ONGOING-PURCOM-REBYUWER.docx

**The Communication Process** \- Definition: Communication is the exchange of thoughts, ideas, concepts, and emotions. [Basic Concepts:] \- Communication exists wherever humans are. \- It can occur without all participants being present. \- It can happen over distances and does not always requi...

**The Communication Process** \- Definition: Communication is the exchange of thoughts, ideas, concepts, and emotions. [Basic Concepts:] \- Communication exists wherever humans are. \- It can occur without all participants being present. \- It can happen over distances and does not always require words. **Elements of Communication** 1\. Sender: Initiates communication (also known as encoder or speaker). 2\. Message: The information conveyed. 3\. Channel: The medium used to transmit the message (verbal or non-verbal). 4\. Receiver: The person or group who decodes the message (also known as decoder). 5\. Feedback: The response from the receiver, indicating the success of communication. 6\. Noise: Any interference that distorts the message. **Communication Models** 1\. Aristotle's Model: Focuses on the speaker and the speech delivered, emphasizing audience persuasion. 2\. Laswell's Model: Defines communication by answering \"Who says what in which channel to whom with what effect?\" 3\. Shannon-Weaver's Model: Describes the process of sending and receiving messages, highlighting the role of noise. 4\. Osgood-Schramm's Model: Illustrates communication as a cyclical process where each participant is both sender and receiver. **Types of Communication** \- *[Verbal Communication:]* Verbal communication uses words to convey messages and can be oral or written (Manzano, Arador, & Ladia, 2018). a\. Oral communication: includes spoken forms like face-to-face talks, group discussions, speeches, and phone or video calls. b\. Written communication: uses written symbols, such as emails, letters, reports, and memos. *[- Non-verbal Communication:]* Involves body language, touch, vocal tone, and other non-verbal cues. a\. Visual: Body language like facial expressions, eye movements, posture, and gestures. b\. Tactile: Using touch to communicate, like a handshake, pat on the shoulder, kiss, or hug. c\. Vocal: How we use our voice, including tone, volume, stress, and speed, to convey meaning. d\. Time, Space, and Image: Non-verbal cues like the distance we keep from others, our timing, and appearance that send messages without words. **Principles of Effective Communication** 1\. Clarity: Messages must be clear and unambiguous. 2\. Attention: Capturing the audience\'s attention is crucial. 3\. Feedback: Essential for determining communication success. 4\. Informality: Flexibility in communication style based on context. 5\. Consistency: Maintaining a clear objective throughout the communication. 6\. Timeliness: Ensuring communication is relevant and timely. 7\. Adequacy: Providing complete and accurate information. **Communication Ethics** \- Definition: Ethical communication involves responsibility, truthfulness, and respect for others. \- Credo for Ethical Communication: Guidelines promoting truthfulness, freedom of expression, and respect for diverse perspectives. **What is Globalization?** Globalization is the growing interdependence of the world\'s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information. It has been around since ancient times but has accelerated enormously in the last half-century due to advancements in technology and transportation. **How Does Globalization Affect Communication?** [Globalization directly affects global communication in the following ways:] \- Increases business opportunities by enabling companies to hire employees in other countries and connect with suppliers and customers worldwide \- Removes cultural barriers by making it easier for people to understand each other\'s cultures through media and frequent communication \- Creates a \"global village\" where distance and isolation no longer matter due to widespread telephone and internet access **Challenges in Multicultural Communication** [Some challenges in communicating across cultures include:] \- Ethnocentrism: Believing your own culture is superior to others \- Prejudice: Negative attitudes toward a group without understanding their culture \- Stereotyping: Oversimplified beliefs about a culture or group **Culture:** Culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, language, communication systems, and practices that define a group of people as a collective. In simpler terms, it\'s our way of life. **Characteristics of Culture:** 1\. Culture is learned: It\'s not something we\'re born with; we acquire it through interactions with family, peers, institutions, and media. This learning process is called enculturation. 2\. Culture is shared: We share culture with members of our group, allowing us to behave in socially acceptable ways and understand each other\'s actions. However, this doesn\'t mean that culture is the same for everyone within a group. 3\. Culture is based on symbols: Symbols, like language, money, and art, represent something else and are only meaningful when people agree on their significance. Language is the most important cultural symbol. 4\. Culture is integrated: All parts of a culture are interconnected, meaning that to fully understand a culture, one must learn about all its aspects, not just a few. 5\. Culture is dynamic: Cultures interact with and influence each other, leading to changes over time. If one part of a culture changes, the entire system may need to adjust to maintain balance.