Animals PDF - Class 5 Science

1 CHAPTER Animals Learning objectives 1.1 Habitats of animals 1.2 Body coverings of animals 1.3 Eating habits of animals...

1 CHAPTER Animals Learning objectives 1.1 Habitats of animals 1.2 Body coverings of animals 1.3 Eating habits of animals 1.4 Breathing methods of animals 1.5 Movements in animals 1.6 Adaptations in animals 1.1 HABITATS OF ANIMALS live inside burrows. Small animals like earthworms, The world of animals is amazing. They are found almost insects live on forest floors. everywhere, i.e., on land, in air, on trees and in water. The place where an animal lives, grows and reproduces is called its habitat. Animals have different adapted features which help them to survive in their habitats. On the basis of habitat, animals are broadly classified as : Tiger Deer Zebra Terrestrial (On land) E.g., Camel, Elephant Arboreal (On trees) E.g., Monkey, Woodpecker Giraffe Elephant Aquatic Animals living in forest Animals Deserts are sandy and dry areas that receive very little (In water) E.g., Fish, Crocodile rainfall. They are usually hot during day time and cold Aerial at night. Animals like camel, rattle snake, etc., are found (In air) E.g., Eagle, Bat in deserts. Amphibious (Both on land and in water) E.g., Frog Camel Rattle snake Terrestrial Animals Mountainous regions are cold and often covered with Animals living on land are called terrestrial animals. snow. Animals like yak and mountain goat are found Land includes forests, deserts, polar regions, mountains, in mountainous regions. etc. The regions near North and South poles on Earth are Forest is a vast area that is densely covered by trees called polar regions. The region around North pole and other plants. Forests provide shelter to animals like is named Arctic region and the region around South lion, tiger, deer, fox, elephant, monkey, etc. Animals pole is called Antarctic region. They are permanently live in caves and on/under trees in forests. Forests are covered with snow. Penguin, polar bear, arctic fox, arctic also home to animals like hare, rat, snake, etc., which hare, etc., are some animals found in polar regions. Class-5 | Science 1  They have wings to fly with. Birds have hindlegs which are differently modified for walking, running, hopping or perching. They have hollow bones to reduce body weight as an adaptation to fly. Polar bear Penguin Arboreal Animals Animals like monkey, squirrel, koala, sloth, birds etc. live on trees. These are called arboreal animals. Monkeys have strong limbs to help in climbing. Toucan Eagle Swallow Some have a long tail which can be coiled around the Flying birds branches of trees. Some birds, e.g., ostrich, kiwi, emu, etc., cannot fly. They are called flightless birds. Sloth Monkey Aquatic Animals Emu Kiwi Ostrich Flightless birds Animals that live in water are called aquatic animals. Aquatic habitats can either be freshwater habitats or Amphibious Animals salty water habitats. Animals that can live both on land and in water are Freshwater is naturally occurring water on the earth's called amphibious animals e.g., frog, toad, etc. surface. It contains minimal quantities of dissolved salts. Some examples of freshwater habitats are ponds, lakes, rivers, streams, etc. Animals living in freshwater include variety of fish, birds like duck and swan, crocodile, some insects like dragonfly etc. Frog The body of a fish is covered with a layer of flexible, overlapping scales. Fish have fins which help in swimming. Fish breathe through gills. 1.2 BODY COVERINGS OF ANIMALS Salty water habitats include oceans and seas. An ocean Different animals have different types of body covering. is a vast and continuous body of saline (salty) water. Body covering helps an animal to live and survive in a particular habitat. It also helps the animal to keep its It is the largest habitat on the earth. A large variety body warm and protect itself from predators. of animals are found here. Some of them are whale, dolphin, seal, seahorse and octopus. These animals are Types of Body Covering well-adapted to live in salty water. Cuticle Body of insects, i.e., butterfly, grasshopper, beetle, etc., is covered by hard covering called cuticle. It helps them to protect their soft body. Dolphin Shark Aerial Animals Animals that stay mostly in air are called aerial animals, e.g., birds, bats, etc. Birds build nests on trees. Butterfly Beetle Ant 2 Olympiad PREP-GUIDE Scales Olympiad Bite Body of fish, reptiles, etc., is covered with scales. Scales are present on the legs of birds. Scales are hard and Skin of crocodile, shell of tortoise and bony armour of overlapping structures that do not let water enter the armadillo are made up of scutes. Scutes are similar to body of animal thereby protecting the skin present scales and serve the same function. However, scutes are underneath it. Fish scales are derived from bone in bony external plates formed from deeper layer of skin. the deeper layer of the skin known as dermal layer. Reptilian and bird scales are derived from superficial Feathers layer of skin known as epidermis. These scales are not Body of bird is covered with feathers which protect it from rain and cold. Feathers help to keep a bird's separate detachable structures like fish scales instead body warm. Flight feathers present in wings help the they are connected in a sheet. birds to fly. Feathers of some birds like peacock have beautiful patterns and are brightly coloured. Reptilian scales Fish scales Feather Types of scale Parakeet Shell Spines Body of animals like snail, tortoise, armadillo, etc., is Bodies of some animals like spiny anteater, hedgehog covered by hard covering commonly called as shell. and porcupine are covered with needle-like outgrowths called spines. They act as an armour to protect the animal from enemies. Spines Snail Tortoise Types of shell Porcupine SELF TEST - 1 1. Which of the following animals can be placed in 2. Frogs are _____ animals. box X? (A) Herbivores Animals according to habitat (B) Amphibious X (C) Arboreal (D) Aquatic (A) (B) 3. What is common for a snail and a turtle? (A) Paddle-like limbs (B) Shell (C) (D) (C) Back bone (D) All of these Class-5 | Science 3