PROFDV2 CM.docx

 **Unit Outline**  ### Leadership in Hospitality Industry Leaders in hospitality management education face diverse challenges in today\'s competitive and changing environment. Evolving dema...

 **Unit Outline**  ### Leadership in Hospitality Industry Leaders in hospitality management education face diverse challenges in today\'s competitive and changing environment. Evolving demands from superiors, financial challenges, and faculty and students increasing demands, create a turbulent environment in which administrators must thrive. One of the keys in being effective leaders is the application of the necessary leadership skills. **Leadership- Definition** 1. ### Leadership can be defined as one's ability to influence and motivate others to bring the best out in them. It focuses on encouraging individuals to add more to the overall effectiveness of an organization. 2. ### Leadership is often defined as a process wherein an individual, influences and encourages others to achieve the organizational objectives and directs the organization so that it becomes more coherent and cohesive to work. 3. ### Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality. Great leaders possess dazzling social intelligence, a zest for change, and above all, a vision that allows them to set their sights on the things that truly merit attention. Not a bad skill set for the rest of us, either (Warren Bennis). 4. ### Leadership is all about developing people, in turn helping them to reach their maximum potential. In the simplest of terms, Leadership is an art of motivating the people to help achieve a common goal. ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### Leadership Style 1. ### Autocratic Leadership- is centered on the boss. In this leadership the leader holds all authority and responsibility. In this leadership, leaders make decisions on their own without consulting subordinates. They reach decisions, communicate them to subordinates and expect prompt implementation. 2. ### Democratic Leadership- In this leadership style, subordinates are involved in making decisions. Unlike autocratic, this headship is centered on subordinates' contributions. The democratic leader holds final responsibility, but he or she is known to delegate authority to other people, who determine work projects. 3. ### Laissez-faire Leadership- Laissez-faire leadership gives authority to employees. According to research, this kind of leadership has been consistently found to be the least satisfying and least effective management style. 4. ### Transactional Leadership- This is a leadership that maintains or continues the status quo. It is also the leadership that involves an exchange process, whereby followers get immediate, tangible rewards for carrying out the leader's orders. Transactional leadership behaviors can include: clarifying what is expected of followers' performance; explaining how to meet such expectations; and allocating rewards that are contingent on meeting objectives. 5. ### Charismatic Leadership- In this leadership, the charismatic leader manifests his or her revolutionary power. Charisma does not mean sheer behavioral change. It actually involves a transformation of followers' values and beliefs. Therefore, this distinguishes a charismatic leader from a simply populist leader who may affect attitudes towards specific objects, but who is not prepared as the charismatic leader is, to transform the underlying normative orientation that structures specific attitudes. 6. ### Transformational Leadership - Transformational leadership is all about initiating change in organizations, groups, oneself and others. Leaders motivate others to do more than they originally intended and often even more than they thought possible. They set more challenging expectations and typically achieve higher performance. ### ### ### ### ### ### ### Importance of Leadership - ### Leaders Introduce Changes- Change doesn't just happen naturally. If it did, the world wouldn't need leaders. For change to occur, executives need to direct their teams on what actions will drive the most impact. As Steve Jobs explained, "Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower." By leading the charge, management can indicate why a change has to happen and what the next steps are. - ### Leaders Help People Fulfill Needs- Effective leadership development establishes a personal connection with others. That includes helping people fulfill their needs. If someone believes that a leader truly understands their feelings and concerns, they are more likely to follow them. With that comes increased confidence and feelings of security. - ### Leaders Resolve Conflicts- Another reflection of the importance of leadership is the ability to solve conflicts as they arise. Leaders will listen to concerns and address them quickly. Helping people feel like they're heard can head off future problems. Furthermore, by engaging in conflict resolution skills, leaders also gain insight into the challenges people face. With this, leadership points employees toward effective solutions while showing their team they truly listen. - ### Leaders Provide Guidance- Guidance isn't about simply telling people what to do. For a good leader, it's about explaining how to do something. Sometimes, people need additional help when learning, and leaders must be willing to take the necessary steps to do so. This is done by setting an example. For instance, if people see leaders doing it, they'll want to follow suit. - ### Leaders Establish a Vision- At the same time, some people need help understanding why they do something. Leaders can use their skills to step in and show them the vision for the organization. In other words, leaders place tasks and responsibilities in the proper context for people. With this direction, they can know where they fit in the grand scheme of things. - ### Leaders Improve Morale- The importance of leadership extends to morale. Good leaders show appreciation for the work people do that makes progress toward organizational goals. As the survey results show, this leads to more confidence. When management makes sure to praise and recognize people regularly, morale will steadily improve among all workers. In this way, others can see the significance of leadership. - ### Leaders Create Positive Work Environments- The way a work environment feels shows the importance of an effective leader as well. When executives, directors, and managers are positive and encouraging, people will feel right at home and ready to contribute. Leaders work to ensure work environments remain uplifting and comfortable, even if the work is done remotely. ### ### ### ### Leaders vs. Boss  ### Group Dynamics in the Workplace 1. ### Strong leadership is important within a group- A leader should guide the development of the group and the path to the goal that needs to be reached. They can do this by defining specific roles and responsibilities for members of the group, as well as a timeline for the common project so members can understand their role within the timeline. 