UPSC Prelims 2025 Topic-Wise Syllabus PDF

about me School of UPSC topic-wise syllabus UPSC 2025 Prepared By: school of upsc Visit Our Website www.schoolofupsc.com TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Indian Heritage& Culture 3 Ancient Indian History 5...

about me School of UPSC topic-wise syllabus UPSC 2025 Prepared By: school of upsc Visit Our Website www.schoolofupsc.com TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Indian Heritage& Culture 3 Ancient Indian History 5 Medieval Indian History 7 Modern Indian History 11 Post Independence 12 World Geography 14 Indian Geography 16 Polity 26 Economy 34 Ecology and Environment 45 Science and Technology  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS TOPIC SUB TOPIC Indian Heritage & Culture ✓ Indus Civilization ✓ Temple Architecture ✓ Medieval Architecture ✓ Rock-cut Architecture ✓ Buddhist Architecture ✓ Mauryan Architecture ✓ Post Mauryan Art Architecture ✓ Gupta Age Architecture ✓ Important ancient Inscriptions and Edicts ✓ Famous Universities of Ancient India ✓ Major Buddhist Pilgrimage Sites in India ✓ Major Jain Pilgrimage Sites in India ✓ Modern Architecture ✓ Post-Independence architecture ✓ Pre Historic Painting ✓ Mural Paintings & Cave Paintings ✓ Miniature Paintings ✓ Rajasthani School of Painting ✓ Pahari Style of Painting Sculpture ✓ Deccani School of Painting ✓ Folk Paintings ✓ Ragamala Paintings ✓ Modern Indian Paintings ✓ Personalities Associated to Paintings ✓ Hinduism ✓ Jainism ✓ Buddhism Religion ✓ Islam ✓ Christianity ✓ Zoroastrianism ✓ Judaism ✓ Six Schools of Philosophy Philosophy ✓ Ajivika ✓ Lokayata / Charvaka ✓ Hindustani Classical Music Indian Music ✓ Carnatic Music ✓ Folk Music Tradition UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 1  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Modern Music ✓ Musical Instruments ✓ Classical Dance forms in India Indian Dance ✓ Folk Dances ✓ Modern Dance in India ✓ Sanskrit Theatre Theatre ✓ Folk Theatre ✓ Modern Theatre ✓ History of Puppetry Puppetry ✓ Different forms of Puppetry in India Indian Cinema and ✓ Indian Cinema Circus ✓ Circus ✓ Bhakti Movement Bhakti & Sufi Movement ✓ Sufi Movement ✓ Classification of Indian Languages ✓ Official Languages of India Languages in India ✓ Status of Classical Language ✓ Ancient Scripts of India ✓ Hindu Literature in Ancient India ✓ Literature in Pali and Prakrit ✓ Jain Literature Indian Literature ✓ Sikh Literature ✓ Dravidian Literature ✓ Medieval Literature ✓ Modern Literature ✓ Religious Festivals ✓ Secular Festivals Fairs and Festivals ✓ Festivals of North-East India ✓ Fairs of India Indian Handicrafts ✓ Handicraft ✓ Ancient Science & Technology Science & Technology ✓ Medieval Science & Technology ✓ Indian World Heritage Sites ✓ Tangible & Intangible Cultural Heritage Promotion and ✓ Cultural Heritage Sites Preservation of Indian ✓ Natural Heritage Sites Heritage ✓ Important Cultural Institutions ✓ Important schemes for preservation of Indian heritage ✓ Ochre Colored Pottery (OCP) ✓ Black and Red Ware (BRW) Pottery tradition in India ✓ Painted Grey-Ware (PGW) ✓ Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW) UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 2  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Origin of Martial arts in India Martial Arts in India ✓ Various forms of Martial arts in India ✓ Coins in Ancient India Coins ✓ Coins in Medieval India ✓ Ports Miscellaneous ✓ Indian Temple Architectural Tradition Abroad ✓ Foreign Travellers - Ancient India Foreign Travellers ✓ Foreign Travellers - Medieval India Ancient Indian History ✓ Palaeolithic Period ✓ Mesolithic Period Prehistoric period ✓ Neolithic Period ✓ Chalcolithic Period ✓ Introduction of Harappan / Indus Valley Civilization ✓ Theory of Origin of IVC ✓ Town Planning Harappan / Indus Valley ✓ Society Civilization ✓ Economy ✓ Theory of Decline of IVC ✓ Special features of some Important Harappan Sites ✓ Facets of IVC yet to be Ascertained ✓ Geography of the Vedic Age ✓ Political Structure of Vedic Age ✓ Society of Vedic Period ✓ The economy of the Vedic Period ✓ The religion of Vedic Period Vedic Age ✓ Important Terms used in Vedic Period ✓ Cultural Heritage Sites ✓ Natural Heritage Sites ✓ Important Cultural Institutions ✓ Important schemes for preservation of Indian heritage ✓ 16 Mahajanapadas Mahajanapadas and Rise ✓ Republics and Monarchies of Magadha - Later Vedic ✓ Key Dynasties -Haryanka, Shishunaga ,Nanda Dynasty Period ✓ Persian & Alexander’s Invasion ✓ Mahajanapadas - Economy & System of Administration ✓ Rise of Magadha Empire Foreign Invasion ✓ IRANIAN INVASION UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 3  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ MACEDONIAN INVASION ✓ Origin and Expansion o Important Personalities- ✓ Chandragupta, Bindusara, Megasthenes ✓ Asoka -Reign, Inscriptions and Sites ✓ Rise of Buddhism & Dhamma Mauryan Age ✓ Mauryan Society + Literary Sources (TheArthasastra) ✓ Mauryan Art and Architecture ✓ Mauryan Economy ✓ The Mauryan Administration ✓ Decline of the Mauryas ✓ Indo Greek Invasion ✓ Sungas and Kanvas ✓ Sakas ✓ Kushanas ✓ Kanishka Post Mauryan Age ✓ Satavahanas ✓ Ikshavaku Dynasty ✓ Chedis ✓ Post Mauryan Administration ✓ Post Mauryan Socio-economic Conditions ✓ Gupta History ✓ Gupta Politics & Administration ✓ Society, Religion and Culture Gupta Age ✓ Gupta Economy ✓ Literature and Foreign Travellers ✓ Decline of the Gupta empire ✓ Sangam Literature ✓ South Indian Dynasties - Cheras and Pandyas Sangam Age ✓ Sangam Polity and Administration ✓ Sangam Society + Culture ✓ Economy of the Sangam Age ✓ Vakataka ✓ Kalabhra Kingdoms of South India ✓ Hoysalas ✓ Yadavas of Devagiri ✓ Kakatiyas ✓ Maukharis ✓ Maitrakas Post Gupta Age ✓ Gaudas ✓ Hunas ✓ Pushyabhutis - Vardhana Dynasty (Harshavardhana) UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 4  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Age of Three Empires - Palas, Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas ✓ Rajput Kingdoms ✓ Society under Rajput Kingdoms ✓ Failure of Rajput Kingdoms Medieval Indian History ✓ The Pratiharas ((8th to 10th Century) Major Dynasties of Early ✓ The Palas (8th to 11th Century) Medieval Period ✓ The Senas (11th to 12th Century) ✓ Rashtrakutas ✓ Political History of Chola ✓ Chola Administration Chola Empire ✓ Chola Religion ✓ Chola Society ✓ Ghaznavid ✓ Muhammad Ghori Turkish conquest of India ✓ Battle of Tarai ✓ Turkish conquest of Ganga Valley (Bihar and Bengal) ✓ The Chahamanas or Chauhans of Ajmer ✓ Solankis (Chaulkya Dynasty) Rajput states ✓ The Paramaras ✓ The Chandellas ✓ The Rathors or Gahawars (1090 – 1194 CE) ✓ Foundation of Delhi Sultanate ✓ Slave Dynasty/Mamluk Dynasty ✓ Mangols ✓ The Tughlaqs Delhi Sultanate ✓ The Sayyids ✓ The Lodhis ✓ Adminstration During Delhi Sultanate Period ✓ Economy During Delhi Sultanate Period ✓ Gujarat ✓ Malwa ✓ Mewar Rise of Provincial ✓ Kashmir Kingdoms ✓ Odisha ✓ Ganga Dynasty ✓ Gajapati Dynasty ✓ Origin of Vijayanagara Vijayanagara ✓ Dynasty