Police Vehicle Pursuits Policy PDF

POLICE VEHICLE PURSUITS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION: THIS POLICY IS CONFIDENTIAL IN ITS ENTIRETY. PREAMBLE: Vehicle pursuits pose a danger to the safety of officers, suspects, and the public. Deciding whether to pursue a motor vehicle is a critical decision that must be made under diffic...

POLICE VEHICLE PURSUITS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION: THIS POLICY IS CONFIDENTIAL IN ITS ENTIRETY. PREAMBLE: Vehicle pursuits pose a danger to the safety of officers, suspects, and the public. Deciding whether to pursue a motor vehicle is a critical decision that must be made under difficult circumstances. Officers must be mindful of their surroundings, skills, capabilities, and vehicle condition when they decide whether to engage in a pursuit. A pursuit policy’s purpose is to assist officers in making these critical decisions appropriately. POLICY: It is the policy of the Omaha Police Department (OPD) to narrowly regulate the manner in which vehicular pursuits are conducted in order to protect the public and decrease liability to the Department while maintaining the Department’s duty to apprehend criminal suspects. DEFINITIONS: Authorized Emergency Vehicle: Any Omaha Police vehicle with operable emergency equipment as designated by Nebraska Revised Statute (NRS) §60-610. Due Regard: A reasonably careful person, performing similar duties and under similar circumstances, would act in the same manner. NRS §60-6,114 does not relieve an officer from driving with due regard while engaged in a pursuit (or while operating an OPD vehicle). Marked Police Vehicle: Any black and white OPD vehicle with emergency red/blue lights mounted on the exterior roof with 360-degree visibility and a siren. Overtake: A driver maneuver in which an officer attempts to close the distance between the police vehicle and a target vehicle in order to initiate a traffic stop or otherwise be in a position to notify the target vehicle’s driver of the need to pull over. This does not include an effort to stop or apprehend the target vehicle, which occurs after the overtake is successful. Pace: An effort made by a police officer, while driving a police vehicle, to estimate the speed of a target vehicle by matching, but not Overtaking, the target vehicle’s speed. This does not include any effort to stop or apprehend a target vehicle. Parallel: To drive a police vehicle on a street that is approximately parallel or nearby a street on which a pursuit is occurring. Police Motorcycle: A marked OPD Motorcycle equipped with lights and siren. The lights and siren are located on the front of the vehicle but are not considered to have 360-degree visibility. Primary Unit: A police unit that initiates a pursuit or any unit that assumes control of the pursuit. Pursuit Termination: Discontinued pursuit, following or trailing of a suspect vehicle by OPD officers. All emergency equipment is deactivated, and all pursuing officers will change direction of travel. Secondary Unit: Any police unit which becomes involved as a backup to the primary unit and follows the primary unit at a safe distance. Slick Top Vehicle: A marked police cruiser that is not equipped with exterior roof-mounted emergency lights. The lights are located on the front grill, and the vehicle has a siren. Traffic Stop: This occurs when an officer directs a target car to pull over so that the officer can investigate or cite the target vehicle driver for a traffic infraction or offense without intent at the time to apprehend an occupant or otherwise take an occupant into custody. Unmarked Vehicle: Any vehicle not equipped with exterior emergency lights or siren. Vehicle Pursuit: Nebraska Revised Statute (NRS) §13-911 defines a statutory pursuit as an “active attempt by a law enforcement officer operating a motor vehicle to apprehend one or more occupants of another motor vehicle, when the driver of the fleeing vehicle is or should be aware of such attempt and is resisting apprehension by maintaining or increasing his or her speed, ignoring the officer, or attempting to elude the officer while driving at speeds in excess of those reasonable and proper under the conditions.” An officer’s attempt to pace or overtake a vehicle, or to use the emergency red/blue lights or siren merely to gain the attention of a driver in order to conduct a traffic stop, will NOT be considered an active attempt by the OPD to apprehend the occupants of the vehicle. PROCEDURE: I. Supervisor Responsibility A. A premium is placed on command oversight of vehicle pursuits to mitigate the inherent dangers and to assist in performance of any involved officers’ duties; therefore, it is the responsibility of the entire chain of command to monitor pursuits, when feasible. B. The Uniform Patrol Bureau area/crew supervisor shall have primary responsibility to determine if a pursuit will be terminated or allowed to continue, regardless of the pursuing officer’s assignment. EXAMPLE: If a pursuit originates in the 20 area via the Gang Unit, the Sergeant of the 20 area shall assume responsibility. 