PerDev Quarter 1 Module 31 PDF

WHY AM I LIKE THIS? OBJECTIVE ◦ Develop understanding about physical, physiological, and psychological issues related to the processes of growing up; ◦ Explain the nature of adolescence as a developmental stage; and ◦ Explain the physical development during adolescence. EMOTIONAL PROBL...

WHY AM I LIKE THIS? OBJECTIVE ◦ Develop understanding about physical, physiological, and psychological issues related to the processes of growing up; ◦ Explain the nature of adolescence as a developmental stage; and ◦ Explain the physical development during adolescence. EMOTIONAL PROBLEM PHYSICAL PROBLEM BEHAVIORAL PROBLEM PHYSICAL CHANGE PHYSICAL CHANGE ◦For girls, they might start as early as 8 years or as old as 13 years, but start to see early physical changes from about 10 or 11 years, These physical changes during puberty include: Onset of menstruation or monthly period PHYSICAL CHANGE ◦For boys, physical changes usually start at around 11 or 12 years, but they might start as young as 9 years or as old as 14 years. These physical changes include:  NUTRITION, HEALTH, AND HYGIENE Nutrition, Health, and Hygiene ◦ Adolescence is a period of rapid physical growth, with a corresponding increase in nutritional requirements to support the increase in body mass and to build up stores of nutrients. The daily intake of nutritional requirements increases according to the following factors: 1. AGE 3. PREGNANCY 2. GENDER 4. ACTIVITIES & SPORTS  1. AGE ◦At the beginning of puberty, with the increase of height and at the last stage of adolescence; 2. GENDER ◦ Adolescent girls require 10% more nutrients, iron and iodine in particular than boys  3. PREGNANCY ◦During the second half in particular, as well as during the first six months of breastfeeding, it is advised that the first pregnancy after marriage be postponed at least until the girl is over 18 years old because it might not be possible to meet added nutritional requirements, especially among middle income and poor families;  4. ACTIVITIES & SPORTS ◦heavy physical sports in particular such as swimming, running, and ball games IMPROVING THE NUTRITION OF ADOLESCENTS control of excessive indulgence in food, especially those foods high in sugar and fat; Minimizing the intake of sweets and snacks between main meals, especially junk food snacks; Regular physical exercise to burn excess calories and to strengthen muscles; Regular intake of breakfast use of sugar replacement if prone to obesity; and Ensuring that poultry and poultry products, including meat are well-cooked, and clean. MAJOR HEALTH CONCERNS OF ADOLESCENTS OBESITY DEPRESSION ANEMIA IODINE STD’s DEFICIENCY  OBESITY ◦weighing more than what is healthy for a given height. Obesity is a serious, chronic disease. ◦It can lead to other health problems, including diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers.  ANEMIA ◦ A condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells provide oxygen to body tissues. ◦ During menarche, teenage girls need 10% more iron than boys of the same age because of blood loss in menstruation  IODINE DEFICIENCY ◦Iodine deficiency occurs when your thyroid gland lacks the amount of iodine it needs to function properly.  DEPRESSION ◦Refer to attacks of sadness, moodiness or disappointment that last for a few days. However, this is not depression, which is a specific clinically recognized condition diagnosed by psychologists or psychiatrists  STD’S ◦ SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES and HIV infection ◦ ages from 20 to 24 usually have the highest incidence of HIV infection followed by those from 15 to 19 years of age ◦ are caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). They are spread mainly by sexual contact. STIs are caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites. ◦ A sexually transmitted infection may pass from person to person in blood, semen, or vaginal and other bodily fluids. EXAMPLES FOR STD’S SYPHILIS (SPIROCHETE) ◦ Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infectious (STI) disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. This bacterium causes infection when it gets into broken skin or mucus membranes, usually of the genitals HEPATITIS B (VIRUS) HERPES (VIRUS) HIV (VIRUS) AIDS (DISEASE) TRICHOMONIASIS VAGINITIS (FLAGELLAR) GENITAL WARTS (VIRUS)  CHLAMYDIA INFECTION (INTRACELLULAR ORGANISMS) ◦ caused by bacteria. Chlamydia infections are treatable and curable. ◦Left untreated, chlamydia can lead to serious complications and cause permanent damage to your reproductive organs.  GOOD PERSONAL HYGIENE MATTERS PERSONAL HYGIENE MATTERS ◦Keeping your body clean is an important part of staying healthy. The simple act of washing hands before eating and after using the toilet is a proven and effective tool in fighting germs to avoid sickness. ◦Being clean and well-presented is also an important part of gaining confidence for teenagers. Helping adolescent child with the basics of personal hygiene: Helping adolescent child with the basics of personal hygiene: Helping adolescent child with the basics of personal hygiene:  ADOLESCENCE BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS  ADOLESCENCE BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS 7. CHANGES IN SLEEP 1.MOOD SWINGS PATTERNS 2.SUBSTANCE ABUSE 8. SELF HARM 3.CHANGES IN ACADEMIC 9. ISOLATION PERFORMANCES 10. CONTROLLING 4.IRRITABILITY MOVEMENT 5.RISKY BEHAVIORS 11. CYBERBULLYING PEERS 6.SUICIDAL IDEATION  MOOD SWINGS ◦Extreme mood swings. Moodiness is a common characteristic of adolescence, but excessive or unpredictable emotional shifts can be a red flag.  SUBSTANCE ABUSE ◦Also known as drug abuse, is the use of a drug in amounts or by methods that are harmful to the individual or others. It is a form of substance- related disorder. CHANGES IN ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ◦ Factors contributing to poor academic performance in students include lack of family support, financial issues, motivation, learning facilities, teaching methodologies, interaction, equality, demographic factors, mental ability, study habits, and sleep  IRRITABILITY ◦Intense irritability or anger that is disproportionate to the situation at hand can be a significant red flag when assessing teenage behavior.  RISKY BEHAVIORS ◦Risky behaviors can take various forms, such as substance abuse, reckless driving, self- harm, unsafe sexual practices, or participation in illegal  SUICIDAL IDEATION ◦Teens may begin expressing a desire to hurt or kill themselves, fantasizing about dying, giving away possessions, or making comments like, “The world would be better off without me.”  CHANGES IN SLEEP PATTERNS ◦Drastic changes in sleep patterns can be indicative of underlying teenage behavior disorders. Sleep plays a crucial role in a teenager's physical and mental  SELF HARM ◦Self-Harm. One of the most distressing red flags in teenage behavior, self-harm is when a teenager intentionally inflicts injury or pain on themselves.  ISOLATION ◦Isolating in their room or avoiding contact; Low self-esteem, self-blame, guilt Sleep disorders; Changes in appetite; Restlessness or slow  CONTROLLING MOVEMENT ◦Teens must understand that relationships should feel safe and supportive, not controlling or oppressive  CYBERBULLYING PEERS ◦The root cause of cyberbullying is that people feel more powerful behind a screen to make them feel better about themselves.