and Rulers under Vijayanagara Empire ✓ Political & Economic History of Vijayanagara UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 5  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Society of Vijayanagara ✓ Administration in Vijayanagara ✓ Political History of Bahamani Kingdom Bahamani Kingdom ✓ Society of Bahamani Kingdom ✓ Administration in Bahamani Kingdom ✓ Babur(1526-30AD) ✓ Humayun (1530-1540 ; 1555-56) ✓ Sher Shah Suri (1540-55) Mughal Empire ✓ Akbar (1556-1605) ✓ Jahangir (1605-1627) ✓ Shah Jahan(1627-1658) ✓ Aurangazeb (1657-1707) ✓ Central Administration ✓ Provincial Administration ✓ Local Administration ✓ Judicial and Military Mughal Administration ✓ Mansabdari and Jagirdari ✓ Revenue Administration ✓ Economy During Mughals ✓ Decline of Mughals ✓ The Marathas and their Policy of Expansion ✓ The Marathas and Nizam-ul-Mulk ✓ The Maratha Advance into Gujarat and Malwa ✓ The Maratha Advance into Doab and Punjab: ✓ First Phase (1741-52); Second Phase (1752-61) ✓ Third Battle of Panipat Maratha ✓ Shivaji (1627-1680) ✓ Shivaji’s administration ✓ Successors of Shivaji ✓ The Peshwas (1713-1818) ✓ Other Indian States (Bhonsles, Gaikwads,Holkars Sindhias) ✓ Economic Condition in 18th Century ✓ Social and Cultural Life ✓ Bahadur Shah ✓ Jalandhar Shah ✓ Farrukhsiyar ✓ Muhammad Shah Later Mughals ✓ Alamgir ✓ Shah Alam ✓ Nadir Shah ✓ Ahmad Shah Abdali UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 6  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS Modern Indian History ✓ Portuguese ✓ Dutch Advent of the Europeans ✓ English in India ✓ Danes ✓ French ✓ Why the English Succeeded against OtherEuropean Powers ✓ Challenges before the Mughals - External & Internal ✓ Causes of Decline of Mughal Empire India on the Eve of ✓ Rise of Regional States British Conquest ✓ Socio-Economic Conditions - Agriculture, Society & Culture, Education & Trade ✓ Annexation during British rules ✓ Causes of British Success in India ✓ British Conquest of Bengal Expansion and ✓ Carnatic Wars Consolidation of British ✓ Anglo-Mysore Wars Power in India ✓ Anglo-Maratha Wars ✓ Conquest of Sindh ✓ Conquest of Punjab Extension of British ✓ The Policy of Ring-Fence Paramountcy Through ✓ Subsidiary Alliance Administrative Policy ✓ Doctrine of Lapse & Wood's Despatch ✓ Anglo-Burmese Relations ✓ Anglo-Tibetan Relations Relations of British India ✓ Anglo-Afghan Relations with Neighbouring ✓ John Lawrence and the Policy of Masterly Inactivity Countries ✓ Lytton and the Policy of Proud Reserve ✓ British India and the North-West Frontier ✓ Civil Uprisings People’s Resistance ✓ Peasant Movements Against British Before ✓ Tribal Revolts 1857 ✓ Sepoy Mutinies ✓ Weaknesses of People’s Uprisings ✓ The 1857 Revolt: the Major Causes ✓ Beginning and Spread of the Revolt ✓ Suppression of the Revolt The Revolt of 1857 ✓ Why the Revolt Failed ✓ Hindu-Muslim Unity Factor ✓ Nature of the Revolt UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 7  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Consequences of the Revolt ✓ Significance of the Revolt ✓ Factors Giving Rise to Desire for Reform ✓ Impact of British Rule ✓ Opposition to Western Culture Socio-Religious Reform ✓ New Awareness among Enlightened Indians Movements ✓ Social and Ideological Bases of Reform ✓ Socio-Cultural Reform Movements and their Leaders ✓ Significance of Reform Movements ✓ Factors in the Growth of Modern Nationalism ✓ Political, Administrative and Economic Unification of the Country ✓ Western Thought and Education Beginning of Modern ✓ Role of Press and Literature Nationalism in India ✓ Rise of Middle Class Intelligentsia ✓ Impact of Contemporary Movements in the World ✓ Political Associations Before and after the Indian National Congress ✓ Foundation of Indian National Congress ✓ Safety Valve Indian National Congress ✓ Aims and Objectives of the Congress ✓ Congress Session ✓ Era of Moderates (1885-1905) Moderate Phase ✓ Contributions of Moderate Nationalists ✓ An Evaluation of the Early Nationalists ✓ Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) ✓ The Swadeshi and Boycott Movement ✓ The Movement under Extremist Leadership National Movement ✓ Annulment of Partition & Revolutionary Activity (1905-1918) ✓ Evaluation of the Swadeshi Movement ✓ Formation of Muslim League ✓ Surat Split ✓ Morley-Minto Reforms—1909 & its Evaluation ✓ Reasons for the Revolutionary Activities ✓ Revolutionary Activities in India ✓ Revolutionary Activities Abroad First Phase of ✓ First World War and Nationalist Response RevolutionaryActivities ✓ Home Rule League Movement (1907-1917) ✓ Lucknow Session of the Indian NationalCongress (1916) ✓ Montagu’s Statement of August 1917 & Indian Objections ✓ Gandhi’s Experience in South Africa Mass Nationalism Begins ✓ Emergence of Gandhi UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 8  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS (1919-1939) ✓ Reasons for Nationalist Resurgence ✓ Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms and Government of India Act, 1919 ✓ Champaran Satyagraha (1917)—First Civil Disobedience ✓ Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918)—First Hunger Strike ✓ Kheda Satyagraha (1918)—First Non- Cooperation ✓ Rowlatt Act & Satyagraha ✓ Jallianwala Bagh Massacre ✓ Hunter Committee ✓ Non-Cooperation Movement Non-Cooperation ✓ Khilafat Aandolan Movement and Khilafat ✓ Why Gandhi Withdrew the Movement Aandolan ✓ Evaluation of Khilafat Non-Cooperation Movement Emergence of Swarajists, ✓ Swarajists and No-Changers Socialist Ideas, ✓ Socialistic Ideas, Youth Power, TradeUnionism Revolutionary Activities ✓ Revolutionary Activity During the 1920s and Other New Forces ✓ Major Influences in Different Parts of India Simon Commission and ✓ Indian Statutory Commission - Simon Commission the Nehru Report ✓ Nehru Report ✓ Run-up to Civil Disobedience Movement ✓ Political Activity during 1929 ✓ Irwin’s Declaration ✓ Delhi Manifesto ✓ Lahore Congress and Purna Swaraj ✓ Salt Satyagraha Civil Disobedience ✓ Gandhi’s Eleven Demands Movement and Round ✓ Gandhi-Irwin Pact Table Conferences ✓ Evaluation of Civil Disobedience Movement ✓ Karachi Congress Session—1931 ✓ The Round Table Conferences ✓ Second Phase of CDM ✓ Communal Award and Poona Pact ✓ Gandhi’s Harijan Campaign ✓ Similarities between Gandhi and Ambedkar Debates on the Future ✓ Nehru’s Vision - Struggle-Victory Strategy after Civil ✓ Gandhi's Vision - Struggle Truce-Struggle Strategy Disobedience Movement ✓ Nehru’s Opposition to STS ✓ Features and Evaluations Government of India Act, ✓ Nationalists’ Response 1935 ✓ Congress Manifesto for Elections and Performance ✓ Congress Rule in Provinces and its Evaluation Towards Freedom and ✓ Nationalist Response in the Wake of World War II UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 9  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS Partition 1939-1947 ✓ Haripura and Tripuri Sessions ✓ Gandhi and Bose: Ideological Differences ✓ Congress Offer to Viceroy ✓ Government Attitude and Congress Ministries’ Resignation ✓ August Offer - Responses and Evaluation Second World War and ✓ Individual Satyagrahas Nationalistic Response ✓ Cripps Mission - Why it was sent? ✓ Cripps Mission - Main Proposals ✓ Why Cripps Mission Failed ✓ Quit India Resolution ✓ Spread of the Movement, Extent of Mass Participation and Government Repression Quit India Movement, ✓ Famine of 1943 Demand for Pakistan, ✓ Rajagopalachari Formula and the INA ✓ Desai-Liaqat Pact ✓ Wavell Plan - Muslim League and Congress Stand ✓ Indian National Army and Bose ✓ Congress Election Campaign and INA Trials ✓ INA Agitation ✓ Three Upsurges—Winter of 1945-46 Post-War National ✓ Election Results - Performance of League and Congress Scenario ✓ Significant Features of Elections ✓ Shimla Conference -1945 ✓ Cabinet Mission Plan—Main Points ✓ Communal Holocaust and the Interim Government ✓ Attlee’s Statement ✓ Mountbatten as the Viceroy Independence with ✓ Mountbatten Plan Partition ✓ Indian Independence Act ✓ Inevitability of Partition & Why CongressAccepted Partition ✓ Constitutional Development between 1773 and 1935 ✓ Evolution of Civil Services and British Military in India ✓ Development of Judiciary in British India ✓ British Social and Cultural Policy in India India Under British Rule ✓ British Policy Towards Princely States - Governance and Other ✓ British Foreign Policy in India Aspects ✓ Development of Indian Press ✓ Development of Education ✓ Peasant Movements & Famine Commissions 1857-1947 ✓ Movement of the Working Class Economic Impact of ✓ Deindustrialisation - Ruin of Artisans and Handicraftsmen British Rule in India ✓ Commercialisation of Indian Agriculture UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 10  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Freedom Fighters of Modern India Important Personalities ✓ Governor Generals and Viceroys Post Independence ✓ Radcliffe Commission, Composition and Challenges Challenges Before India ✓ Challenges Associated with Division of Resources After Independence ✓ Assassination of Gandhi ✓ Rehabilitation and Resettlement of Refugees ✓ Policy of Equal Federation (1935-1947) Indian States ✓ Integration and Merger of Indian States Making of the ✓ Constituent Assembly Constitution for India Challenge of Building ✓ Challenges before ECI and conduction of first general election Democracy ✓ Starting of one party dominance ✓ Panchsheel and Non-Alignment ✓ Relations with Neighbours ✓ Emergence of NAM and its Summits ✓ India and China Evolution of Nationalist ✓ India and Pakistan (Indo-Pak War, Kargil War, Shimla Foreign Policy Agreement, Tashkent Declaration and Agra Summit) ✓ India and Bangladesh (Creation of Bangladesh) ✓ India and its other Neighbours - Sri Lanka,Bhutan, Nepal ✓ India’s relations with USA and USSR during cold war ✓ Analysis of Nehruvian Foreign Policy First General Elections ✓ Challenges and Conduct of Elections ✓ Debate Over National Language ✓ Linguistic Reorganisation of the States Developments under ✓ Planning for Economic Development Nehru’s Leadership ✓ Progress of Science and Technology ✓ Social Development ✓ Lal Bahadur Shastri Years ✓ Economic Ideas ✓ Foreign Relations India After Nehru ✓ Indo-PAK Wars ✓ Tashkent Agreement and Death of Shastri ✓ Green Revolution ✓ Operation Flood and Cooperatives and Formation of Amul ✓ Abolition of intermediaries ✓ Tenancy reforms Development of Land ✓ Ceiling on land holdings Reforms in India ✓ Bhoodan Movement ✓ Beginning of Naxalite Movement - Naxalbari Uprising (1967) UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 11  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Development in Political System ✓ Socio-economic Policies ✓ Indo-PAK War 1971 and the Creation of Bangladesh Indira Gandhi - First ✓ Declaration of emergency (Crisis and Response) Phase (1966-77) ✓ Controversies regarding emergency ✓ Lessons from emergency ✓ Janta Party Years 1977 - 1980 ✓ Economy ✓ Foreign Relations ✓ Unrest in States ✓ Punjab Turmoil and Operation Blue Star -Anti-Sikh Riots Indira Gandhi - Second ✓ Agrarian Unrest Phase (1980-84) ✓ JP Movement - Economic Context, Gujarat and Bihar Movements, Conflict with Judiciary ✓ Basis of Regionalism - Politics in the states (Anandpur Sahib Resolution) World Geography ✓ Universe and Elements of Solar System ✓ Origin, Theories and Evolution of the Earth ✓ Geological History of the Earth - Geological Time Scale ✓ Motions Of the Earth - Inclination of the Earth’s Axis and its Effects ✓ Latitude And Longitude Including Important Parallels and Meridians ✓ Local And Standard Time And The International Date Line ✓ Eclipses – Solar, Lunar Origin and Evolution of ✓ Interior Structure of the Earth Universe Solar System ✓ Continents and Ocean Basins - ContinentalDrift Theory and and Earth Plate Tectonics Theory ✓ Major and Minor Tectonic Plates of the World ✓ Earth Movements - Endogenetic & Exogenetic ✓ Landform and its Development ✓ Rocks and its Types ✓ World Deserts and its evolution, characteristics ✓ Weathering and Denudation ✓ World Major Rivers, its evolution, characteristics ✓ Drainage Patterns ✓ Earthquake - Prediction, Causes, Types, Effects Important Geophysical ✓ Tsunami Phenomenon ✓ Volcanoes - Causes, Types, Distributions Atmosphere ✓ Structure, Composition Of Atmosphere UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 12  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Weather & Climate ✓ Solar Insolation and Heat Budget ✓ Air Pressure and Atmospheric Circulation ✓ Temperature and Pressure Belts ✓ Temperature Inversion ✓ Winds - Global and Local Winds ✓ Jet Streams ✓ Monsoons ✓ Precipitation - Forms & Types ✓ Distribution of Rainfall ✓ Humidity ✓ Lightning ✓ Cloud and its Types ✓ Air Masses and Fronts ✓ Cyclones - Tropical and Temperate ✓ El Nino and La Nina ✓ Indian Ocean Dipole ✓ Climate and its Classification - Koeppen ✓ World Climatic Regions ✓ Hydrological Cycle ✓ Climate Change issues ✓ Oceanic Relief Features ✓ Factors Controlling Ocean Temperature and its Distribution ✓ Factors Controlling Ocean Salinity and its Distribution ✓ Mapping from Oceans & Seas ✓ Ocean Deposits Oceans ✓ Coral Reefs - Conditions for Formation, Types and Importance ✓ Coral Bleaching ✓ Marine Resources ✓ Waves, Ocean Currents and Tides ✓ Continental shelves & trenches ✓ Structure and Composition of Soil ✓ Soil Profile and Horizons Soil and Natural ✓ Soil Classification Vegetation ✓ Soil Degradation and Conservation ✓ Natural Vegetation of the World ✓ Biogeochemical Cycles ✓ Factors affecting the Agriculture ✓ Types of Agriculture World Economic and ✓ Major Crops grown in World Human Geography ✓ Land Types and Land Use inagriculture ✓ Agricultural Practices and Techniques UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 13  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Animal Husbandry and Allied Activities (Apiculture, Sericulture, Fisheries etc) ✓ Crop Productivity, Crop Intensity and Agricultural Efficiency ✓ Mineral Resources - Types & Distribution ✓ Conservation of Minerals Resources ✓ Energy Resources - Types & Distribution ✓ Conservation of Energy Resources ✓ Major Industries - Classification & Industrial Regions of the World ✓ Major Industries of the World - Iron andSteel, Cotton, Sugar and IT etc ✓ Transport - Land, Water, Air, Railways, Ports ✓ Communication - Satellite, Cyber Space ✓ Population - Growth, Composition and Distribution of World Population ✓ Nature and Scope ✓ Primary Activities ✓ Demographic Transition - Stages ✓ Demographic Attributes ✓ Tertiary, Quaternary and Quinary Activities ✓ Urbanisation - Causes, Stages and Problems ✓ Classification of Urbanisation ✓ Races and Tribes of the World Mapping ✓ Map Based Questions from World Indian Geography ✓ Geographical Location and Extension General Introduction ✓ International Border Lines of India ✓ Political and Administrative Divisions ✓ Geological Structure and Physiographic Division of India ✓ Classification of Indian Rock System ✓ Himalayan - Classification and Significant Features Physical Geography of ✓ Northern Plains - Classification and Significant Features India ✓ Peninsular Plateau - Classification and Significant Features ✓ Coastal Plains - Classification and Significant Features ✓ Island - Classification and SignificantFeatures ✓ Desert - Classification and SignificantFeatures ✓ Drainage Pattern of Indian Rivers ✓ Himalayan Drainage System Drainage System ✓ Peninsular Drainage System ✓ Rivers and its tributaries ✓ National River Linking Project UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 14  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Water harvesting system - Modern and Traditional ✓ Lakes and Waterfalls ✓ Wetlands ✓ Manmade Waterbodies ✓ Factors Affecting the Climate of India ✓ The Indian Monsoon - Theories, Jet Streams and Tibet Plateau ✓ Seasonality and Distribution of Rainfall in India ✓ Western Disturbances Climate of India ✓ Climatic Regions of India ✓ El-Nino & La-Nina ✓ Tropical Cyclones ✓ Tsunami ✓ Landslides ✓ Major and Minor Soils of India Indian Soils ✓ Soil Erosion, Degradation and Conservation ✓ Factors affecting Indian Forests and their Distribution ✓ Classification of Indian Forests ✓ Problems of Indian Forestry Natural Vegetation of ✓ Forest Conservation India ✓ Forest Fires ✓ Forest Legislations ✓ Indian State of Forest Report (ISFR) - Recent ✓ Social Forestry and its Types ✓ Factors affecting Indian Agriculture ✓ Types of Indian Agricultural System ✓ Major Revolution - Green, White, Blue, Apiculture, Sericulture and Horticulture ✓ Major Crops Grown In India and CroppingPatterns in India Indian Agriculture ✓ Agriculture crops production in India ✓ Agro-Climatic Regions ✓ Challenges of Indian Agriculture ✓ Land Reforms And Land Use Pattern ✓ Animal Husbandry ✓ Irrigation, its types and Major Irrigation Projects ✓ Mineral Resources - Classification, Distribution, Conservation ✓ Mineral Belts of India ✓ Energy Resources - Classification andEnergy Crisis, Policies Indian Economic and ✓ Industries - Factors affecting Locations, Major Industries in Human Geography India ✓ Major and Minor Industrial Regions of India ✓ Industrial Policies - 1991 and RecentUpdates ✓ Modes of Transport - Land, Water, Air,Railways, Ports UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 15  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Communication - Postal, Telegraph, Satellite, Cyber Space ✓ Trade Trends and Policies of India ✓ Population in India - Population Growth and Trends, Demographic Composition ✓ Demographic Dividend ✓ National Population Policy, 2000 ✓ Urbanisation and Settlements - Rural andUrban ✓ Cultural Regions of India - Races, Tribes ✓ Regional Development and Planning Mapping ✓ Map Based Questions from India Polity ✓ The Company Rule (1773-1858) Historical Background ✓ The Crown Rule (1858-1947) ✓ Demand for a Constituent Assembly ✓ Composition of the Constituent Assembly ✓ Working of the Constituent Assembly ✓ Committees of the Constituent Assembly Making of the Constitution ✓ Enactment of the Constitution ✓ Enforcement of the Constitution ✓ Experts Committee of the Congress Criticism of the Constituent Assembly ✓ Important Facts Hindi Text of the Constitution Notes and References Salient Features of the ✓ Salient Features of the Constitution Constitution ✓ Criticism of the Constitution ✓ Text of the Preamble ✓ Ingredients of the Preamble Preamble of the ✓ Key Words in the Preamble Constitution ✓ Significance of the Preamble ✓ Preamble as Part of the Constitution ✓ Amendability of the Preamble ✓ Union of States ✓ Parliament's Power to Reorganise theStates Union and its Territory ✓ Exchange of Territories with Bangladesh ✓ Evolution of States and Union Territories ✓ Meaning and Significance ✓ Constitutional Provisions ✓ Citizenship Act, 1955 Citizenship ✓ Single Citizenship ✓ Overseas Citizenship of India ✓ Notes and References ✓ Features of Fundamental Rights Fundamental Rights ✓ Definition of State Laws Inconsistent withFundamental Rights Right to Equality UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 16  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Right to Freedom ✓ Right Against Exploitation ✓ Right to Freedom of Religion ✓ Cultural and Educational Rights ✓ Right to Constitutional Remedies ✓ Writs-Types and Scope ✓ Armed Forces and Fundamental Rights ✓ Martial Law and Fundamental Rights ✓ Effecting Certain Fundamental RightsPresent Position of Right to Property ✓ Exceptions to Fundamental Rights ✓ Criticism of Fundamental Rights ✓ Significance of Fundamental Rights ✓ Rights Outside Part III ✓ Features of the Directive Principles ✓ Classification of the Directive Principles ✓ New Directive Principles ✓ Sanction Behind Directive Principles Directive Principles of State ✓ Criticism of the Directive Principles Policy ✓ Utility of Directive Principles ✓ Conflict Between Fundamental Rights andDirective Principles ✓ Implementation of Directive Principles ✓ Directives Outside Part IV ✓ Swaran Singh CommitteeRecommendations ✓ List of Fundamental Duties ✓ Features of the Fundamental Duties Fundamental Duties ✓ Criticism of Fundamental Duties ✓ Significance of Fundamental Duties ✓ Verma Committee Observations Notes andReferences ✓ Procedure for Amendment Amendment of the ✓ Types of Amendments Constitution ✓ Criticism of the Amendment Procedure Basic Structure of the ✓ Emergence of the Basic Structure Constitution ✓ Elements of the Basic Structure ✓ Features of Parliamentary Government ✓ Features of Presidential Government ✓ Merits of the Parliamentary System Parliamentary System ✓ Demerits of the Parliamentary System ✓ Reasons for Adopting ParliamentarySystem ✓ Distinction between Indian and BritishModels ✓ Federal Features of the Constitution Federal System ✓ Unitary Features of the Constitution ✓ Critical Evaluation of the Federal System ✓ Legislative Relations Centre-State Relations ✓ Administrative Relations UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 17  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Financial Relations ✓ Trends in Centre-State Relations ✓ Inter-State Water Disputes ✓ Inter-State