Parenteral Dosage Forms PDF
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Uploaded by ThrillingRegionalism
Ain Shams University
Dr. Esraa Mostafa Elnahas, Dr. Taqwa Mohammed Abdulsalam
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Summary
This document provides a comprehensive overview of parenteral drug administration. It details various routes, including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, and intradermal injections. Additionally, the document outlines dosage forms and considerations for each route, highlighting advantages, disadvantages, and precautions.
Full Transcript
Dosage forms of Drugs and Routes of Administration Dr /Esraa Mostafa Elnahas Dr/ Taqwa Mohammed Abdulsalam Lecturers in Clinical Pharmacology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain- Shams University Routes of Administration Enteral Parenteral I...
Dosage forms of Drugs and Routes of Administration Dr /Esraa Mostafa Elnahas Dr/ Taqwa Mohammed Abdulsalam Lecturers in Clinical Pharmacology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain- Shams University Routes of Administration Enteral Parenteral Inhalation Topical Liquid Solid PARENTERAL DOSAGE FORMS & ROUTES PARENTERAL DOSAGE FORMS I. Injections (liquid) Drugs are dispensed in: ❑Ampoule (single use) ❑Vial (single or multiple use) ❑Bottle (or IV bags) ❑Prefilled syringes 1. Ampules 2. Vials Single dose of sterile May be a multi-dose solution or preparation suspension 3. Prefilled syringes For drugs requiring accurate dosing II.Solid (S.C. implantation): e.g: Contraceptive Pellets (Implants OR implanon ) - - - Placed under the skin Types of injections Intravenous Intramuscular Subcutaneous Intradermal PARENTERAL ROUTE I.V.I Site of injection: Adult: superficial veins in dorsum of hand and forearm. for long term administration Subclavian common internal or external jugular vein Volume: From less than 1ml to liters (big volumes) Requirements Trained person Aqueous only. Given slowly with monitoring the patients. N.B. very irritant drugs can be given. ❖ Precautions: 1. Accurate dose calculation 2. Strict aseptic conditions 3. Slow administration 4. Exclude air out from the syringe to avoid air embolism 5. Aspirate blood to be sure in vein ❖Advantages: ▪ Immediate onset Suitable for Emergency ▪ 100% bioavailability ▪ Suitable for irritant drugs & large volumes (infusion) ❖Indications: Emergency conditions (Shock, convulsions) Fluid therapy (saline, blood,…) Anesthesia Disadvantages Most dangerous ▪ Transmission of diseases as Hepatitise, AIDS,... ▪ If allergy → Anaphylactic shock. ▪ If very irritant → phlebitis & thrombophlebitis ▪ If Extravasation → Necrosis ▪ Air embolism ▪ Once injected, No return ▪ Not suitable for oily preparation (fat embolism). ▪ Infection of IV catheter & small thrombi on its tip. ▪Needs trained person 2. Intramuscular route: ❖ Volume of IM injection for adults: 5ml) or irritant drugs Painful Abscess Accidental IVI Or nerve injury 3. Subcutaneous (S.C) Injection: Between the dermis and the muscle. Volume of injection:
