Philosopher's Perspectives on Self PDF

 Dualistic Body – imperfect and impermanent Soul – perfect and permanent Human choice was motivated by the SOCRATES desire for happiness. Socratic Method – question and answer  PLATO RATIONAL/LOGICAL...

 Dualistic Body – imperfect and impermanent Soul – perfect and permanent Human choice was motivated by the SOCRATES desire for happiness. Socratic Method – question and answer  PLATO RATIONAL/LOGICAL seeks truth and swayed by facts and argument Student of Socrates He believed in the division of a SPIRITED/EMOTIONAL concerned with person’s body and soul which forms honor and emotions a person aside from the material things and that could be observed & APPETITIVE associated with the person. desires physical pleasures  - Aristotle believed that the soul (psyche) is the essence of a living being. - Self is not just a mind or a soul, but a unified being made up of both body and soul. Eudaimonia (Flourishing) ARISTOTLE - happiness - an activity of the soul in accordance with perfect virtue  To have a spiritual union with God by living a good life Body - dies on earth ST. AUGUSTINE Soul - lives eternally in spiritual bliss with God  Self is the product of what we acquire through our experience of the world. Stated that the person is born with knowing nothing, only learned from JOHN LOCKE experiences, failures, references and observations of the person  Dualism = body and mind Body - perceives from the different senses Mind - thinks and questions or doubts what the body has experienced Rationalism - The mind (through reason) is seen as the source of certain knowledge RENE DESCARTES - provides a method for acquiring knowledge about the self and the world through reason.  Empiricism - knowledge begins with sensory experiences. Dependent on sensory experiences There is no permanent self because impressions of things are based from DAVID HUME our experiences Thus, it may improve or totally be replaced  Father of psychoanalysis He believed that man has different constructs of personality that interacts with each other. He believed that we are a by-product of our experiences in the past and SIGMUND FREUD that actions are driven by the idea of resisting or avoiding pain and are molded from our need for pleasure.  desires and wants the idea that all your needs should be met immediately balances the ID and Superego decide what is right or wrong based on context embodies moral values and societal norms  Most influential philosopher in Western IMMANUEL KANT Philosophy Transcendental Idealism - Mind shapes our experiences through both reason and sensory input. “We can only know the phenomena (the world as we experience it), not through the noumena (the world as it is in itself) PAUL CHURCHLAND Canadian philosopher Mind is the brain Eliminative Materialism - common-sense ideas will be replaced by more accurate and scientific explanations  British philosopher GILBERT RYLE A person can be understand by observing a person on how they acts and interacts with the world. - Behavior describes the self MAURICE JEAN MERLEAU PONTY French philosopher Phenomenological - lived experiences Mind and body is interconnected