Councils Inter-State Relations ✓ Public Acts, Records and JudicialProceedings ✓ Inter-State Trade and Commerce ✓ Zonal Councils ✓ National Emergency ✓ President's Rule Emergency Provisions ✓ Financial Emergency ✓ Criticism of the Emergency Provisions ✓ Election of the President ✓ Qualifications, Oath and Conditions ✓ Term, Impeachment and Vacancy ✓ Powers and Functions of the President President ✓ Veto Power of the President ✓ Ordinance-Making Power of the President ✓ Pardoning Power of the President ✓ Constitutional Position of the President ✓ Election ✓ Qualifications, Oath and Conditions Vice-President ✓ Term and Vacancy ✓ Powers and Functions ✓ Indian and American Vice-PresidentsCompared ✓ Appointment of the Prime Minister ✓ Oath, Term and Salary ✓ Powers and Functions of the Prime Minister Prime Minister ✓ Role Descriptions ✓ Relationship with the President ✓ Chief Ministers who became PrimeMinisters ✓ Constitutional Provisions ✓ Nature of Advice by Ministers ✓ Appointment of Ministers ✓ Oath and Salary of Ministers Central Council of ✓ Responsibility of Ministers Ministers ✓ Composition of the Council of Ministers ✓ Council of Ministers vs Cabinet ✓ Role of Cabinet ✓ Role Descriptions ✓ Kitchen Cabinet ✓ Features of Cabinet Committees ✓ List of Cabinet Committees Cabinet Committees ✓ Functions of Cabinet Committees ✓ Groups of Ministers Parliament ✓ Organization of Parliament UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 18  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Composition of the Two Houses ✓ System of Elections to Lok Sabha ✓ Duration of Two Houses ✓ Membership of Parliament ✓ Presiding Officers of Parliament ✓ Leaders in Parliament ✓ Sessions of Parliament ✓ Devices of Parliamentary Proceedings ✓ Legislative Procedure in Parliament ✓ Joint Sitting of Two Houses ✓ Budget in Parliament ✓ Multifunctional Role of Parliament ✓ Ineffectiveness of Parliamentary Control ✓ Position of Rajya Sabha ✓ Parliamentary Privileges ✓ Sovereignty of Parliament ✓ Meaning Classification ✓ Financial Committees ✓ Departmental Standing Committees ✓ Committees to Inquire Parliamentary Committees ✓ Committees to Scrutinize and Control ✓ Committees Relating to the Day-to-DayBusiness of the House ✓ House-Keeping Committees ✓ Consultative Committees ✓ Establishment of the Forums ✓ Objectives of the Forums Parliamentary Forums ✓ Composition of the Forums ✓ Functions of the Forums ✓ Rationale of the Group ✓ Composition of the Group ✓ Objectives of the Group Parliamentary Group ✓ Functions of the Group ✓ The Group and IPU ✓ The Group and CPA ✓ Composition and Appointment ✓ Qualifications, Oath and Salaries ✓ Tenure and Removal ✓ Acting, Adhoc and Retired Judges ✓ Seat and Procedure Supreme Court ✓ Independence of Supreme Court ✓ Jurisdiction and Powers of Supreme Court ✓ Supreme Court Advocates ✓ Various Doctrines ✓ Criminal Justice Laws, codes Judicial Review ✓ Meaning of Judicial Review UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 19  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Importance of Judicial Review ✓ Constitutional Provisions for JudicialReview ✓ Scope of Judicial Review ✓ Judicial Review of the Ninth Schedule ✓ Meaning of Judicial Activism ✓ Judicial Review and Judicial Activism ✓ Justification of Judicial Activism Judicial Activism ✓ Activators of Judicial Activism ✓ Apprehensions of Judicial Activism ✓ Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Restraint ✓ Meaning of PIL ✓ Features of PIL Guidelines for Admitting PIL Public Interest Litigation ✓ Scope of PIL ✓ Principles of PIL ✓ Guidelines for Admitting PIL ✓ Appointment of Governor ✓ Conditions of Governor's Office Governor ✓ Term of Governor's Office ✓ Powers and Functions of Governor ✓ Constitutional Position of Governor ✓ Appointment of Chief Minister ✓ Oath, Term and Salary Chief Minister ✓ Powers and Functions of Chief Minister ✓ Relationship with the Governor ✓ Constitutional Provisions ✓ Nature of Advice by Ministers ✓ Appointment of Ministers State Council of ✓ Oath and Salary of Ministers Ministers ✓ Responsibility of Ministers ✓ Composition of the Council of Ministers ✓ Cabinet ✓ Organisation of State Legislature ✓ Duration of Two Houses ✓ Composition of Two Houses ✓ Membership of State Legislature State Legislature ✓ Presiding Officers of State Legislature ✓ Sessions of State Legislature ✓ Legislative Procedure in State Legislature ✓ Position of Legislative Council ✓ Privileges of State Legislature ✓ Composition and Appointment High Court ✓ Qualifications, Oath and Salaries ✓ Tenure, Removal and Transfer UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 20  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Acting, Additional and Retired Judges ✓ Independence of High Court ✓ Jurisdiction and Powers of High Court ✓ Administrative Tribunals Tribunals ✓ Tribunals for Other Matters ✓ Constitutional Provisions ✓ Structure and Jurisdiction ✓ National Legal Services Authority Subordinate Courts ✓ Lok Adalats ✓ Permanent Lok Adalats ✓ Family Courts Gram Nyayalayas ✓ Provisions for Maharashtra and Gujarat ✓ Provisions for Nagaland ✓ Provisions for Assam and Manipur Special Provisions for ✓ Provisions for Andhra Pradesh or Telangana Some States ✓ Provisions for Arunachal Pradesh and Goa ✓ Provisions for Sikkim ✓ Provisions for Mizoram ✓ Evolution of Panchayati Raj ✓ 73rd Amendment Act of 1992 ✓ Compulsory and Voluntary Provisions Panchayati Raj ✓ PESA Act of 1996 (Extension Act) ✓ Finances of Panchayati Raj ✓ Reasons for Ineffective Performance ✓ Evolution of Urban Bodies ✓ 74th Amendment Act of 1992 ✓ Types of Urban Governments Municipalities ✓ Municipal Personnel ✓ Municipal Revenue ✓ Central Council of Local Government ✓ Creation of Union Territories ✓ Administration of Union Territories Union Territories ✓ Special Provisions for Delhi ✓ Advisory Committees of Union Territories Scheduled and Tribal ✓ Administration of Scheduled Areas Areas ✓ Administration of Tribal Areas ✓ Composition ✓ Independence Election Commission ✓ Powers and Functions ✓ Vision, Mission and Principles ✓ Composition Union Public Service ✓ Removal Commission ✓ Independence UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 21  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Functions ✓ Limitations ✓ Role ✓ Composition ✓ Removal ✓ Independence State Public Service ✓ Functions Commission ✓ Limitations ✓ Role ✓ Joint State Public Service Commission ✓ Composition Finance Commission ✓ Functions ✓ Advisory Role ✓ Establishment of the Council ✓ Vision and Mission of the Council Goods and Services Tax ✓ Composition of the Council Council ✓ Working of the Council ✓ Functions of the Council ✓ Other Functions of the Council ✓ Evolution of the Commission National Commission for ✓ Functions of the Commission SCs ✓ Report of the Commission ✓ Powers of the Commission ✓ Separate Commission for STS ✓ Functions of the Commission National Commission for ✓ Other Functions of the Commission STS ✓ Report of the Commission ✓ Powers of the Commission ✓ Establishment