Peace Education WEEK 1-revised.docx

***PEACE EDUCATION*** ***Peace Building***- long-term project of building peaceful communities, a desirable goal. ***Holistic Understanding of Peace*** - *"***Absence of death and destruction as a result of war and physical/direct violence**" -simplest and most widespread understanding...

***PEACE EDUCATION*** ***Peace Building***- long-term project of building peaceful communities, a desirable goal. ***Holistic Understanding of Peace*** - *"***Absence of death and destruction as a result of war and physical/direct violence**" -simplest and most widespread understanding of peace - **Structural violence led to death and suffering** because of the conditions that resulted from it: - Extreme Poverty - Starvation - Avoidable Diseases - Discrimination against minority groups; and - Denial of Human Rights - ***Peace***- is both the **absence of personal/direct violence**, and the **presence of social justice**. - ***Peace***- can be captured by the idea of a negative peace and the idea of a positive peace. - ***Negative Peace***- is the **absence of war or physical/direct violence** (both macro and micro) - **Direct Violence**- war, torture, child and woman abuse - ***Positive Peace***- is the **presence of just and non-exploitative relationships**, as well as human ecological well-being, such that the root causes of conflict are diminished. -presence of conditions of well-being and just relationships: social, economic, political, ecological - **Structural Violence**- e.g., poverty, hunger - **Socio-cultural Violence**- e.g., racism, sexism, religious intolerance - **Ecological Violence**- e.g., pollution, overconsumption ***Levels of Peace*** I. ***PERSONAL PEACE*** - Self-respect - Inner resources - Love - Hope II. ***INTERPERSONAL PEACE*** - Respect for other persons - Justice - Tolerance - Cooperation III. ***INTERGROUP/NATIONAL/*** ***SOCIAL PEACE*** - Respect for other groups within nation - Justice - Tolerance - Cooperation IV. ***GLOBAL PEACE*** - Respect for other nations - Concern for human community V. ***PEACE BETWEEN HUMANS AND THE EARTH AND BEYOND*** - Respect for the environment - Sustainable Living - Simple Lifestyle ***Violence*** \- humanly inflicted harm ***TYPES OF VIOLENCE*** - Direct/physical - Personal: - Suicide - Drug Abuse - Interpersonal/ Community: - Domestic Violence - Violent Crimes - National: - Civil War - Violent Crimes - Human rights abuses - Global: - Conventional War - Nuclear War - Human Rights Abuses - Structural/ economic, political: - Personal: - Powerlessness - Interpersonal Community: - Local Inequalities - Poverty - Hunger - Prejudice/enemy images - National: - National Inequalities - Poverty - Hunger - Prejudice/enemy images - Global: - Global Inequalities - Poverty - Hunger - Prejudice/enemy images - Socio-cultural/psychological: - Personal: - Alienation - Low self-esteem - Anxiety - Interpersonal/ community: - Cultural domination - Racism - Sexism - Religious Intolerance - National: - Cultural domination - Racism - Sexism - Religious Intolerance - Global: - Cultural domination - Racism - Sexism - Religious Intolerance - Ecological: - Personal: - Overconsumption - Interpersonal/ Community: - Overconsumption - Pollution - National: - Overconsumption - Pollution - Chemical and biological warfare - Global: - Overconsumption - Pollution - Chemical and biological warfare ***Why educate for peace?*** - 'Peace education has an important social purpose: ***it seeks to transform the present human condition by "changing social structures and patterns of thought that have created it."*** -Betty Reardon - Learning to abolish war - To eliminate social injustice, reject violence and abolish war. ***Peace Education*** \- is the process of acquiring the values, the knowledge and developing the attitudes, skills and behaviors to live in harmony with oneself, with others, and with the natural environment. ***Theoretical Framework of Peace Education*** 1. **Dismantling a culture of war** - overcoming militarization - ceasing wars - resolving and transforming violent conflicts - addressing **micro-levels of violence** - domestic violence, - bullying - sports and symbolic violence in media; - war toys etc**.** 2. **Living with Justice and Compassion** - eliminating structural violence, - challenging dominant paradigms 3. **Promoting Human Rights** - preventing violations - upholding all forms of rights for all individuals and groups; - human responsibilities 4. **Building intercultural respect, reconciliation, and solidarity** - intercultural, multicultural and interfaith understanding, dialogue and respect; - overcoming discrimination, - racism, - xenophobia 5. Living in Harmony with the Earth - preventing environmental destruction, - overcoming the ecological crisis, - sustainable living and futures 6. **Cultivating or nurturing inner peace** ***Pedagogical Principles***: 1. ***Holism***- viewing something as a whole. 2. ***Dialogue*** -- seeks to promote mutual understanding 3. ***Values Formation***- emphasizes the need to motivate learners to understand and practice the values of peace building 4. ***Critical Empowerment***- means that learning is not just abstract, cognitive and understanding; it needs to be translated into action for personal and social transformation ***Peace Education as Transformative Education*** - Peace Education or an education that promotes a culture of peace, is *essentially transformative*. - It cultivates the knowledge behaviors have either created or exacerbated violent conflicts. - *The learning process utilized in peace education is holistic and it tries to address the cognitive, effective and active dimensions of the learner*. ***Peace Education is a Practical Alternative*** - It is expected to build a critical mass of people who will demand for and address the needed personal and structural changes that will transform the many problems that relate to peace into nonviolent, humane and ecological alternatives and solutions. - Political advocacy of nonviolent resolution of conflict is a key element of peace education - Education on nonviolent conflict resolution approaches can improve the quality of human relationship and bring about solutions that are constructive, fair, and helpful to all parties concerned. Peace Education is an Ethical Imperative - Educating for peace is an ethical imperative considering the negation of life and well-being caused by all forms of violence - These ethical principles include the unity and value of life, not only of human dignity; nonviolence; justice; and love as social ethic. - They are principles that are highly encouraged for actualization because they are expected to bring us to the common good. 1. Holistic concept of peace 2. Conflict & Violence Causes 3. Some peaceful alternatives: - Disarmament - Nonviolence-Philos & practice Conflict resolution, Transformation, prevention - Human rights - Human Solidarity - Democratization - Development Based on justice - Sustainable Development ***SKILLS*** 1. Reflection 2. Critical thinking & Analysis 3. Decision making 4. Imagination 5. Conflict resolution 6. Empathy 7. Group building ***ATTITUDES/ VALUES*** 1. Self-respect 2. Respect for others 3. Gender equality 4. Respect for life/ nonviolence 5. Compassion 6. Global concern 7. Ecological concern 8. Cooperation 9. Openness & tolerance 10. Justice 11. Social responsibility 12. Positive vision