LEADERSHIP & ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (BOSC5 – EN) PDF

LEAD LEADERSHIP & ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (BOSC5 – EN) Management models and leadership LEAD TOPIC 1  Upon successful completion of this topic, you will be able to: LEARNING 1. Discuss and analyze the purpose of management...

LEAD LEADERSHIP & ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (BOSC5 – EN) Management models and leadership LEAD TOPIC 1  Upon successful completion of this topic, you will be able to: LEARNING 1. Discuss and analyze the purpose of management systems. GOALS 2. Define the functions of managers; and 3. Identify the challenges to our understanding of management.  Recommendation for Reflection “Not all readers are leaders, but all leaders are readers.” https://www.netflix.com/ch-en/title/81035279 Organization’s engine Photo courtesy of Chris Winters – Great Lakes Fleet  Management system is a set of standard or best 1. Management practices that organizations System use to manage resources, policies, production and people toward company Organizational level goals. Peter F Drucker (1909-2005) Alignment at the top of the organization Trevor, J., & Varcoe, B. (2017). How aligned is your organization?. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2017/02/how-aligned-is-your-organization  Management is the art and skill of getting things 2. Management completed through people. Style It involves planning, organizing, leading and controlling resources individual level effectively and efficiently to achieve organizational goals. Principles of Management (textbook) explore, learn, and apply https://www.talkingaboutorganizations.com/e14/  Who is your role model? “A role model is a person whose behavior, example, or success is or can be emulated by others” (R. Merton, 1968)  11 Personal Assessment – Midterm project  Four functions of management: The P-O-L-C Framework Planning Choose Goals Controlling Organizing Monitor & measure Working together Leading Coordinate  POLC: Planning Planning is the process used by managers to identify and select appropriate goals and courses of action for an organization 3 steps to good planning: 1. Which goals should be pursued? 2. How should the goal be attained? 3. How should resources be allocated?  POLC: Organizing In organizing, managers create the structure of working relationships (group people into departments and lay out lines of authority and responsibility). This structure coordinates and motivates employees so that they work together to achieve goals. POLC: Leading Leadership involves a manager using power, influence, vision, persuasion, and communication skills. Managers determine direction, state a clear vision for employees to follow, and help employees understand the role they play in attaining goals. POLC: Controlling Controlling is the accurate measurement of performance and regulation of efficiency and effectiveness. Managers monitor individuals, departments, and the organization to evaluate how well the organization is achieving its goals and takes corrective action to improve performance.  Management levels Organizations often have 3 levels of managers Top Managers: Responsible for the performance of all departments and have cross- Top departmental responsibility. Managers Middle Managers: Supervise first-line managers and are responsible to find the best way to Middle use departmental resources to achieve goals. Managers First-line Managers: responsible for day-to-day First-line Managers operation. They supervise the people performing the activities required to make the good or service. Non-management From McGregor to Sutton … and Kotter  20 Personal Assessment – Midterm project  Mintzberg https://www.changeboard.com/article-details/17105/where-do-you-sit-on-mintzberg-s-art-science-craft-triangle-/  PERSONAL VALUES ASSESSMENT Midterm Package Find out what is important to you by taking a Personal Values Assessment. https://www.valuescentre.com /tools-assessments/pva/ Management can be role models Or only leaders can? Watch Gary Hamel, read Birkinshaw (2016) vs. Kotter (2001) In conclusion (?) Good or Evil traditional leadership theory is fascinated by the chief executive officer and all that it takes to be one Birkinshaw (2016: 6), “Except in sitcoms and comic strips, Leadership: “how to be competent, caring, and tough when managers don’t usually go to work in the morning necessary— and to be in tune with what it feels like to work for thinking, “I’m going to be an asshole today, I’m going to you” Sutton, R. (2012) Good Boss, Bad Boss make my employees’ lives miserable.”  Life is a series of choices Past decisions affect future choices Introduction Life is a series of choices. We face limited opportunities to make decisions, and sometimes only have one chance. Earlier decisions affect later decisions. We learn a lot about ourselves from making and living decisions, but we don’t have low stakes ways to do this in real life. What if you could learn from “living” life ahead of time? Copyright © 2020 President and Fellows of Harvard College. https://hbr.org/2002/09/crucibles-of-leadership  Short Debrief Copyright © 2020 President and Fellows of Harvard College.  Takeaway The way we prioritize our work and life impacts on our wellbeing. SIM helps to know the difference between what is urgent and what is important. Leadership theories LEAD TOPIC 1  1. Identify the central tenets and main limitations of classical leadership theories, contingency leadership theories and contemporary theories of LEARNING leadership. GOALS 2. Discuss how leaders can have a positive impact on their organizations through building trust and collaboration. 3. Identify the challenges to our understanding of leadership.  Recommendation for Reflection “Not all readers are leaders, but all leaders are readers.” https://www.amazon.com/Jiro-Dreams-Sushi- David-Gelb/dp/B008ODZEQ0 Big picture Leadership (+) Plan (++) Organize (+++) Lead (++) Control Principles of Management (2015) Chapter 1. Chapter 10. Developing your leadership skills Leadership is the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals. —Not all leaders are managers, nor are all managers leaders. Robbins & Judge (2019)  LEADERSHIP THEORIES AS BUILDING BLOCKS Classical: Traits and behaviors Contingency: Context, relationships, task Contemporary: Act of leading, abilities, strategies  CLASSICAL THEORIES Key takeaways Emphasis on the individual LEADER Trait Theories – What type of person makes a good leader? Behavioral Theories – What does a good leader do?  