of the Commission National Commission for ✓ Functions of the Commission BCs ✓ Report of the Commission ✓ Powers of the Commission ✓ Constitutional Provisions ✓ Role of the Commissioner Special Officer for ✓ Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities Linguistic Minorities ✓ Vision and Mission ✓ Functions and Objectives ✓ Appointment and Term ✓ Independence Comptroller and Auditor ✓ Duties and Powers General of India ✓ Role ✓ Cag and Corporations ✓ Appleby's Criticism UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 22  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Appointment and Term Attorney General of ✓ Duties and Functions India ✓ Rights and Limitations ✓ Solicitor General of India Advocate General of the ✓ Appointment and Term State ✓ Duties and Functions ✓ Quasijudicial Bodies ✓ Statutory ✓ Regulatory ✓ Establishment ✓ Rationale ✓ Composition ✓ Specialised Wings ✓ Objectives ✓ Functions NITI Aayog ✓ Guiding Principles ✓ Cooperative Federalism ✓ Criticism ✓ Attached Offices ✓ Erstwhile Planning Commission ✓ National Development Council ✓ Establishment of the Commission ✓ Composition of the Commission National Human Rights ✓ Functions of the Commission Commission ✓ Working of the Commission ✓ Role of the Commission ✓ Performance of the Commission ✓ Composition of the Commission ✓ Functions of the Commission State Human Rights ✓ Working of the Commission Commission ✓ Human Rights Courts ✓ 2019 Amendment Act ✓ Composition Central Information ✓ Tenure and Service Conditions Commission ✓ Powers and Functions ✓ Composition State Information ✓ Tenure and Service Conditions Commission ✓ Powers and Functions ✓ RTI Amendment Act, 2019 ✓ Establishment Central Vigilance ✓ Composition Commission ✓ Organisation UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 23  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Working ✓ Functions ✓ Jurisdiction ✓ Vigilance Units in the Ministries ✓ Whistle Blowers Protection Act (2014) ✓ Establishment of CBI ✓ Motto, Mission and Vision of CBI ✓ Organisation of CBI Central Bureau of ✓ Composition of CBI Investigation ✓ Functions of CBI ✓ Provision of Prior Permission ✓ CBI vs. State Police ✓ CBI Academy ✓ Global Scenario ✓ Position in India Lokpal and Lokayuktas ✓ Lokpal ✓ Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act (2013) ✓ Lokayuktas ✓ Establishment of the NIA ✓ Rationale of the NIA ✓ Functions of the NIA National Investigation ✓ Vision of the NIA Agency ✓ Mission of the NIA ✓ Jurisdiction of the NIA ✓ NIA (Amendment) Act, 2019 ✓ Establishment of the NDMA ✓ Objectives of the NDMA National Disaster ✓ Functions of the NDMA Management Authority ✓ Additional Functions of the NDMA ✓ State Disaster Management Authority ✓ District Disaster Management Authority ✓ Constitutional Provisions Co-operative Societies ✓ Reasons for the 97th Amendment ✓ Language of the Union ✓ Regional Languages ✓ Language of the Judiciary and Texts of Laws Official Language ✓ Special Directives ✓ Committee of Parliament on Official Language ✓ Classical Language Status ✓ Classification of Services Public Services ✓ Constitutional Provisions Rights and Liabilities of the ✓ Property of the Union and the States UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 24  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS Government ✓ Suits by or Against the Government ✓ Suits Against Public Officials ✓ Rationale of Special Provisions Special Provisions Relating ✓ Specification of Classes to Certain Classes ✓ Components of Special Provisions ✓ Meaning and Types Party System in India Political Parties ✓ Recognition of National and State Parties ✓ Features of Regional Parties ✓ Classification of Regional Parties Role of Regional Parties ✓ Rise of Regional Parties ✓ Role of Regional Parties ✓ Dysfunctions of Regional Parties ✓ Electoral System Elections ✓ Election Machinery ✓ Election Process ✓ Representation of the People Act, 1950 ✓ Representation of the People Act, 1951 ✓ Delimitation Act, 2002 Election Laws ✓ Other Acts Relating to Elections ✓ Rules Relating to Elections ✓ Orders Relating to Elections ✓ Committees Related to Electoral Reforms ✓ Electoral Reforms Before 1996 Electoral Reforms ✓ Electoral Reforms of 1996 ✓ Electoral Reforms After 1996 ✓ Electoral Reforms Since 2010 ✓ Meaning of Voting Behaviour ✓ Significance of Voting Behaviour Voting Behaviour ✓ Determinants of Voting Behaviour ✓ Role of Media in Elections and Voting Behaviour ✓ Meaning of Coalition Government ✓ Features of Coalition Government Coalition Government ✓ Formation of Coalition Governments ✓ Merits of Coalition Government ✓ Demerits of Coalition Government ✓ Provisions of the Act Anti-Defection Law ✓ Evaluation of the Act ✓ 91st Amendment Act (2003) ✓ Meaning and Techniques Pressure Groups ✓ Pressure Groups in India ✓ Meaning of National Integration National Integration ✓ Obstacles to National Integration ✓ National Integration Council UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 25  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ National Foundation for Communal Harmony ✓ Principles of Indian Foreign Policy ✓ Objectives of Indian Foreign Policy ✓ Gujral Doctrine of India Foreign Policy ✓ Nuclear Doctrine of India ✓ Connect Central Asia Policy of India ✓ Act East Policy of India ✓ Terms of Reference of the Commission National Commission to ✓ Fifty Years of Working of the Constitution Review the Working of ✓ Areas of Concern: Commission's Perception: the Constitution ✓ Recommendations of the Commission ✓ Earlier Efforts to Review the Constitution Economy ✓ Macro, Micro and Meso economics ✓ Liberal and Neo-liberal Economics ✓ Keynesian Economics Economy and Economics ✓ Socialist and Communist Economics ✓ Development Economics ✓ Behavioural Economics ✓ Green Economics ✓ Business Cycles: Slowdown, Recession, Great Recession and Depression. ✓ Measuring Economic Growth.......... ✓ Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and GrossNational Product (GNP) Economic Growth and its ✓ Transfer Payments Measures ✓ Factors of Production.......... ✓ Market Price and Factor Cost.. ✓ GDP and NDP.... ✓ National Income and Statistics in India ✓ Indian Economy: Sectors and their Components ✓ Structural Change and Composition of Economy ✓ Human Development Index (HDI). ✓ Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI). ✓ Gross National Happiness (GNH). Growth and ✓ Happiness Index. Development - Alternative ✓ Green GDP Measures ✓ Developed, Developing and LeastDeveloped Countries.. ✓ World Bank Classification. Planned Economy ✓ History of Economic Planning in India. UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 26  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS Development and NITI ✓ Mixed Economy. Aayog ✓ Planning Goals.. ✓ Financial Resources for Five-Year Plans ✓ Achievements of Planning ✓ India and the Manufacturing Sector ✓ NITI Aayog... ✓ Strengths of the Indian Economy. ✓ Five Trillion US$ and Macroeconomic Stability. ✓ Investment-led Growth for Five Trillion Dollar