1. If the responsible area/crew supervisor does not take command of the pursuit immediately, the 911 Dispatcher will immediately attempt to notify that supervisor. a. If that area/crew supervisor does not respond, and is in service, the supervisor will be given a “no answer,” and the nearest supervisor will be contacted for a decision as to whether the pursuit will continue or be terminated. C. After the pursuing officer has broadcast the primary pursuit information, the supervisor shall: 1. Immediately notify 911 Dispatch by announcing on the appropriate primary radio channel that they have taken command of the pursuit. EXAMPLE: “Command 20. I have the pursuit.” 2. Ask for any of the primary information addressed in the “Communication Procedures” section of this policy that the pursuing officer did not provide. 3. Evaluate whether to terminate the pursuit or allow the pursuit to continue. a. In evaluating whether to terminate a pursuit, the supervisor will weigh the information known to them and the pursuing officer’s ability to adequately describe the circumstances to determine whether, in the judgment of a reasonable officer, the desirability of apprehension merits the risks involved. D. The supervisor will then immediately advise the officer to continue or terminate the pursuit.  E. Once a supervisor has taken command and authorized a pursuit, the determination to continue or terminate the pursuit will remain with that supervisor unless a higher-ranking command officer intervenes. II. Vehicle Pursuit Requirements A. Provisions of this section do not relieve officers driving authorized emergency vehicles from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons, nor do such provisions protect the officer from the consequences of reckless disregard for the safety of others. 1. If, in the process of attempting to stop a vehicle, officers exceed the speed limit and/or violate traffic laws, officers must have emergency red/blue lights and siren activated. This does not apply to pacing or overtaking a vehicle within a reasonable distance. Once a vehicle has been overtaken, the emergency red/blue lights and/or siren will be activated to gain the driver’s attention. a. Officers will not exceed one-half (.5) mile under these conditions without declaring a pursuit or terminating the stop attempt. NOTE: When multiple risk factors exist, officers shall always use their red/blue lights and siren. This is true even when Pacing or Overtaking. 2. If the driver indicates an intent to resist apprehension and flee prior to reaching the one- half (.5) mile limit, the involved officer must immediately announce the pursuit, if it is determined that a pursuit is warranted, following the below procedures. B. Only officers operating marked police vehicles equipped with emergency red/blue lights mounted on the exterior roof with 360-degree visibility and a siren will participate in a pursuit, with the following exceptions: 1. Police motorcycles and slick top vehicles equipped with lights and a siren will not participate in a pursuit unless a verified violent felony has occurred which involved the occupant(s) of the fleeing vehicle. If/When this occurs: a. Officers will immediately announce on the primary radio channel for the precinct in which the pursuit is initiated that they are operating a motorcycle or slick top vehicle. EXAMPLE: “2 Solo 15: Clear the air. I am in pursuit and am operating a motorcycle.” b. A field supervisor must approve the pursuit. A pursuit by motorcycle or slick top vehicle will be terminated as soon as an identified marked police cruiser is able to take over the pursuit. c. Command officers in charge of a pursuit will consider the added problems associated with a motorcycle or slick top vehicle in a pursuit. d. Pursuits in residential areas carry inherent risks, especially when operating a motorcycle or slick top vehicle, because of frequent intersecting streets and decreased lines of sight. 2. Police officers SHALL NOT engage in any pursuit while transporting a prisoner and/or civilian.  3. Police officers will not engage in a pursuit while driving unmarked vehicles not equipped with lights and a siren. C. Officers will conduct all pursuits with emergency red/blue lights and siren in operation. D. No more than two (2) police vehicles will be involved in direct pursuit of a fleeing vehicle unless otherwise directed by a command officer. 1. Officers will not parallel a pursuit, and only those authorized police officers in direct pursuit or deploying tire deflation devices at a fixed point should be involved. 2. The only exception to the two (2) vehicle rule will be in the event of a life-threatening situation. 3. The second unit and any subsequent units are responsible for assisting the primary unit in safely apprehending the suspect and assisting in communications when necessary. 