Overview on Types, Characteristics, Etiologies of Aphasia - Part 1 PDF

Overview on Types, Characteristics, Etiologies of Acquired Language Disorders Sondos Sarouji. MSc, Speech-Language Pathologist  Introduct ion Language and cognitive disorders associated with acquired ne...

Overview on Types, Characteristics, Etiologies of Acquired Language Disorders Sondos Sarouji. MSc, Speech-Language Pathologist  Introduct ion Language and cognitive disorders associated with acquired neurological injury: ▫Aphasia: difficulties in expressing, understanding, reading, or writing oral and written language. ▫Right Hemisphere Damage: memory impairment, attention and impulsivity problems, and visual dysfunction. ▫Traumatic Brain Injury: cognitive impairment caused by brain damage from injury. ▫Dementia: loss of linguistic and cognitive ability due to a progressive brain disease.  Definition of Aphasia Literally means “without language”. Definition: ▫ A disturbance in the adult language system after the language has been established or learned. ▫ Results from neurological injury to the language-dominant hemisphere of the brain. ▫ Includes disturbances of receptive and/or expressive abilities for both spoken and/or written language.  Additional Considerations Aphasia is not developmental, it is acquired following a neurological injury. A person with aphasia usually has intact psychosocial skills; ▫ Must be careful not to confuse language deficits in of an individual with aphasia for a more general psychological disturbance Aphasia is a language-based dysfunction, not a motor-based dysfunction, although the two sometimes coexist.  Definition of Aphasia Defining Aphasia Non- Typologi Cogniti Soci typologi cal cal ve al  Non- typological A unitary disorder, varied symptoms do not justify a classification into types. “A language deficits that crosses all modalities as a result of brain damage, of the capacity for interpretation and formulation of language symbols.” Schuell, Jenkins & Jimenez-Pabon (1964) Darley (1982)  Non- typological Darley expanded to include these deficits: a) Reading, writing, speaking & comprehension b) Deficiency in speaking & understanding language, especially morphemes and large syntactic units c) Language impairment that exceeds impairment of other intellectual functions d) Reduced access to vocabulary e) Impairment using syntactic rules f) Impaired in auditory retention span g) Disturbed input and output channel selection Thank you