -- Unequal forces, object moves. - A skier is gaining speed as he goes downhill. - A frisbee glides through the air and eventually comes to rest. - Two children are moving on a seesaw because they have different weight. - **This type of forces causes an object to accelerate, change speed or direction.** **Net Force Calculations** Calculate Net Forces \| Baamboozle - Baamboozle \| The Most Fun Classroom Games! **Describing Motion** Motion occurs when an object changes position relative to a reference point. Speed is the distance an object travels per unit of time, the rate of change of position. Speed = Average or Total Distance/Time Types of Speed Instantaneous Speed -- Speed at any given point. Average Speed -- Total distance divided by total time. Constant Speed -- Speed that doesn't vary. Graphing motion X = Time Y = Distance Slope = Speed of an object in motion **\ ** **Distance vs Displacement** Distance is how far an object has traveled. Displacement distance and direction of an object's change in position from the starting point. Remember to include direction when writing displacement. Example: PJ likes to ride his bike around the block. If he rides around the black for.35 miles and returns to his house what is his distance and displacement? Distance: 0.35 miles Displacement: 0 miles **Velocity** Velocity describes both speed and direction of motion. The velocity of an object changes if its speed or direction changes or both speed and direction changes. Velocity = D/T When describing velocity remember to always give a direction of motion. Find the velocity in meters per second of a swimmer who swims exactly 110 m towards the shore in 72s: 1.53 m/s towards the shore. **Acceleration** A change in velocity's rate, speed or direction. Positive acceleration is when speed increases. Negative acceleration is when speed decreases. Acceleration = Change in Velocity/Time Change in Velocity = Final Velocity -- Initial Velocity A paperboy rode his bike at 3m/s. After being chased by a dog for 8 seconds, he was traveling 6m/s. What is his acceleration? 6-3/8 = 0.38m/s\^2 **Weight Mass and Freefall** Mass - Amount of matter in an object. Weight -- Force of an object due to gravity. Weight = mass \* g Acceleration due to gravity -- on earth it is 9.8m/s\^2 Free Fall -- When the force of gravity is the only force acting on an object. **Newton's Laws** Newtons First Law Object at rest/ in motion, stays at rest/ in motion unless acted on by an outside force. Newtons Second Law Force = Mass \* Acceleration Newton's Third Law For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.