4. The second unit and any subsequent units are required to advise radio of their involvement as soon as practical. III. Objective Risk Factors A. All sworn employees will become familiar with the Objective Risk Factors listed below. 1. Low Risk Factors include but are not limited to: a. A straight road with a good surface and clear lines of sight. b. Few intersections. c. Few pedestrians. d. Good weather. e. No hazardous maneuvers by the violator. f. Speeds at or less than 20 miles per hour over the posted limit. g. Helicopter immediately available (within 30 seconds). 2. Moderate Risk Factors include but are not limited to: a. Some intersections. b. Light pedestrian traffic. c. Moderate traffic with little or no congestion. d. Speeds 20 mph or more over the posted speed limit. e. Some hazardous, but not extreme, maneuvers by the violator (crossing center line or sudden lane changes). 3. High Risk Factors include but are not limited to: a. Frequent intersections.  b. Poor weather causing slippery streets and low visibility. c. A road with blind curves and intersections or a narrow road. d. Numerous pedestrians. e. Heavy traffic with congestion. f. Speeds twice the posted limit, or greater than 80 miles per hour. g. Extreme maneuvers by the violator (driving against oncoming traffic, violating red lights and stop signs at high speed). h. Special circumstances (school zone/construction). B. The below Pursuit Decision Matrix is provided as a guide for officers to apply the above objective risk factors to the circumstances of the officer’s situation. All sworn employees will become familiar with the below Matrix. For the purposes of the Police Vehicle Pursuit Policy, the Omaha Police Department does not consider a pursuit in and of itself to be a violent felony. Pursuit Decision Matrix DEGREE OF RISK DEGREE OF LOW MODERATE HIGH SERIOUSNESS VIOLENT May pursue. May pursue. May pursue: FELONY Continue to assess Continue to assess Terminate if risks risks. risks. exceed known threat to public safety if capture is delayed. NON-VIOLENT May pursue. May pursue. Do not pursue, or or PROPERTY Continue to assess Continue to assess terminate pursuit if FELONY risks. risks. started. MISDEMEANOR May pursue. Do not pursue, or Do not pursue. Continue to assess terminate if started risks. under low risk. TRAFFIC May pursue in limited Do not pursue, or Do not pursue. VIOLATIONS cases. terminate if started under low risk. NOTE: Degree of risk may quickly outweigh the seriousness of the crime. C. Termination of Pursuits. 1. When terminating a pursuit (either by supervisory order or officer’s discretion), officers will: a. Shut off emergency equipment and obey all traffic laws.  b. Continue operating the mobile video recorder (MVR) system until the post-pursuit briefing occurs or until receiving a supervisory order to cease recording, whichever comes first. (1) The above procedures will be followed for Refuse to Stop/Vehicle Fled/Non-Pursuit situations. c. Change direction of travel out of sight of the fleeing vehicle or pull over safely to the shoulder or side of the road if on the interstate or other roadway where changing the direction of travel is not possible. 2. Once a pursuit has been terminated, no other officer may initiate a pursuit with the same vehicle without command approval. D. Off-duty Omaha Police officers SHALL NOT become involved in vehicle pursuits using a non- police vehicle. IV. Communication Procedures A. Primary Information. 1. When police vehicle pursuits begin, pursuing officers will report the following Primary Information immediately, in the order listed below: a. Their vehicle Unit Number followed by "In Pursuit." b. The location and direction of travel of the pursuit. c. A description of the pursued vehicle. d. The reason for the pursuit. 2. Immediately upon receiving the Primary Information, the 911 Primary Dispatcher will “clear the air for emergency traffic only” so that the pursuing officer can clearly broadcast key information, give updates, and allow the supervisor to monitor. 3. The non-involved 911 Dispatchers (in other precinct Talk-Groups) will announce the pursuit on their respective channels. 4. The responsible supervisor will then assess this information and immediately advise the officer to continue or cancel the pursuit. (Refer to the “Supervisor Responsibility” section of this policy.) B. Update Information. 1. The following update information will be provided as soon as possible. There is no required specific order. a. Location and direction of travel of the pursuit. b. License number and state of the pursued vehicle. c. Description and number of occupants, if possible.  d. Driving behavior of suspect (including speeds involved and traffic violations by the pursued vehicle). C. Radio Communication. 1. Unless the primary unit is a two (2) officer car, the secondary unit will take over radio communications for the primary unit, unless the situation indicates otherwise. 