Organizational Behaviour Module I Introduction PDF

Organizational Behaviour Module I Introduction to Organizational Behaviour What is an Organization?  Organizational Behaviour- Meaning Organizational Behaviour refers to the behaviour of people in the organizations because organizat...

Organizational Behaviour Module I Introduction to Organizational Behaviour What is an Organization?  Organizational Behaviour- Meaning Organizational Behaviour refers to the behaviour of people in the organizations because organizations themselves do not behave. OB is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behaviour within an organization. OB does not depend on assumptions and intuitions but attempts to gather information regarding an issue in a scientific manner under controlled conditions  Organizational Behaviour- Definition Organizational behaviour is directly concerned with the understanding, production and control of human behaviour in organizations. – Fred Luthans Organizational behaviour is field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on the behvaiour within the organization for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organization’s effectiveness.- Stephens P. Robbins  Characteristics of OB Behavioural OB as a Cause and approach to branch of effect managemen social relationship t sciences A body of Three levels A science theory, of analysis and art research and application Beneficial to Rational organization thinking and individual  Need and significance Influence Provides a road map of OB Uses scientific research organizational events Helps Maintaining individuals Helps in a cordial understand better industrial themselves delegation relations better Effective management of all sectors OB and other fields of Psychology study Sociology Anthropolog y Organizational Behaviour Political Science Economics Science Technology Engineering  Models of Organizational Behaviour 1. Autocratic Model The basis of this model is the power of the boss. i. Organization with an autocratic environment is authority oriented. It assumes employees have to directed, persuaded and pushed into performance ii. Absolute power rests with the boss iii. Autocratic model is successful in certain situations iv. May not be applicable now as there are various laws  Models of Organizational Behaviour 2. Custodial Model It was developed with a view to overcome the difficulties of the autocratic model i. Emphasizes on economic rewards and benefits ii. Employee depend on the organization rather than on the boss iii. They give passive cooperation iv. It brings security and satisfaction to the employees v. The drawback is that it depends only on material rewards to motivate the employee  Models of Organizational Behaviour 3. The Supportive Model Originated from the Principle of Supportive Relationships i. It depends on leadership instead of power of money ii. Leader assumes that worker will take responsibility iii. The management has to support the employee’s performance iv. It takes care of the psychological needs also and not just that of security and subsistence v. It helps create a friendly superior- subordinate relationship based on confidence and trust  Models of Organizational Behaviour 4. The Collegial Model An extension of the Supportive Model i. Worker feel that they are partners in the organization ii. Inculcates team spirit in the organization iii. Job satisfaction, job commitment, job involvement etc. iv. It is highly useful in research laboratories and similar work situations  Other Models Normative Empirical Ecological Models Models Models Non- Ideographic Nomothetic ecological Models Models Models  Hawthorne Studies Illumination Experiments Relay Assembly Test Room Experiments Experiments in interviewing workers Bank wiring room experiment  Learning Organizations A Learning Organization is understood as the one that has developed the capacity to adopt and change- they constantly learn In a learning organization, old order is demolished and new order is created This new order encourages managers to look at their people differently and to look at the environment afresh Learning Organizations- Characteristics System Thinking Personal Mastery Mental Models Building a shared vision Team Learning  Creating the Learning Capabilities for Organization Capabilities for scanning the self reflection environment Capabilities to Capabilities to disseminate act and information experiment  Creating the Learning Managers Systems A state of must be Organization thinking constant receptive to must be change new ideas cultivated Disseminate Mechanism Diversities knowledge to unlearn need to be throughout old cultivated the knowledge organization Personal efficacy  Need for Learning Organization To survive tomorrow’s knowledge based economy To manage intense global competition To cope with technological changes To handle demanding and fragmented markets To build a people based work system in a company  Challenges and Opportunities Manageri Work place forOrganizatio OB Global al Environment issues & nal challeng al Challeng challenge challenges es challenges es s Workforc Changing e demograph diversity ics of work Growing Dual no. of Gender career youngst factor couples ers  Challenges and Opportunities for OB Manageri Work place Organizatio Global Environment al issues & nal challeng al Challeng challenge challenges es challenges es s Changed Employee Employee employee Unionism privacy rights expectati on  Challenges and Opportunities for OB Manageri Work place Global al Organization Environmenta issues & challenge Challenge challenges al challenges l challenges s s Improvin g quality Managing Ethical Coping with technology & & temporarine behaviou productiv ss r innovation ity  Challenges and Opportunities for OB Manageri Work place Global al Organization Environmenta issues & challenge Challenge challenges al challenges l challenges s s Managing Managin global environme g cultural nt diversity  Challenges and Opportunities for OB Manageri Work place Organizatio Global al Environment issues & nal challeng Challeng challenge al challenges challenges es es s Personn Ecolog Pollutio Consumeris el R&D Policies y n policies m Organizational Goals Organizational goals are strategically set objectives that outline expected results and guide employees’ efforts. Purposes of organizational goals are to provide direction to employees of the organization. 3 types of organizational goals are: o Strategic goals- set by and for top management of the organization o Tactical goals- are for middle managers to focus on the actions necessary to achieve goals. o Operational goals- for lower-level managers to tackle shorter-term issues. Nature of Organizational Goals Make the Enable growth company to of the improve better organization and reach targets Help the company generate profits