Prevention and personal protection - Emergency Response Guidebook PDF

**\"Prevention and personal protection\"** Preventive Evidence **\*\*Guidelines for the Transportation of Hazardous Chemical Materials:\*\*** It contains 2500 chemical substances identified by their United Nations number and CAS number. This guideline provides information on the properties of the...

**\"Prevention and personal protection\"** Preventive Evidence **\*\*Guidelines for the Transportation of Hazardous Chemical Materials:\*\*** It contains 2500 chemical substances identified by their United Nations number and CAS number. This guideline provides information on the properties of the chemical substance and how to handle it during transportation and storage to avoid any incidents such as fire, leakage, or spillage. **\*\*HAZMAT System:\*\*** This is a guideline that contains information on 10,500 chemical substances and includes the following details: \- Chemical and physical properties of the substance \- Toxicity \- Suitable firefighting materials \- Personal protective equipment when handling the substance \- Evacuation distances in case of leakage \- First aid measures **\*\*Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG):\*\*** The Emergency Response Guidebook is a guide used to assist responders in identifying the general hazards of a substance quickly. It is designed to serve first responders by providing protection for themselves and the general public during the initial stages of an incident response. **Sections of the guide:** 1\. Signboard Table. 2\. Graphical Charts for Tank and Trailer (ID). 3\. Yellow Section (United 4Nations Number of the Substance). 4\. Blue Section (Name of the Substance). 5\. Orange Section (Page Guide). 6\. Green Part (Isolation Distances). **\"The signboard table\"** refers to various signs used in the transportation of hazardous goods. These signs are associated with their respective guide number (**orange section**), consisting of three digits. **2. Graphical Charts for Tank and Trailer.** The graphical charts illustrate the general shapes of the locomotive and the trailer used in the transportation of hazardous goods. These shapes are associated with their respective guide number (orange section), consisting of three digits. **3. Yellow Section (ID Number):** In this section, materials are arranged according to the United Nations Identification Number, which consists of four digits. It is followed by the guide number in the orange section and then the scientific name of the substance. **4. Blue Section (Cargo Names):** In this section, materials are arranged alphabetically according to their scientific name. It is followed by the guide number in the orange section, then its specific identification number (Identification number), consisting of four digits **5. Orange Section (Page Guide):** This section contains: 1\. Potential Hazards: Fire, explosion, and health effects. 2\. General Safety: Area isolation (safe distances), protective clothing, and evacuation (safe distances). 3\. Emergency Response: Procedures to be followed in the event of an accident, including: \- Fire, whether small or large, including tanks and trailers. \- Leakage and spillage, whether small or large, involving tanks and trailers. \- First aid procedures. **6. Green Part (Initial Isolation and Safe Distances for Protection Against Hazardous Substances):** This section contains: 1. Table of Initial Isolation and Safe Distances. 2. Table of important chemicals that react with water and produce toxic gases. **Instructions for using the preventive guide:** The guide consists of three parts: the first being the guide\'s usage key. Each page in it consists of five columns. The first column contains the substance\'s name alphabetically arranged, the second column contains the United Nations number for each substance, and the third column contains the preventive guide number for easy reference in the second part of the guide. The fourth column contains the storage guide number and the substance\'s properties for easy reference in the third part of the guide, while the fifth column displays the hazard ranking for each substance according to the United Nations classification. **To make optimal use of the guide, please follow these steps:** **Firstly**: identify the chemical substance using any of the following methods \- The four-digit number as it appears in the hazardous warning sign or in the orange rectangular panel, typically found on the rear of the substance carrier. \- The four-digit number written after the letters on the shipping documents, as shown below, or the chemical substance\'s name on the warning shipping documents or labels on the substance container. **Secondly**: search the first part of the guide for the substance\'s name or its number (first and second columns) to find the preventive guide number, as listed in the third column, to refer back to it in the second part of the guide and obtain the required information. **Thirdly**: open the page of the preventive guide according to the numbering in any part. It is essential to read the instructions carefully before taking any action. **Fourthly**: search the fourth column of the first part for the number that can be referred to in the third part of the guide, which discusses the chemical substance and its storage method. **Note:** 1\. If it is impossible to identify the name or number of the substance and professional assistance cannot be obtained, you can refer to Guide Number (1). 2\. The guide only includes explosives categorized into four classes: \- Class -A explosives should use Protective Guide Number 26. \- Class -B explosives should use Protective Guide Number 36. \- Class -C explosives should use Protective Guide Number 40. \- Blasting Agents should use Protective Guide Number 36. 