2. All radio activity pertaining to the pursuit will take place on the originating unit’s radio channel even when crossing precinct boundaries. a. Officers must advise 911 Dispatchers that they are switching to the pursuit channel. 3. The 911 Dispatcher will broadcast the following information during any vehicle pursuit in or near the City of Omaha as soon as possible: a. An alert tone in precincts outside of the pursuit area. NOTE: 911 Dispatch will not broadcast an alert tone on Talk Groups where the pursuit is occurring so that the air remains clear for officers actively in pursuit. b. A statement that a pursuit is occurring. c. The channel on which the pursuit is occurring. d. Direction of travel and most recent location of the pursuit. 4. After the above information is provided on all radio channels, non-involved channels will return to normal air. 5. The 911 Dispatcher will clear the air, repeat Primary Information, and obtain Update Information. V. Forcible Stop of a Fleeing Vehicle A. Physical Cruiser Contact. 1. NRS §28-109 states: “Deadly physical force shall mean force, the intended, natural, and probable consequence of which is to produce death, or which does, in fact, produce death.” 2. Police vehicle pursuits in and of themselves do not constitute use of deadly force. Utilization of police vehicles for particular purposes during a pursuit should be given the same careful consideration as the use of deadly force because of the serious nature of their potential consequences. 3. Training Requirements. a. Absent exigent circumstances, officers will successfully complete Department- approved forcible stop training prior to engaging in any forcible stop of a fleeing vehicle. (1) Exigent circumstances may include life-threatening situations where failure to stop the fleeing vehicle is likely to result in death or serious bodily injury to officers or the public.  4. Deployment Requirements. a. Pursuing officers will not intentionally make physical cruiser contact with a fleeing vehicle unless authorized by a command officer. If physical cruiser contact is authorized by a command officer, or exigent circumstances require cruiser contact before command authorization can be granted, the officer will not use the Pursuit Intervention Technique (PIT), as the OPD does not train officers in the use of PIT. NOTE: OPD shall not request another agency to perform a PIT maneuver. b. Officers will not attempt to stop or slow a pursued vehicle by boxing in, heading off, or driving alongside the vehicle during a pursuit without command authorization. c. Physical cruiser contact with another vehicle may only be used to capture known, extremely dangerous fleeing felons. Cruiser contact will be used only as a last resort when it is clear that all other methods of capturing the fleeing felon(s) have failed or will fail. Discretion must be used to determine the best and safest method to stop the vehicle. Officers must consider that once contact is made between vehicles, there is limited control of the outcome. NOTE: With airbags installed on most police vehicles, extreme consideration and caution must be used before using a cruiser to contact a fleeing vehicle. 5. Reporting Requirements – Forcible stop using physical cruiser contact. a. Officers who cause property damage to any vehicle or property in the course of performing a forcible stop using physical cruiser contact shall: (1) Complete a Chief’s Report (OPD Form 214) for Response to Resistance - Use of Force. (2) Complete an Incident Report (OPD Form 189). (3) Complete other reports, as necessary. (a) A Motor Vehicle Accident report is not required unless the cruiser contact with the pursued vehicle resulted in damage to property other than OPD vehicles or the pursued vehicle. B. For procedures regarding roadblocks, see the OPD “Police Vehicle Pursuits – Forcible Stopping” policy. C. For procedures regarding tire deflation devices, see the OPD “Police Vehicle Pursuits – Forcible Stopping” policy. VI. Use of the Police Helicopter A. When the Police Helicopter is available, the helicopter crew will switch to the primary channel of the police vehicle(s) involved, acknowledge they are “clear” on the pursuit, and provide their estimated time of arrival to the area. B. When the helicopter crew is in the area and can take a tactical position over the pursuit, they will announce, “Able One has the vehicle under surveillance.” Absent clear directives from the  ground command supervisor, all ground units will immediately follow any further instructions from the helicopter crew. The following tactics will be followed when Able One has assumed a pursuit: 1. Violent Felony Situation. a. In the event of a verified violent felony situation, the helicopter and at least two (2) pursuing vehicles may continue to follow at a distance, using the Pursuit Decision Matrix. All other officers will deploy to likely points of interception and block traffic. At no time will excessive cruisers follow the line of pursuit closely. b. The helicopter crew will continue to maintain surveillance of the fleeing vehicle. The aircrew will provide updates on the fleeing vehicle’s location and direction of travel. When the vehicle comes to a stop, the helicopter crew will update ground units as to the status of the vehicle occupants and assist them in the safe apprehension of those persons. c. The helicopter crew will not spotlight the fleeing vehicle unless directed by a command officer. 