Properties of a Well Written Text PDF

# Four Properties of Written Text ## 1. Text Organization - Text organization is achieved when ideas are logically and accurately arranged. - Ideas are well developed when there is a clear statement of purpose, position, facts, examples, specific details, definitions, explanations, justifications,...

# Four Properties of Written Text ## 1. Text Organization - Text organization is achieved when ideas are logically and accurately arranged. - Ideas are well developed when there is a clear statement of purpose, position, facts, examples, specific details, definitions, explanations, justifications, or opposing viewpoints. ### Features of Text Organization 1. **Physical Format:** - The format is an aspect of the organization that is immediately apparent to the reader. - It is seen in **how the text physically appears** like headings and subheadings, bullet points, or font emphasis. 2. **Structure:** - Structure refers to the complete framework of the text. - It consists of: - **Beginning:** Introduction, thesis statement - **Middle:** Supporting details - **End:** Conclusion, summary, final message 3. **Signal Words:** - Signal words are the cue in the ordering of events and concepts. ## 2. Coherence and Cohesion - **Coherence** is the connection of ideas to the central concept of the text. - **Cohesion** is the relationship of ideas between sentences. - **Coherence** refers to how the sentences in a paragraph follow each other reasonably - stresses the connection of ideas at the idea level. - **Cohesion** refers to how the ideas of sentences and paragraphs stick together to support the controlling idea - stresses the connection of ideas at the sentence level. ## 3. Language Use - You must make good choices when it comes to language use because how you use the language affects the tone of the text and the reader's interpretation of it. - Know when to use formal or informal language. **Examples:** 1. We **asked** the secretary to call the professor and get her permission for us to continue our research. 2. We **requested** the secretary to contact the professor and obtain her permission for us to continue our research. ## 4. Language Mechanics - Language mechanics is a set of conventions on how to spell, abbreviate, punctuate, and capitalize. ### 1. Spelling - Remember that there are slight differences in American English and British English spelling. | American Spelling | British Spelling | |---|---| | Color | Colour | | Defense | Defence | | Organize | Organise | | Traveled | Travelled | | Theater | Theatre | | Learned | Learnt | | Airplane | Aeroplane | | Anesthesia | Anaesthesia | | Analyze | Analyse | | Aging | Ageing | ### 2. Punctuation - It pertains to the act or practice of inserting standardized marks or signs in the written matter to clarify the meaning and separate structural units. **Example:** - A woman without her man is nothing. - A woman, without her, man is nothing. - Let's eat children! - Let's eat, children! ### 3. Capitalization - Capitalization is the act of writing the first letter of a word in uppercase while the rest of the letters are in lowercase. - Proper nouns: Alex, Manila - Proper adjectives: Canadian - Days of the week: Sunday - Months of the year: January - Specific course titles: Theater 101 - Kinship names used in place of personal names: Grandma, Dad, Aunt Paz, Uncle Alvin - Adjectives, verbs, adverbs, nouns, and pronouns in a title and the first and last word in a title: - Through the Looking Glass, and What Alice Found There (literature) - And I Am Telling You I'm Not Going (song) - Historical periods, events, documents: Great Depression, the Renaissance, the Constitution ## Activity: Deepen **Direction:** Read the text and assess it based on its properties (organization, coherence, cohesion, language use, and mechanics). Explain the reason for your rating on each property. **Text:** Phase Out the Obsolete Jeepney (an excerpt) by Neal H. Cruz. Pg. 26. **Criteria:** (5 as the highest and 1 as the lowest) - **Organization (Rating: _ )** - **Explanation of Assessment: ** - **Coherence (Rating: _ )** - **Cohesion (Rating: _ )** - **Language Use (Rating: _ )** - **Mechanics (Rating: _ )**