Social Influence Concepts PDF

 CONCEPT OF LEADERSHIP “Managers are people who do things right, while leaders are people who do the right thing.” –Warren Bennis, Ph.D. “On Becoming a Leader”  LEADERSHIP / PAMUMUNO Leadership is the ability of a...

 CONCEPT OF LEADERSHIP “Managers are people who do things right, while leaders are people who do the right thing.” –Warren Bennis, Ph.D. “On Becoming a Leader”  LEADERSHIP / PAMUMUNO Leadership is the ability of a person in position of authority to influence others to behave in such a manner that goals are achieve. -Chester Barnard (1983)  LEADER / PINUNO A leader may obtain power through various means and sources, such as position, giving rewards, expertise, respect, or coercion. -French and Raven (1960)  SOCIAL INFLUENCE Behavior, actions, attitude, concepts, ideas, communications, wealth, and other resources that bring about changes in the beliefs, & attitudes, &/or behavior of persons as a result of the action/s of another person.  OTHER TYPES OF SOCIAL INFLUENCE  1. Conformity / Pagsang-ayon A type of social influence that involves a change in behavior, belief, or thinking to be like others. Situation: A group of friends deciding where to eat. Example: A group of friends is discussing dinner options. Even though one person prefers Italian food, they agree to go to a popular burger joint because everyone else wants to go there. This individual changes their choice to align with the group's decision, demonstrating conformity to group norms.  2. Conversion / Pagbabagong-loob Occurs when an individual whole-heartedly changes his or her original thinking and beliefs, actions, and attitudes to align with those of the other members of a group. Situation: A religious group meeting. Example: A person attends a series of meetings with a religious group out of curiosity. Over time, they become convinced of the group's beliefs and eventually decide to convert to that faith, changing their core beliefs and practices. This process illustrates conversion, where an individual's beliefs fundamentally change due to the influence of a group.  3. Minority influence Happens when a bigger number of people are influenced by much smaller number or people and when the minority’s way of looking at and doing things are accepted. Situation: A corporate board meeting discussing a new product direction. Example: During a meeting, one board member presents a unique perspective on sustainable practices that contrasts with the majority's focus on short-term profits. Initially, the majority dismisses the idea, but as the minority member continues to present compelling arguments and evidence, some board members begin to reconsider their stance. This gradual shift illustrates minority influence, where a smaller group or individual can change the attitudes of the majority.  4. Reactance Is when there is a willing rejection of a social influence being exerted on an individual or group. Situation: A teenager being told they cannot go to a party. Example: A teenager's parents forbid them from attending a party, believing it may lead to risky behavior. In response, the teenager feels a strong urge to go to the party to assert their independence and react against the perceived restriction. This illustrates reactance, where individuals oppose perceived threats to their freedom of choice.  5. Obedience Is another form of social influence wherein a person follows what someone tells him or her to do, although it may not necessarily reflect the person’s set of beliefs or values. Situation: A classroom setting with a teacher and students. Example: A teacher instructs students to complete a difficult assignment by a certain deadline. Despite some students feeling overwhelmed and wanting to express their concerns, they comply with the teacher's request without questioning it, demonstrating obedience to authority.  6. Persuasion Is used by one person or group to influence another to change their beliefs, action, or attitudes by appealing to reason or emotion. Situation: A marketing campaign for a new product. Example: A company launches a campaign promoting a new smartphone, highlighting its innovative features and benefits through advertisements, social media influencers, and testimonials. As a result, many potential customers are persuaded to purchase the product based on the compelling messages and the perceived credibility of the endorsements. Servant Leadership  A Servant Leader is A great leader & is seen as a servant first, and that simple fact is the key to his greatness.  The single characteristic of the servant leader is his desire to serve. Other Characteristics of a Servant Leader ✓ listening & understanding ✓ acceptance & empathy ✓ foresight ✓ awareness & perception ✓ persuasion ✓ conceptualization ✓ self-healing ✓ rebuilding community Factors that influence students’ career choice  1 Parents’ Desire/ Parental Pressure Choosing a career just live up to the parents’ expectation is the most common decision taking by students from business families are by default expected to choose commerce career course. Some who resists submit to the parental pressure leading to an unsuccessful career choice.  2 Peer Influence Most of the students want to follow the crowd to get their destination. Follow your friends is the most trending exercise visible during the selection of university or college. Majority choice is the best choice. This mindset increased the count in the mediocre group where students fail to succeed in their career and just keep on it with an average performance.  3 Skills and Abilities Considering your skills and abilities and how they may fit in a particular occupation comes out of one the earliest career development fields, Trait-factors theories, and is used today. You can identify activities you enjoy and those in which you have a level of competency though a formal assessment.  4 Interest and Personality Test Holland’s Career Typology Theory. This theory establishes a classification system that matches personality characteristics and personal preferences to job characteristics. Holland codes are six personality/career types that help describe a wide range of occupations. Six Types of Work Environments and Career Categories  1 R=Realistic people are DOERS Realistic people like to work with their hands, either with plants and animals or tools. They like to fix things. Some examples of occupations that are primarily realistic in nature are: forester, industrial arts teacher, radio operator, auto engineer, industrial engineering technician, aircraft mechanic and other mechanical works, and agricultural works.  2 I=Investigative people are THINKER Investigative people like to analyze data and solve problems. They usually prefer to work independently. Some specific investigative jobs are: economist, internist, physician, anthropologist, astronomer, pathologist, physicist, chemist, production planner, medical lab, math and science teacher and all sciences.  3 A=Artistic people are CREATOR Artistic people often enjoy making things or performing in front of other people. They like flexibility in their lives. Some primarily artistic jobs include drama coach, language teacher, journalist reporter, drama teacher, foreign language interpreter, philosopher and etc.  4 S=Social people are HELPERS Social people like to work with other people, often on teams. They enjoy counselling and caring for others. Jobs that involve these personality aspects include education, teaching social welfare, counselling, health professions, social service and etc.  5 E=Enterprising people are PERSUADERS Enterprising people would like to start projects and make decisions. They often enjoy selling things or managing other people. They are often seen as enthusiastic, dominant, and impatient. Jobs that involve these personality aspects include sales and marketing field, banker, lawyer, industrial engineer, TV/radio announcer, branch manager and etc.  6 C=Conventional people are ORGANIZERS Conventional people like structured job. They enjoy working with numbers and instructions. They often organized data and write reports. People who rank high on this theme are often conscientious, efficient and calm. Jobs that involve these personalities are clerical, administrative, time study analyst, finance expert, accountant, credit manager, secretary and etc.  5 Affordability This is the purchasing power of individual who dares to dream.  6 Past Performance This practice of determining one’s interest field based on one-time exam performance has often led to a wrong career decision. Let us take a concrete example, a senior high school graduate who wants to take up BSED is advised to take up other course because of failing the screening admission.  7 Earning Potential Your chosen profession is likely to be a factor that influencing your career path. Your personal financial needs are also likely to influence the career choices you make.  8 Location Geography can have an influence on career path decision in a number of ways. You may choose a job that requires living in a certain region.  9 Financial Remuneration It is identified as the most influential extrinsic factor in career choice decision. Income was considered as an important component of life, particularly among youth who had higher level of individualism.  10 Teachers & Educators They are significant figures in the process of youth’s career decision-making, are seen as significant figures that are agents of development and could have been influence on students’ decision making.