3\. If it is impossible to find the protective guide number for a chemical substance, you should immediately contact civil defense emergency services. - **International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC):** Another valuable source of information is the International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC). This document may accompany shipments of hazardous materials or be available in industrial facilities that store these materials. These documents can provide information similar to that available **in the 2000 Emergency** Response Guidebook. If responders obtain both sources, they should compare them to note any differences. - **The guidance sign:** The guidance sign consists of a group of symbols and numbers, each with specific meanings that will be explained later. The sign must be made of weather-resistant materials and securely fastened to the container or tank transporting the chemicals in a prominent and visible location for easy identification and recognition. **Technical specifications for the guidance sign:** \- The guidance sign is divided into four main parts, as shown in the following diagram. **The color of:** **part (1)** is white, and it is specific to the warning sign for the chemical substance. This is an internationally recognized symbol that indicates the hazard of the chemical substance, such as: \- Flammable substance, whether solid, liquid, or gas. \- Oxidizing substance. \- Corrosive substance. \- Toxic substance. \- Radioactive substance. **The remaining parts of the guidance sign (4, 3, 2) are in orange and are as follows:** \- **Part (2):** It indicates emergency procedures that must be followed when dealing with these chemical substances in case of emergencies. There are approximately 2500 hazardous substances, each with its own protective code consisting of a number and one or more letters that have a specific meaning written on the firefighter\'s card. **- Part (3):** It indicates the UN number of the chemical substance, through which detailed information about the substance and its scientific name can also be obtained. **- Part (4):** It indicates the scientific name of the substance, through which specialists can easily understand the chemical and physical properties of the substance. **The dimensions of the guidance sign are:** **- Length: 70 cm.** \- **Width: 40 cm.** **Inquiring about chemical substances via computer:** Chemical substances can be queried and information about them obtained through the computer using various computerized chemical systems and programs, including: 1\. Early Warning System (Operations). 2\. NIOSH Hazardous Substance Program. 3\. CAMEO Program. 4\. Through the internet/search engine. **Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO) is actually a suite of four core programs that can be used together or separately:** 1\. CAMEO fm. 2\. CAMEO Chemicals. 3\. MARPLOT. 4\. ALOHA. 1. **CAMEO** fm - Database and Information Management Tool.  **Database and Information Management Tool:** It is an application for database (such as facility and contacts) to assist in data management requirements within the framework of emergency planning. Most facilities include basic information to identify the facility, its contact information, and information such as storage quantities, storage conditions, and locations of chemicals or materials used in the facility. This program contains thousands of specific response information. There are two types of data in the basic database: **1. Chemical Data:** Provides information about [**chemical physical properties, health hazards, air and** **water hazards**], recommendations for firefighting, first aid, and spill containment. **2. UN Data:** Provides response information from **the [Emergency Response Guidebook and]** [ **shipping information for hazardous materials**]. Chemicals can be added to the program to assess the potential hazards of mixing these substances together.  It is an application for **[mapping for response, planning, and local operationa]l** tasks. Users can add information to the map through their graphical objects (such as chemical facilities and schools) or responses. Additionally, contaminated areas for potential scenarios can be displayed on the maps to determine potential impacts and assist users in making decisions about the level of exposure posed. 4\. **ALOHA** - Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres: It is an atmospheric dispersion model used to assess chemical vapor releases. It also allows users to calculate the dispersion of a plume based on the toxicity/physical properties of the released chemical, weather conditions, and specific dispersion conditions. The hazardous areas associated with different types of hazardous chemical releases, including toxic gas plumes, fires, and explosions, can be estimated. Hazardous areas can be displayed on maps to help users assess spatial geographic information, such as whether locations like hospitals and schools could be affected by the release. **\"Chemler Code\"** This is a description of a hazardous material placard. It is an orange-colored panel divided into two sections: an upper section and a lower section. These placards are affixed to tanks carrying hazardous materials**. [The upper section contains a hazard identification number, while the lower section contains the United Nations identification number for the substance.]** **Firefighter\'s card:** This card serves as the key to the emergency response symbols on the guidance panel, as illustrated below**[.]**  **Number 1** indicates that the appropriate firefighting material is water in a direct stream (JET). **Number 2** indicates that the appropriate material is water in a spray (FOG). **Number 3** indicates that the appropriate material is foam (FOAM). **Number 4** indicates that the appropriate material is dry powder. **Number 0** means that the suitable material is alcohol-resistant foam.