2. Misdemeanor, Traffic, or Non-Violent Felony – Crime Against Property Situation. a. In the event of a misdemeanor, traffic, or non-violent felony, the helicopter crew will notify the ground supervisor that the helicopter has the vehicle under surveillance. The ground command supervisor will terminate the police vehicle(s) involved in the pursuit. Those officers will acknowledge termination. Absent command approval, all ground units will affirm, via the primary channel of the pursuit, that they have discontinued pursuit. b. The helicopter crew will confirm to command, without being asked, that all ground units have discontinued pursuit. c. The helicopter crew is to advise ground command if officers are continuing to pursue, re-engaging without authorization, or initiating without approval. d. If the suspect does not stop, the ground command officer, in conjunction with the helicopter crew, will determine how long the helicopter surveillance will continue. e. If a supervisor and/or the helicopter crew believe there is reason to reinitiate the pursuit after the helicopter crew has taken over surveillance, the helicopter crew will provide input/information to the ground supervisor who will make the decision to reinitiate the pursuit. EXAMPLE: A felony crime against person situation takes place. f. The helicopter crew will advise ground command of any circumstances visible from the aerial vantage point which may be pertinent to the ground command’s decision to continue or terminate the pursuit. VII. Pursuits by Other Agencies A. Supervisors may direct OPD officers to assist other agencies involved in pursuits within the City of Omaha. If a supervisor allows OPD officers to become involved in this type of pursuit, the supervisor will provide this authorization via 911 Dispatch. Such directions will be consistent with this pursuit policy.  B. Supervisors who authorize OPD officers to engage in a pursuit with another agency will complete a Chief’s Report (OPD Form 214) on the incident. 1. The supervisor will obtain copies of reports from the other agency that pursued into Omaha and all OPD officers involved in the pursuit. 2. The supervisor will forward the entire report package to the Pursuit Review Committee via the Uniform Patrol Bureau (UPB) Deputy Chief. C. OPD officers will be responsible for completing reports on their actions during pursuits by other agencies into Omaha. VIII. Pursuits into Iowa A. Under no circumstances will a misdemeanant be pursued across the Iowa/Nebraska state line into the State of Iowa. B. The legal provisions of “fresh pursuit” are operable only where there are reasonable grounds to believe that a felony has been committed. If an officer pursues a suspected felon across the state line into Iowa, and an arrest is made, the officer will adhere to the following procedures: 1. Contact will be made with the law enforcement agency in that jurisdiction, and a request made to them to arrest the felon as a “Fugitive from Justice.” 2. The pursuing officer will then file the proper reports and request the proper warrants in Omaha, so that extradition proceedings can be initiated by the County Attorney. NOTE: A person arrested in the State of Iowa under the provisions of fresh pursuit may not be returned to Omaha without processing through the extradition procedure. IX. Reporting A. Officers will complete all required reports concerning the criminal activity of the pursuit. B. Any officer involved in a police vehicle pursuit must complete a Chief’s Report (OPD Form 214) and attach any additional reports pertaining to the pursuit. 1. Reports will be forwarded to the supervisor for review as soon as practical, but no later than the officer’s next regularly scheduled duty shift. C. The supervisor who authorized the pursuit will obtain a copy of any cruiser, helicopter, or 911 audio or video recordings and attach them to or turn them in with the electronic entry or the Chief’s Report, as well as complete the Pursuit Recording Form (OPD Form 117). D. When a motorist flees, and the officer did not initiate a pursuit, the officer will still complete a Chief’s Report (OPD Form 214) and mark the box “Refuse to Stop/Vehicle Fled/ Non-Pursuit.” 1. An OPD Police Pursuit Recording Form (OPD Form 117) is not required in this situation. E. The Chief’s Report (OPD Form 214) “Details of Incident” section shall be completed in narrative format. Officers shall avoid using bullet points to describe the pursuit. 