The Biological Female and Male Anatomy PDF

## THE BIOLOGICAL FEMALE Anatomy is the study of body structure in relation to body parts. The female sexual anatomy is designed for the production and fertilization of ovum, as well as carrying and delivering infant offspring. Puberty signals the final development of primary and accessory organs t...

## THE BIOLOGICAL FEMALE Anatomy is the study of body structure in relation to body parts. The female sexual anatomy is designed for the production and fertilization of ovum, as well as carrying and delivering infant offspring. Puberty signals the final development of primary and accessory organs that support reproduction. ### Female External Genitalia: * **Vulva** - all the external genital structures taken together; * **Mons Veneris** - pads of fatty tissue between pubic bone and skin; * **Labia Majora** - outer lips surrounding all the other structures; * **Prepuce** - clitoral hood (foreskin above and covering clitoris); * **Clitoris** - glans (head), shaft, and crura (root), the clitoris is particularly sensitive to stimulation; * **Labia Minora** - inner lips surrounding the vestibule where sweat and oil glands, extensive blood vessels, and nerve endings are located; * **Vestibule** - area surrounding the urethral opening and vagina, which is highly sensitive with extensive blood vessels and nerve endings; * **Urethral Opening** - end of tube connecting to bladder and used for urination; * **Vaginal Opening** - also called introitus; and * **Perineum** - area of skin separating the genitalia from the anus, distance is less in females than males. ### Female Internal Reproductive Structures: * **Ovary** * **Fallopian tube** * **Uterus** * **Broad ligament** * **Endometrium** * **Myometrium** * **Internal Os** * **External Os** * **Cervix** * **Vagina** * **Vagina** - collapsible canal extending from vaginal opening back and upward into body to cervix and uterus. During arousal, it is engorged with blood. This aids its expansion and triggers the release of lubricants from vaginal mucosa; * **Cervix** - small end of uterus to which vagina leads. It is the opening in cervix leading to interior of uterus; * **Uterus** - womb, organ within pelvic zone where fetus is carried; * **Fallopian Tubes** - carry egg cells from ovaries to uterus, this is where fertilization occurs; and ## THE BIOLOGICAL MALE The male sexual anatomy is designed for the production and delivery of sperm for fertilization of the female's ovum. Puberty signals the final development of primary and accessory organs that support reproduction. ### Male External Genitalia: * **Prepuce** - foreskin covering head of penis, removed in male circumcision; * **Penis** - glans (head), shaft, and root. The glans is particularly sensitive to stimulation. Running the length of the penis is the urethra surrounded by the spongy body and two cylindrical chambers known as the cavernous bodies. During arousal, these become engorged with blood, resulting in erection; * **Corona** - rim of glans where it arises from shaft; * **Frenulum** - thin strip of skin connecting glans and shaft on underside of penis; * **Scrotum** - sac that encloses the two compartments housing the testes; * **Urethral Opening** - found on head of penis this is the end of tube connected to bladder and used for urination. It is also tube to which internal structures deliver semen by which male ejaculates; and * **Perineum** - area of skin separating the genitalia from the anus, distance is greater in males than females. ### Male Internal Reproductive Organs: * **Testes** - produce androgen, particularly large quantities of testosterone, which greatly influence male development and drive sexual motivation; also produce sperm cells in virtually unlimited quantity over the entire course of the lifespan; * **Vas Deferens** - travels from testicle toward urethra carrying sperm; * **Seminal Vesicles** - two glands that produce alkaline fluid rich in fructose sugar, comprising some 70% of semen volume. Alkaline nature may stimulate sperm to start self-propulsion and sugar may provide sperm nutrients. Ducts carry fluid and connect with vas deferens forming ejaculatory ducts; * **Ejaculatory Ducts** - connect vas deferens to urethra.