2. ### Recognize how personalities affect team dynamics- This practice can also provide an opportunity for managers to note any gaps in experience or behavior and the necessary coverage with additional team members for the group to accomplish its goal. 3. ### Understand the life cycle of a group-m The way a group comes together can be demonstrated in five steps: a. ### Forming: The coming together of a group. b. ### Storming: Members of the group seek out like-minded members. At this stage, conflicts between different sub-groups may arise. c. ### Norming: Members become invested in the group as a whole and its common goal. d. ### Performing: The members of the group now function as a unit, contributing to complete the task within the standards defined in the previous steps. e. ### Adjourning: If the group has formed to meet a specific goal, then the group will disband after the completion of the task and any subsequent needed evaluation. 4. ### Communication is key - It's imperative for all members of a group to understand and utilize the chosen methods of communication. Open and transparent communication builds and maintains a sense of trust within the group and helps maintain focus toward the goal. Side conversations via separate emails or instant messaging chat features can be detrimental to the group's overall trust. 5. ### Diversity and Cultural Sensitivity- When it comes to diversity, there are many factors that influence the full and complete spectrum. Race, gender, and sexual orientation perhaps immediately spring to mind. To create a truly positive group dynamic in a particular cohort, it's important to make sure people from all backgrounds, identities, and views feel accepted and validated. ### ### ### ### ### **Team Building** ***Team building* creates stronger bonds among the members of a group. The individual members respect each other and their differences and share common goals and expectations. Team building can include the daily interaction that employees engage in when working together to carry out the requirements of their jobs. This form of team building is natural and can be assisted if the group takes the time to come up with a set of team norms. These norms help group members know how to appropriately interact on the team and with the rest of the organization. Team building can also involve structured activities and exercises led by team members. Or, with the proper budget and goals, managers can contract out for facilitation with an external resource. External facilitation by an experienced person can give your team building a boost.** **Importance of Team Building** - **BUILDS TRUST**- Trust plays an essential role in building effective teams. For teams to work together, they need to know they can trust each other. That they can fall back on each other if the need arises. Moreover, when you build trust among teams, they give each other space and autonomy to accomplish their tasks and make their own decisions. - **REGULATES COMMUNICATION-** Communication allows employees to understand their roles and what their peers are doing. When employees know what their team members are doing, they can check up on the progress made and help each other out if someone cannot reach their goal. - **INCREASES PRODUCTIVITY-** Teams share the workload. This means that if one member has relatively less work, she can help another team member complete their work. This allows the project to be finished faster, thereby increasing productivity and improving the overall bottom line. - **BRINGS PEOPLE TOGETHER-** One of the most important benefits of team building is that it improves interpersonal relationships between employees. When people work together, they share experiences and both failures as well as victories. It brings them closer and makes them trust each other. When team member A helps team member B, team member B is sure to return the favor at some point. - **FOSTERS CREATIVITY AND LEARNING-** Successful team building motivates employees to learn from each other and build on each other's talents. As compared to working solo on a project, teamwork allows room for fresh ideas and new perspectives. It brings together individual experiences combined with new, innovative ideas which makes the work more fun and efficient. As a result, everyone can bring something new to the table and learn from each other. - **HEALTHY COMPETITION-** It's proven that when you make a task a competition, people achieve more. In the workplace, conducting team building activities can be a great way to bring out the competitive side of your employees. Team building exercises are fun games where employees participate in completing their challenges while competing with other games. The main objective of conducting these games to inculcate team spirit among employees, letting them work with other teams and acquire skills like problem solving, communication and collaboration along the way. - **MAKES PEOPLE MORE ACCEPTING-** With workplaces becoming more inclusive towards cultural and gender diversity, your employees need to do their bit too. It is always a good idea to form teams with people from different ethnicities and background. Such groups are often more creative as they are more accepting and understanding of each other\'s differences. It makes them realize their preconceived judgment of an individual is completely wrong and that that team member is a lot of fun to work with. - **RESOLVES CONFLICTS-** When people work together, there are sure to be disagreements. It\'s up to team members to resolve the conflicts amicably and not let them turn into full-blown disputes. But conflicts aren\'t always a bad thing. Conflicts can sometimes turn into constructive and valuable work. Disagreements, especially, might arise if people with diverse experiences are grouped rather than those with similar experiences. The key to resolving such conflicts is that people should be open to hear and accept diverse opinions and perspectives. - **IMPROVES COMPANY CULTURE-** When teams work together, it fosters creativity and innovation in the workplace. Employees communicate and collaborate more. This improves their performance and efficiency, resolves conflict and misunderstandings and makes people more accepting towards each other. More people start getting recognized which motivates them and others to achieve more and better the next time. This improves the company's overall bottom-line and simultaneously fosters a positive and motivation workplace culture. ### ### ### ### ### - Arenas (2021), *Professional Development and Applied Ethics,* Edric Publishing House, Sta. Cruz Manila. - Buenaventura et.al (2022), *Professional Development and Applied Ethics,* Mindshapers Co., Inc., Intramuros Manila. - Somoray (2020), *Professional Development and Applied Ethics,* Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing Inc., Intramuros Manila. - Salosa (2018), *Type of leadership,* SlideShare, https://www.slideshare.net/JhonRickySalosa/type-of-leadership - Baker (2023), *Why Is Leadership Important,* Leaders Editorial, - Article form Master in Business Administration (2023), *4 Things to Know About Group Dynamics in the Workplace,* Maryville University. - Heathfield (2021), *What Is Team Building?,* Live About dotcom, ###