Economy.. Five Trillion Dollar ✓ Agriculture and Five Trillion DollarEconomy Economy ✓ Manufacturing and Five Trillion US$ ✓ Services and Five Trillion Dollar Economy. ✓ Exports and Five Trillion Dollar Economy ✓ Industry 4.0 and Five Trillion Dollar Economy ✓ Fiscal Policy: Definitions ✓ Revenue Account and Revenue Expenditure.. ✓ Deficits and Deficit Financing ✓ Fiscal Stimulus ✓ FRBM Act... ✓ Fiscal Consolidation. ✓ Off Budget Financing... ✓ Zero Base Budgeting (ZBB). Fiscal Policy ✓ Plan and Non-plan Expenditure Classification. ✓ Domestic Savings in India and Trends ✓ Public Debt. ✓ External Debt. ✓ Rupee Debt ✓ India and Sovereign Bonds. ✓ External and Internal Debt Management. ✓ Debt-GDP Ratio ✓ Monetary Policy and Supply ✓ Monetary Aggregates.. ✓ Demonetization.. ✓ Indian Financial Code (IFC). ✓ Monetary Policy Committee (MPC). Monetary and Credit ✓ Monetary Policy Framework Agreement. Policy ✓ Monetary Policy Transmission. ✓ Repo Rate and Deposit Rate Linkage 2019. ✓ The Reserve Bank of India. ✓ Bimal Jalan Committee on Economic Capital Framework. ✓ RBI and its Subsidiaries. ✓ Financial Stability and DevelopmentCouncil (FSDC). UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 27  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Macro Prudential Analysis.... ✓ ✓ Money Market. ✓ Discount and Finance House of India (DFHI) ✓ London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) ✓ Mumbai Interbank Offered Rate (MIBOR) Money Market and ✓ Money Market Reforms. Capital Market in India - ✓ Capital Market.. Instruments and ✓ State Development Loan (SDL) Dynamics ✓ Private Equity.. ✓ Hundi. ✓ Chit Funds... ✓ Credit Default Swap (CDS). ✓ Infrastructure Debt Funds (IDFs) ✓ Terms and Concepts of Capital Market ✓ Stock Exchange ✓ Primary Market and Secondary Market ✓ Stock Exchanges in India and SEBI ✓ Capital Market Reforms. ✓ Derivatives and Futures ✓ Buyback of Shares, ✓ Anchor Investor ✓ Global Depository Receipts (GDR) and American Depository Receipts (ADRs). ✓ Foreign Portfolio Investor (FPI). Stock Market ✓ Commodity Exchanges... ✓ Stock Markets and Macroeconomy ✓ Important Indices in the World ✓ Blue Chip ✓ Large cap, Midcap or Small Cap Company.. ✓ MPS Norms ✓ Shariah Index ✓ Types of Shares ✓ Power Exchanges. ✓ Dabba Trading ✓ Inflation and its Types ✓ Measures of Inflation. ✓ Causes of Inflation.. Inflation - Concepts, ✓ Effects of Inflation Facts and Policy ✓ Price Stability and Optimal Inflation. GDP, Potential GDP and Inflation. ✓ Inflation and Corruption. UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 28  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Inflation Targeting... ✓ New CPI Series 2015. ✓ Food Price Indices. ✓ Residex. ✓ Growth-Inflation Trade Off.. ✓ Government Steps to Control Inflation.. ✓ Taxation in India. ✓ Tax Reforms in India ✓ Direct and Indirect Tax Ratio.. ✓ Tax to GDP Ratio ✓ Broadening Tax Base. ✓ Tax Amnesty Schemes. ✓ Direct Taxes Code (DTC). ✓ Capital Gains Tax... ✓ Inverted Duty Structure ✓ Tax Expenditure... ✓ Tax Havens ✓ Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS). ✓ Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA). Taxation ✓ Rationalization of DTAA.. ✓ General Anti Avoidance Rules (GAAR). ✓ Place of Effective Management (POEM). ✓ Tax Information Exchange Agreements (TIEA) ✓ Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters.... ✓ Transfer Pricing and APA.. ✓ Tobin Tax..... ✓ Pigovian Tax ✓ Goods and Services Tax (GST) ✓ Electronic Way Bill (E-Way Bill). ✓ GST and Federalism. ✓ Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT).. ✓ Some Tax Related Terms. ✓ Commercial Banks. ✓ Safety of Banks and Basel Norms.. ✓ Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 and Amendments ✓ Twin Balance Sheet (TBS) Challenge.. Banking System in India ✓ Public Sector Asset Rehabilitation Agency (PARA) ✓ Bank Consolidation ✓ Financial Service Institutions Bureau (FSIB) ✓ Small Finance Banks (SFBs). ✓ Payments Bank UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 29  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ India Post Payments Bank (IPPB). ✓ Regional Rural Banks (RRBs). ✓ MUDRA Bank. ✓ FDI In Banks ✓ Foreign Banks: Subsidiary Vs Branch. ✓ Development Banks. ✓ Co-operative Banks ✓ Shadow Banks ✓ Universal Banking in India. ✓ Bank Run. ✓ Priority Sector Lending ✓ Public Sector - Evolution, Reforms and Performance ✓ Disinvestment and Privatization ✓ Government Policy on Disinvestment/Privatization ✓ Bharat 22.. Public Sector - Evolution, ✓ Methods of Disinvestment of Minority Stake in CPSES. Reforms and ✓ Use of Disinvestment Proceeds Performance ✓ Maharatna, Navaratna and Miniratna Companies ✓ Challenges for PSUs.. ✓ Ad-hoc Group of Experts (AGE) Report ✓ Purchase Preference Policy. ✓ India's Exim Policy: Its Evolution and Content ✓ India's Trade Reforms Since 1991. ✓ Foreign Trade Policy 2015-20.. ✓ Agri-Export Policy 2018.... ✓ India's Exports and Imports: Merchandise Exports.. ✓ Challenges to Boosting India's Exports.. ✓ GST and Exports ✓ Important Schemes ✓ Export and Trading Houses. Foreign Trade ✓ Institutional Infrastructure.. ✓ States and Export Efforts. ✓ Trade Finance ✓ Free Trade Arrangements and India.. ✓ Free Trade Agreements (FTAs): Pros and Cons ✓ South-South Trade. ✓ Non-Tariff Barriers. ✓ Quantitative Restrictions. ✓ Some Important terms. ✓ Benefits of FDI. Foreign Direct ✓ Costs of FDI.... Investment ✓ Incentives to FDI UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 30  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ India's FDI Policy... ✓ Recent Trends in FDI ✓ Change in FDI in Different Sector ✓ Current Account and Capital Account.. ✓ India's Balance of Payments (BOP) Crisis in 1991. ✓ Balance of Payments and Invisibles... ✓ Currency Convertibility... ✓ FEMA and FERA... Balance of Payments ✓ Currency Swap Agreements. ✓ Exchange Rate. ✓ Currency Appreciation and its effects. ✓ Sovereign Wealth Fund. ✓ Dutch Disease... ✓ External Sector ✓ Food Grain Production (Recent Year) ✓ Accounting for Success in Agriculture. ✓ Government Initiatives... ✓ Capital Formation in Indian Agriculture. ✓ Agricultural Price Policy in India. ✓ Terms of Trade (ToT).... ✓ Taxing Agricultural Income. ✓ Sustainable Agriculture...... ✓ Sustainable Agriculture and WaterManagement. ✓ Soil Health. Indian Agriculture ✓ Zero Budget Natural Farming in India ✓ Indian Agriculture and Climate Change. ✓ Extension Services....... ✓ Agri-clinic and Agribusiness Centre. ✓ Rural Credit. ✓ Microfinance.... ✓ Agriculture Reforms.. ✓ Organic Farming ✓ Agri-credit ✓ Kisan Credit Card ✓ Types of Infrastructure.. ✓ National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre (NCIIPC) ✓ Financing Infrastructure. Infrastructure ✓ India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL).. ✓ Hybrid-Annuity Model (HAM) ✓ Toll-Operate-Transfer (TOT). ✓ Swiss Challenge and BOOT model, Beed model UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 31  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Viability Gap Funding ✓ Plug and Play