Trait theories of leadership Attributes of an individual that differentiate leaders from non-leaders ► Personality ► Social ► Physical ► Intellectual attributes Traits associated with leadership ► Need for achievement ► emotional stability ► self-confidence ► integrity ► perseverance Big 5 personality traits ► extraversion ► conscientiousness ► openness to experience ► empathy ► communication Traits do a better job predicting leadership emergence and appearance than distinguishing between effective and ineffective leaders Behavioral theories “Oriented towards the task/production: emphasizes “Oriented towards people: emphasizes interpersonal technical and productive aspects of work” relationships and the needs of employees” Extent to which a leader is likely to define and structure Extent to which a leader is likely to have job relationships his/her role in the search of goal attainment. characterized by mutual trust, respect for subordinates’ ideas, and regard for their feelings.  39 Personal Assessment – Midterm project  Example of leader´s behaviors Tinder CEO Faye Iosotaluno an Internet-based dating platform and portfolio company of Match Group https://www.cnbc.com/video/2023/05/09/tinder -coo-faye-iosotaluno-celebrates-her-asian- heritage.html  Self-managing Behaviors Acting strategically Accountability and responsibility Setting goals and persistence Vision for the future Managing complexity Effective at communication Team building (and promotion)  CONTINGENCY THEORIES Key takeaways Emphasis on the CONTEXT How does the situation influence good leadership? How does the followers perceive good leadership? How does the task at hand influence good leadership? Contingency theories Situation—contingency dimensions: ✓ Leader-follower relations ✓ Task structure and environment ✓ Position power Situational leadership theory (Hersey and Blanchard) focuses on the followers’ readiness Leader-participation model relates leadership behavior, decision making choices to reflect the task structure Fiedler contingency model group performance is a match between leader’s style and the situation Path-goal theory leader clarifies the path between employee and work environment to achieve goals  44 Personal Assessment – Midterm project  CONTEMPORARY THEORIES Key takeaways Emphasis on the act of leading What abilities and approaches deploy effective leaders What leadership strategies improve trust and collaboration Transactional / transformational leadership  Example of transactional Why did Lucy and Ethel behave that way? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6LUg-siJVs  Transformational Count the number of collaborators/associates/stakeholders that Joan Roca mentions in his interview https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9UUc5pqtVfk (Cont.) Emphasis on the liberty to act Deliberately “hands-off” approach Does the laissez-faire leadership strategy improve trust and collaboration? (Cont.)  Collaborative leadership Ibarra & Hansen (2011) HBS Strong skills in four areas: 1. playing the role of connector 2. attracting diverse talent 3. modeling collaboration at the top 4. showing a strong hand to keep teams from getting mired in debate  52 Personal Assessment – Midterm project  Authentic leadership and ethical behavior Lemoine, Hartnell, Leroy (2019) Academy of Management Annals Why we all want to be seen as authenthic (and why we often fail). Why should anyone be led by you? Key Challenge Charismatic leadership Charisma: Quality a person has to seduce, 1. Vision and articulation influence (even fascinate) others with words, attitudes, temperament, and actions. A powerful 2. Personal risk and fascinating charisma can sometimes confuse and neutralize other people’s judgment capacity. 3. Sensitivity to follower needs Charisma helps to lead and even to manipulate others. 4. Unconventional behavior Narcissist or Charismatic Leader ? … Recap (evidence-based)  … Recap The various leadership styles have their pros and cons. It is valuable to be able to assess them in light of your situation and your personal style. Authenticity has become recognized as being important regardless of the other leadership styles one uses. Anyone can be an authentic leader if he or she develops those skills. There is no time like the present to start! Leading and participating in teams LEAD TOPIC 1  1. Learn tips on effective team leading (collaboration and communication) LEARNING 2. Utilize the Team Role Models framework to enhance team GOALS participation, develop strengths, and address weaknesses 3. Apply this knowledge to solve real-world, leadership problems and diagnose effective teams LEADING TEAMS Key takeaways Types – Teams and groups are different work entities Success – small number of factors have an outsized impact on team success Roles – Do all team members play the same role? Today teams are different from the teams of the past: They’re far more diverse, dispersed, digital, and dynamic (with frequent changes in membership). Haas & Mortensen (2016) Popularity of teams in organizations Why are teams popular? Teams can achieve feats an individual could never accomplish. Teams are flexible and responsive to changing events. They can quickly assemble, deploy, refocus, and disband. They are an effective means to democratize organizations and increase employee involvement. They introduce a collaborative mindset. Workgroups or work teams? What matters most to collaboration? Team members Enabling conditions Personalities a compelling direction Attitudes a strong structure behavioral styles a supportive context Hackman (2002) Types of teams and team effectiveness Major flaw in aspiring leaders Instead of stand out peers, ensure to be seen as a good follower To Be a Good leaders need to be seen: Leader, Start ✓ as “one of us” (not “one of them”) By Being a ✓ as “doing it for us” (not only for themselves or, worse, for “them”). Good Follower Team Role Model (Belbin, 1981; 1993; 2011)  68 Personal Assessment – Midterm project Team Role Model (Belbin, 1981; 1993; 2011)  LEAD HARVARD ONLINE SIMULATIONS  SIMULATION In addition to critical thinking and interdisciplinarity, the SIM provides a controlled way to learn how to respond to challenges and learn from “constructive failure.” “The boardroom may be more unforgiving, but this classroom is certainly not far behind.”  Did your leader behave more collaboratively, transactionally, hands- off? Open Did you / any of your team members act questions for as a leader (irrespective of their role)? Did you act as a team or as a group? your project Were all team members engaged in the mission? How did you/your team fare manage time, pressure,crisis, information, uncertainty, disagreement? https://hbsp.harvard.edu/products/videos/5162AV-AVO-ENG