PHILO-q1-week-2.pptx

PHILOSOPHY WEEK 2 WEEK 1 MEANING OF PHILOSOPHY WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE ANCIENT PHILOSOPHERS HOLISTIC AND PARTIAL THINKING. How do you know you exist ? Why is there a need to philosophize? Sense of wonder = Man’s overbounding curiousity drives him to ask question , some of which have no definite...

PHILOSOPHY WEEK 2 WEEK 1 MEANING OF PHILOSOPHY WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE ANCIENT PHILOSOPHERS HOLISTIC AND PARTIAL THINKING. How do you know you exist ? Why is there a need to philosophize? Sense of wonder = Man’s overbounding curiousity drives him to ask question , some of which have no definite answers Where did we come from? Why do we exist ? For what purpose were we created ?  DOUBT 15th century French philosopher Rene Descartes traced the need to philosophize to DOUBT. Famous for rejecting or questioning established ideas. Scientific ideas must be tested and verified before it is accepted as TRUTH.  EXPERIENCE : 20th century Swiss-German philosopher Karl Jaspers saw the need to philosophize because of experience. Man is often confronted by experiences which challenge his ideas and framework called limit situations Feeling of helplessness, anxiety, or dread Love of wisdom To love wisdom is to have insatiable desire for truth Socrates “ I know what I do not know.” “ The unexamined life is not worth living,” Framework – A way of thinking about the world and composed of the beliefs and views of person Internal questions- can be addressed using your own personal framework External questions – seek to question the framework upon which people base their own beliefs and views Branches of philosophy of which deals with a particular aspect of life or phenomena. Aesthetic – philosophy which deals with beauty and what makes things “beautiful”. LOGIC – Philosophy that deals with correct reasoning Example: Bicycle has two wheels Ram is riding a bicycle Ram is riding on two wheels (explanation) the premises are true and so is the conclusion Epistomology- discusses the nature of knowledge Example : John knows that there are cows in his friend Frank’s field. This can reasonably be considered something that john knows. He believe it to be true ( belief) There really are cows in the field (truth) John saw cows in the fiel as he was driving up to Frank’s farm (justification) Ethics –the branch which deals with moral questions and dilemmas. Ethics covers the following dilemmas : How to live a good life Our rights and responsibilities The language of right and wrong Moral decisions : what is right and wrong Political philosophy- studies government and deals with question of justice, power and the rights and obligations of citizens. Example : Liberalism : A general belief in freedom socially and economically Socialism : Left leaningview that sees human as intrinsically social and wealth should be shared. Marxism : More communal means of wealth rather than redistribution Conservatism : A favour for organic society and change and to conserve certain values Anarchism : anti-state theory Metaphysics- Branch of philosophy that deals with questions regarding reality and existence. Examples : What is reality? Are humans being endowed with immortal souls Is there free will Philosophy of the human person- area of philosophy that understands the human person from philosophical perspective. Three perspective on the human person: The scientific view of man The philosophical view of man The theological view of man THE CONCEPT OF TRUTH: WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ARE TRUE? The sun is the center of the solar system. God made the world in seven days A person must always consider the interest of his or her family before his or her own happiness. Complete the following statements: I know that …………… I know why ……………. I know how ………….. KNOWLEDGE : Clear awareness and understanding of something How does one engage in reflection ? Propositions –statement about the world that may or may not carry the truth. Reflection requires a person to be willing to examines one’s thought, feelings and action What are the practical uses o philosophy in our lives? Philosophy enables us a person to engage in critical analysis and interpretation of concepts, definitions, arguments and problems. Philosophy also improves problem solving and decision making. A good philosopher is a good communicator who can clearly adequately present his or her ideas. Philosophy cab contribute to self-development. Propositions : FACTS : LIFE 1. ------------- 2. ------------- CLAIM : FUTURE 1.-------------------- 2. ------------------- DOUBT : POLITICS 1 ---------------- 2.----------------- End