1. The following information will be included when completing Chief’s Report (OPD Form 214) narrative to make certain that all pertinent information is received:  a. Day, date, time, and location where suspect vehicle was first observed, name of the officer driving the police vehicle, and the vehicle number. b. Name and serial number of the officer who announced the pursuit via 911 Dispatch and the reason for the pursuit. c. Description of the emergency equipment that was used (red and blue emergency lights, siren, etc.). d. Traffic volume at the time of the pursuit, and type of locale, (e.g., commercial, residential, business, etc.). e. Weather conditions, road conditions, and lighting conditions. f. Route of pursuit, speed, suspect’s vehicle, traffic violations, collisions, property damage, injuries and any other occurrences during the pursuit. g. Description of the suspect’s driving behavior that caused the officer to initiate the pursuit. h. Circumstances of pursuit termination, arrest situation and charges, and condition of the driver. X. Follow-Up A. Follow-up investigations, in those pursuits where a suspect eluded capture and information exists that could lead to their identification, will be the responsibility of the Traffic Unit. UPB supervisors are responsible for forwarding all relevant paperwork to the Traffic Unit Lieutenant. B. If after the vehicle pursuit or a vehicle fled non-pursuit where the suspect eluded capture and the vehicle is located, it may be impounded to aid in the investigation and determining the identity of the suspect/driver. XI. Review of Pursuits and Pursuit Policy A. All pursuits will be reviewed by the ground command supervisor prior to submission of the Chief’s Report (OPD Form 214). 1. The supervisor who authorized the pursuit will conduct a complete review of the pursuit with the pursuing officers (primary and secondary officers). The review will entail reviewing cruiser video footage, if available, 911 audio, and the officer’s reports. 2. The authorizing supervisor is responsible for completing the Pursuit Recording Form (OPD Form 117) and forwarding all reports, video and audio recordings, via chain of command, to the Pursuit Review Committee for processing. B. All pursuits will be reviewed internally for compliance with all laws and OPD procedures. The Pursuit Review Committee will review and make recommendations on the pursuit or non- pursuit. C. Annual Pursuit Reports Analysis and Review of Policy and Reporting Procedures. 1. NRS §29-211 states “each law enforcement agency within the State of Nebraska shall adopt and implement a written policy regarding the pursuit of motor vehicles.” Subsection §29-211 (e) requires “a system of mandatory continued planning and review of training of personnel…including, at a minimum, an annual review of the Department’s policy with each sworn law enforcement officer.”  2. Mandatory Review. a. A General Order, Training Bulletin, or In-Service training course shall serve as notice to all sworn employees to review the Police Vehicle Pursuit policy. b. In accordance with NRS §29-211, all Sworn employees acknowledge receipt and understanding of the General Order, Training Bulletin, and/or In-Service training per OPD policies and procedures. 3. The Department will conduct an annual, documented analysis signed and approved by the Chief of Police. This report will consist of: a. An analysis of all pursuit records. (1) This will consist of a review of all documented incidents involving vehicle pursuits occurring in each calendar year for the purpose of revealing patterns of trends that indicate training needs and/or policy modifications. b. A review of the “Police Vehicle Pursuits” policy. c. A review of Police Vehicle Pursuits reporting procedures. XII. Recruit Training A. Initial training on the Department’s “Police Vehicle Pursuits” policy is required and is to be documented. B. NRS §29-211 (2) states, “It shall be the responsibility of each law enforcement agency within the State of Nebraska to ensure that all law enforcement officers who commence employment with such law enforcement agency receive specialized training in pursuit driving at the Nebraska Law Enforcement Training Center (NLETC)or at an equivalent training program approved by the Nebraska Police Standards Advisory Council.” REFERENCES: I. Court Cases A. Brower v. Inyo County, 489 US 593 (1989). II. Nebraska Revised Statutes (NRS) A. NRS §§13-911, 28-109, 29-211, 60-610, 60-6,114, and 75-364 are referenced in this policy. III. Previous OPD Orders A. Previous General Orders include the following: #7-95, 30-95, 46-97, 51-97, 39-98, 59-99, 6-00, 11-01, 14-01, 4-02, 49-02 and 49-02 Supplement #1, 3-03, 4-04, 6-05, 10-06 and 10-06 Supplement #1, 14-07, 35-08, 24-09, 39-10, 3-11 and 3-11 Supplement #1, 46-12, 49-13, 63- 14, 79-15, 77-17, 58-18, 45-20, and 18-21. IV. Accreditation Standards A. CALEA Accreditation standards 41.2.1, 41.2.2, and 41.2.3 are relevant to this policy.