Origin_Elec_Memb_Potential Sep 16th PDF

Broelectricity Neurophysiology - Biology 3305 Human and Comparative Physiology  with nervous system organisms behavious regulation allow for more precise - sensory process mechanism - -...

Broelectricity Neurophysiology - Biology 3305 Human and Comparative Physiology  with nervous system organisms behavious regulation allow for more precise - sensory process mechanism - - allows to retain information to environment fast response - Notall organismsured a Ns to perform sophisticated behaviour Current Biology 25, R775–R792, September 21, 2015  Brain - is a concentration of cellular nervous tissues and sensory systems Cephalization) head benefit of humans eyes , , ears etc allows information to the brain faster and go react fast to sensory functions - Brains are not essential for [ex) - survival earthworms , can substitute the ganglia for the brain functions. Even humans have ganglias gangha loaded : nervous with senses ; system https://animalphys4e.sinauer.com/boxex1501.html Paramediums doesn't have Paramecium are singlecelled organism - a nervous system capable to sophisticated behaviour e. g locomotions compartmentalization Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International they locomote with clia * and bump into something they stop beating their alia forward and in reverse so they can - when back they locomote the obstacle , and them return back to their initial motion of locomotion. up from - Done without a nervous system · alium & mechano sensitive channet ↓ When Catt enters the cells of paramecium It activates the secondary effect of avoid reversal response to collision- catt flows inside because of its concentration gradient through the Passive chane- http://www.watpa.org/10706/MSProject/paramecium.htm One would be justified in saying that the basic purpose of all life on Earth is to forcefully prevent ions from settling down to a nice electrochemical equilibrium on either side of a membrane. Alex Yartsev Derangedphysiology.com  standard adult male Total (42L) of H2O inside outside Intracellular Extracellular (inside cells – 25L) (outside cells – 17L) Intravascular Extravascular tissues (In blood vessels – Plasma) fluids (3L) Interstitial Transcellular (between cells) (compartments bounded by (13L) epithelia e.g. CSF, synovial fluid, aqueous humor) (1L) Plasma, Serum Interstitial Fluid Fluid (liquid component) of blood (or lymph, milk) Fluid between (in the spaces between) cells comprising tissues High protein content Lower protein content than plasma Bathes blood cells Bathes cells comprising tissues Plasma Liquid, cell-free part of blood that has been treated with anticoagulants. · liquids z when blood is coagulated a blood clots Serum is made , => solds Serum Liquid part of blood after coagulation. It is devoid of clotting factors (e.g. fibrinogen) -ve element are balanced with treelements equilibrium is maintained in cells (phospholid bilayers · membrane Ths because of molecules that make up the · is - similar Impartment - only diff is concentrations  Coltiz0o-glucose - polymerizes to make carbohydrate -non-polar molecule. G electronegative Polarized light micrograph of glucose crystals  4 crystal G - - sphere random process. Molecule with water around them are in a hydrogen Dissolving of glucone is a - Two compartment model molecules surrounded molecules need to mountain equilibrium ; the Diffusions occurs because be I I hydrogen sphere. sped up with & : can be process - · heat · Remove the barrier share them toget ACS water, alchol, oil dissolving a M&M https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTvp1wc03b0 How water dissolves salt – CMN production (no sound) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdedxfhcpWo Brownian motion – for teachers (cool guy from UK private school) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GkuYWdH8r4 Brownian motion – statistical analysis (flight of bumblebee music) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdz7wFHSLD0 What is Brownian motion – dust particles, british guy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m5JnJBq2AU Adolf Fick (1829-1901) Fick’s law of diffusion 1st to measure cardiac output (Fick principle) His nephew invented the contact lens. dQ/dt is a flux, J, is the amount of substance crossing a membrane per unit area per unit time (eg. mol·m-2·s-1) Ds is the diffusion coefficient A is the area of the membrane x is the thickness of the membrane (dx) C2-C1 / x is the concentration difference over the thickness of the membrane (dC/dx) Jacobus H. van’t Hoff 1901 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Thermodynamics Osmotic Pressure Walther Nernst 1920 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Thermodynamics Ex is the equilibrium potential R is the gas constant (=8.314 J K-1 mol-1) T is temperature in Kelvin (0K = -273.15 °C) z is the charge on the ion species F is Faraday’s constant (=96,487 Coulomb/g-equivalent charge) [X]o and [X]i refer to the concentrations of the ion, X, outside and inside the cell respectively. It’s important to always express outside over inside so that you get the correct sign on the result.  𝑅𝑇 𝑃𝐾 [𝐾 +]𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑃𝑁𝑎 [𝑁𝑎+]𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑃𝐶𝑙 [𝐶𝑙 −]𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑚 = ln 𝐹 𝑃𝐾 [𝐾 +]𝑖𝑛 + 𝑃𝑁𝑎 [𝑁𝑎+]𝑖𝑛 + 𝑃𝐶𝑙 [𝐶𝑙 −]𝑜𝑢𝑡 David E. Goldman Alan Lloyd Hodgkin Bernard Katz Sperelakis (2001) Dr. Derek Bowie Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Faculty of Medicine, 3649 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Room 164, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3G 0B1