Model and ✓ Infrastructure Debt Fund ✓ InvITs and REITs. ✓ Engineering, Procurement, Construction (EPC) Contract and Turnkey ✓ Green Bonds.. ✓ PPP: Right Model.. ✓ Affordable Housing.. ✓ Infrastructure Status.... ✓ Concerns related to Infrastructure Sector ✓ Kelkar Committee 2015. ✓ National Investment and Manufacturing Zones (NIMZS). ✓ Industrial Corridors ✓ Defence Corridor.... ✓ Industrial Parks Infrastructure Policies ✓ National Highways Development Project (NHDP) and Government ✓ Sagarmala Project Initiatives ✓ Bharatmala Project ✓ India's Inland Waterways. ✓ Land Pooling Vs Land Acquisition... ✓ Exclusive Economic Zones ✓ Special Economic Zones ✓ Concepts, Data, Policy and Analysis ✓ Poverty and its Types ✓ Measurement of Poverty ✓ World Bank and Poverty Definitions. ✓ Planning Commission and Poverty. ✓ Urban Poverty. ✓ Major Committees on Poverty Poverty ✓ Eradication of Poverty. ✓ Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) ✓ Niti Aayog Task Force on Poverty Elimination ✓ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ✓ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). ✓ Universal Basic Income (UBI), ✓ Basic Income in India ✓ Poverty is a Cognitive Tax. ✓ Development Economics.. Poverty Eradication and ✓ Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). Randomized Controlled ✓ Nobel Prize for Economics. Trials ✓ Education.... UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 32  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Health.. ✓ Microcredit. ✓ Gender and Politics ✓ Bounded Rationality. ✓ Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J- PAL) ✓ Effects of Economic Inequality. ✓ Measurement of Inequality ✓ Measures to Decrease Inequality in India ✓ Economic Inequality in India ✓ Balanced Regional Development (BRD) and Inclusive Growth Economic Inequality ✓ Aspirational Districts Programme. Inequality and Economic Growth. ✓ Social Security... ✓ Social Safety Net. ✓ Globalization and Inequality. ✓ Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Inequality.. ✓ Types of Unemployment.. ✓ Natural Rate of Unemployment or FullEmployment... ✓ Causes of Unemployment... ✓ Consequences of Unemployment. ✓ Official Unemployment Estimates.. ✓ Classification. ✓ Jobless Growth.. ✓ Labour Productivity. Employment, Skills and ✓ Child Labour in India Labour in India ✓ India and International Labor Organization (ILO) Conventions. ✓ Skill Development.. ✓ National Skill Development Mission.... ✓ Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKY). ✓ Demographic Dividend.. ✓ Economic Globalization and Employment.. ✓ Gig Economy ✓ Recent Trends of Unemployment in India ✓ Groups. ✓ Education.... ✓ Health.. Global Financial ✓ Microcredit. Architecture ✓ Gender and Politics ✓ Bounded Rationality. ✓ Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J- PAL) Economic Inequality ✓ Effects of Economic Inequality. UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 33  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS Ecology and Environment ✓ Environment ✓ Habitat ✓ Habitat vs Environment Environment, Habitat ✓ Ecosystem and Ecosystem ✓ Classification of Ecosystems ✓ Ecosystem vs Environment vs Ecology ✓ Components of an Ecosystem - Abiotic and Biotic ✓ Levels of Organizations in Ecology - Individual and Species, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Ecotone,Biosphere Ecology – Principles and ✓ Principles of Ecology - Adaptation, Variation, Speciation, Organizations Mutation, Natural Selection, Evolution, Extinction Functions of an ✓ Ecological Succession Ecosystem ✓ Stages in Ecological Succession - Primary and Secondary – Succession and ✓ Homeostasis Homeostasis ✓ Food Chain - Grazing and Detritus Functions of an ✓ Food Web Ecosystem ✓ Types of Biotic Interactions in a Food Web – Trophic Levels ✓ Ecological Pyramids, Types and Limitations ✓ Biomagnification – Pollutants and TrophicLevel ✓ Types of Nutrient Cycles - Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulphur, Water, Phosphorus, Methane Functions of an ✓ Nitrogen Fixing – N2 to Ammonia (NH3) Ecosystem ✓ Nitrification – Ammonia to Nitrites and Nitrates – Biogeochemical Cycling ✓ Ammonification – Urea, Uric Acid to NH3 to Nitrite ✓ Denitrification – Nitrate to Nitrogen ✓ Methane Emissions and Sink ✓ Terrestrial Ecosystems or Biomes ✓ Tundra Biome ✓ Taiga or Boreal Biome ✓ Temperate Deciduous Biome (North- Western Europe – British Type Climate) ✓ Temperate Rainforest Biome ✓ Sub-Tropical Deciduous Biome in Eastern China, South-eastern Natural Ecosystems USA ✓ Steppe or Temperate Grassland Biome ✓ Temperate Deciduous Biome (Mediterranean) ✓ Tropical Deciduous Biome (MonsoonClimate) ✓ Savanna or Tropical Wet and Dry Biome ✓ Tropical Rainforest Biome ✓ Desert Biome UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 34  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Aquatic Organisms Aquatic Ecosystems ✓ Factors Limiting the Productivity ✓ Quantifying the Economic Value of Natural Ecosystems (Ecosystem valuation) Natural Ecosystem ✓ The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) Servicesand Goods ✓ Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) ✓ Ecosystem Services by Seagrass ✓ Ecosystem Services by Seaweed ✓ Differences Between Wetlands and Lakes ✓ Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem ✓ Differences between Lagoon and Estuary ✓ Importance of Estuaries ✓ Estuarine Vegetation ✓ Indian Estuarine Ecosystem ✓ Threats Faced by the Estuarine Ecosystem ✓ Mangroves ✓ Adaptive Mechanism of Mangroves ✓ Mangroves in India ✓ Global Status of Mangrove Cover Wetland Ecosystem ✓ Importance of mangroves ✓ Threats to Mangroves ✓ Importance of Wetlands ✓ Reasons for the Depletion of Wetlands ✓ Mitigation of Wetland Destruction ✓ Measures to Protect Wetlands of India ✓ National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Eco-systems (NPCA) ✓ Wetlands (Conservation-Management) Rules 2010 ✓ Wetlands (Conservation-Management) Rules 2017 ✓ Measures to Protect Global Wetlands ✓ Ramsar Convention on Wetlands ✓ Ramsar Site ✓ Terms Related to Biodiversity ✓ Biodiversity - Genetic, Species and Ecological ✓ Endemism ✓ Species Types ✓ Bioprospecting Biodiversity and Loss of ✓ Biopiracy Biodiversity ✓ Biodiversity of India ✓ Realms ✓ Biomes, Biogeographic Zones and Provinces ✓ Biodiversity Hot Spots ✓ Biodiversity Hotspots in India UPSC Question Bank – www.scoolofupsc.com Page | 35  GENERAL STUDIES - TOPIC WISE SYLLABUS ✓ Loss of Biodiversity ✓ The Extent of Biodiversity Loss as per IPBES Report ✓ Living Planet Report 2022 ✓ The State of the World’s Birds ✓ Causes Behind Biodiversity Loss ✓ Habitat Loss and Fragmentation ✓ Alien Species Invasions ✓ Over-Exploitation ✓ Species Extinction ✓ Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO/Transgenic Organisms) ✓ Trade in Wildlife ✓ Pollution and Climate Change ✓ Consequences of Loss of Biodiversity ✓ Affects Livelihood ✓ Human-animal Conflict ✓ Increased Zoonosis due to Habitat Loss ✓ Adverse Changes to Biotic Interactions ✓ In situ conservation