Fungi Review PDF

FUNGI REVIEW ​Define mycology the study of fungi, a group that includes the mushrooms and yeasts. ​Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not. ​What are fungi not in plant kingdom (4) absence of photosynthet...

FUNGI REVIEW ​Define mycology the study of fungi, a group that includes the mushrooms and yeasts. ​Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not. ​What are fungi not in plant kingdom (4) absence of photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll, ​Define chitin A type of polysaccharide (sugar molecule) that is made by some plants and animals. ​Describe environment for growing fungi dark, moist conditions. ​Why are decomposers needed Earth's cleanup crew. ​Difference between septate and coenocytic Coenocytic hyphae lack septa and contents of the hyphae can move freely.  ​Name 4 phyla for Fungi Kingdom, give common name, and give one example of each Chytridiomycota Chytrids Allomyces Zygomycota Bread molds Rhizopus stolonifer Ascomycota Sac fungi Penicillium Basidiomycota Club fungi Mushrooms ​For each of the 4 phylum above describe how they reproduce (Phyla of the Fungi) The club-shaped basidium carries spores called basidiospores, bread moulds reproduce asexually by the spore formation, Sac fungi reproduce asexually which leads to the production of conidiophores that release haploid conidiospores, Some chytrids reproduces solely by asexual means via zoospores. Other species do reproduce sexually. ​Difference between autotroph and heterotroph Autotrophs are producers who prepare their own food. Heterotrophs are consumers who depend on other sources for their food ​2 ways fungi get food Saprotrophic fungi obtain their food from dead organic material and are ecologically useful decomposers. ​Define saprophyte  a living thing (as a fungus) that lives on the dead or decaying material of plants and animals. ​Name AND describe 3 types of reproduction Fungi reproduce asexually by fragmentation, budding, or producing spores. ​Benefits of asexual and sexual reproduction Asexual reproduction can be more efficient in terms of time and energy, as only one individual is required to produce offspring. However, sexual reproduction can lead to increased genetic diversity and the ability to adapt to changing environments. ​Why are yeasts different in fungi kingdom With their single-celled growth habit, yeasts can be contrasted with molds, which grow hyphae. ​How does yeast work in bread making Once reactivated, yeast begins feeding on the sugars in flour, and releases the carbon dioxide that makes bread rise ​What is symbiosis and list and describe the 3 types Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit. Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while the other species is not affected. Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship in which one species (the parasite) benefits while the other species (the host) is harmed. ​Describe symbiotic relationship of lichen Lichen is a symbiotic association between algae and fungi. Alga is the source of food as it can synthesize food for this simple symbiotic association and the fungus absorbs water and minerals for the algae. ​What is mycorrhizae a fungus which grows in association with the roots of a plant in a symbiotic or mildly pathogenic relationship. 4 major Phyla Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota Mold life cycle Hyphae growth, Spore formation, Spore liberation, and Spore germination. Complete the charts below ​ ​  ​ ​ REMEMBER: -know vocab -review bonus question