Cellular and Molecular Biology Quiz PDF

# Cellular and Molecular Biology Quiz 1. Which of the following processes utilizes proofreading to increase its accuracy? * (A) Transcription * (B) DNA replication * (C) Recombination * (D) Peptide bond formation * (E) Electron transport 2. Which of the following is...

# Cellular and Molecular Biology Quiz 1. Which of the following processes utilizes proofreading to increase its accuracy? * (A) Transcription * (B) DNA replication * (C) Recombination * (D) Peptide bond formation * (E) Electron transport 2. Which of the following is NOT an organelle? * (A) Nucleus * (B) Golgi apparatus * (C) Lysosome * (D) Chlorophyll * (E) Chloroplast 3. Which of the following are correctly associated? * (A) RNA: thymine * (B) DNA: uracil * (C) RNA: replication * (D) mRNA: picks up amino acids * (E) RNA: ribose sugars 4. What is the BEST evidence that genes encode the amino acid sequence of proteins? * (A) Proteins are macromolecules. * (B) RNA directs amino acid synthesis. * (C) The amino acid sequence of polypeptides is changed by gene mutation. * (D) DNA serves as a template for RNA. * (E) mRNA is found in the ribosome. 5. The tRNA anticodon for the amino acid valine is CAA (reading 3' to 5'). What is the mRNA codon for valine (reading 5' to 3')? * (A) TTG * (B) GGU * (C) CCA * (D) CCG * (E) GUU 6. The source of oxygen given off in photosynthesis is * (A) water. * (B) carbon dioxide. * (C) glucose. * (D) starch. * (E) chlorophyll. 7. Which of the following is NOT a lipid derivative? * (A) Waxes * (B) Steroids * (C) Carotenoids * (D) Albumins * (E) Lecithin 8. Which is NOT a characteristic of proteins? * (A) They contain genetic information. * (B) They can act as hormones. * (C) They can catalyze chemical reactions. * (D) They act in cell membrane trafficking. * (E) They can bind foreign materials. 9. The rough endoplasmic reticulum differs from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum due to the presence of * (A) lysosomes. * (B) ribosomes. * (C) mitochondria. * (D) Golgi apparatus. * (E) histones. 10. Which of the following is found in eukaryotes but NOT in prokaryotes? * (A) Ribosomal RNA * (B) Plasma membrane * (C) Nuclear membrane * (D) Ribosomes * (E) None of the above 11. Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis is NOT true? * (A) The light cycle occurs only during exposure to light. * (B) The dark cycle occurs only in the absence of light. * (C) ATP is produced during the light cycle. * (D) During the dark cycle, sugars are produced. * (E) Red and blue light are optimal for photosynthetic function. 12. Which of the following statements about the Krebs cycle is NOT true? * (A) The Krebs cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. * (B) The Krebs cycle is linked to glycolysis by pyruvate. * (C) The Krebs cycle is the single greatest direct source of ATP in the cell. * (D) Citrate is an intermediate in the Krebs cycle. * (E) The Krebs cycle produces nucleotides such as NADH and FADH2. 13. Cells that are involved in active transport, such as cells of the intestinal epithelium, utilize large quantities of ATP. In such cells, there are * (A) high levels of adenylate cyclase activity. * (B) many polyribosomes. * (C) many mitochondria. * (D) high levels of DNA synthesis. * (E) many lysosomes. 14. The process by which a cell engulfs large particulate matter is called * (A) pinocytosis. * (B) exocytosis. * (C) cytokinesis. * (D) phagocytosis. * (E) osmosis. 15. The basis for the pairing of the two strands of DNA in the double helix is * (A) covalent bonding. * (B) ionic bonding. * (C) hydrogen bonding. * (D) hydrophobic interactions. * (E) tertiary structure. 16. Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true? * (A) The activity of enzymes is unaffected by genetic mutation. * (B) Enzymes may interact with nonprotein molecules in order to engage in biological activity. * (C) Enzymes optimally operate at a particular pH. * (D) Enzymes optimally operate at a particular temperature. * (E) Enzymes are almost always proteins. 17. Which of the following is a correct association? * (A) Mitochondria: transport materials from the nucleus to the cytoplasm * (B) Lysosome: digestive enzyme for intracellular use * (C) Endoplasmic reticulum: selective barrier for the cell * (D) Ribosome: electron transport chain * (E) Polysome: group of Golgi complexes 18. Which of the following is in a different chemical category than the others? * (A) Cytosine * (B) Thymine * (C) Arginine * (D) Guanine * (E) Uracil 19. Which of the following statement about viruses is NOT true? * (A) Their genetic material may be DNA or RNA. * (B) The virus may replicate in a bacterial host. * (C) The virus may replicate in a eukaryotic host. * (D) The virus may replicate autonomously in the absence of a host. * (E) The protein coat of the virus does not enter a host bacterial cell. 20. In the speculation concerning the origins of life, one theory states that purines, pyrimidines, sugars, and phosphates combined to form * (A) nucleotides. * (B) nucleosides. * (C) carbohydrates. * (D) fats. * (E) proteins.