Advanced Medicine, Digital Health & AI: Present & Future (PDF)

Advanced Medicine, Digital Health & Artificial Intelligence: Present & Future Prof. Omar Elshorbagy, EGYPT Digital Health  Definitions Digital health or digital healthcare is a broad, multidisciplinary concept that includes concepts from an intersection between informatio...

Advanced Medicine, Digital Health & Artificial Intelligence: Present & Future Prof. Omar Elshorbagy, EGYPT Digital Health  Definitions Digital health or digital healthcare is a broad, multidisciplinary concept that includes concepts from an intersection between information technology and healthcare. Under its umbrella, digital health includes mobile health, electronic health, wearable devices telehealth and telemedicine, as well as personalized medicine  Telemedicine & Telehealth Clinical Clinical +none only Telemedicine  Tele every clinical specialty(Telemedicine) Teleradiology Telecardiology Tele pathology  M Health Refers to the use of mobile devices, such as cellphones and tablets, for healthcare delivery Smartphone sensing technology has become an emerging, affordable, and effective system for health monitoring.  E Health Is a much broader healthcare practices based on electronic processes including electronic health records, patient administration systems, lab systems, and other records that cannot be kept within mobile health applications  VR VR a computer- generated simulation that allows a user to simulate a situation or experience of interest using a VR headset. With the help of VR, a person can interact within an artificial three- dimensional environment using various electronic devices, such as special goggles with a screen or gloves fitted with sensors.  AR AR is an interactive experience or enhanced version of the real world to be presented in a more understandable way with the help of computerized tools. This is done with the use of digital tools like - animations, graphics, sounds, etc. to be able to create an amalgamation of the real and the virtual worlds to be able to get a detailed view of what is present or the necessary information related to it which is put on.  Applications of VR Facilitate Medical Students Trainers Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain (PLP) VR Therapy permits people to relieve stress, combat anxiety VR Help Autistic Children and Adults Pain Management VR Surgery Simulation  AR/VR Applications in Digital Health Training (e.g., in Medical Schools) VR for Surgeons: Observing and simulating surgery VR for Dentists: Simulations VR for Paramedics: Simulations of lifesaving VR for Nurses: Simulations to understand patients experiences Clinical AR for Surgeons: Identifying location of organs and major blood vessels VR for Surgeons: Surgical robot arms AR for Paramedic: Telehealth for paramedics VR for Patient Care: Rehabilitation after therapy VR for Patient Care: Engagement for pediatric patients  Wearable Healthcare: The Future of Medicine is on Your Wrist Smartwatch with ECG – more than just a timepiece Fitness trackers , the ECG smartwatch. Real-time monitoring of vital signs Early detection of illness analyze your sleep patterns and suggest ways to improve its quality  Wearable Healthcare: Continuous Glucose Monitoring Air quality monitoring: more than just a blinking box!  Food Scanners Examples are: gluten sensor and a peanut sensor. those suffering from food allergies. Nanorobots “nanoswimmers” developed by researchers that could pave the way for programmed drug delivery. One-drop blood tests Several tests can be conducted on smaller blood samples instead of a single blood drop.  Nutrigenomics Nutrigenomics aims to understand how specific humans react differently to specific nutrients due to their individual genetic characteristics, and how we can utilize this knowledge for each individual. data on what, how and when you should eat and what to avoid – based on your DNA. Wearable Devices  Wearable Biosensors Are devices that can be worn on, inside, or near the human body to monitor biological signals ((internet of bodies) Advantages of Digital Health AI Service, delivery & quality:  Radiography CAT MRI, Pathology, Laboratory  Diagnosis Support  Patients at risk  Continuous Analysis of data  Mobile movement lifestyle data Advantages of Digital Health Effective Education Improve the quality of care Provide more personalized health care for patients 20 Disadvantages of Digital Health Privacy and Security Concerns Inequalities in Access Potential for Information Overload Ethical and Legal Issues 21 Applications of Digital Health in Public Health Digital epidemiology Surveillance system Digital disease prevention responseOutbreak COVID 19 pandemic Digital rehabilitation  Egyptian Efforts in Digital Health Primary health care:  Alexandria primary health care: 45 units out of 75 have first-level e-health established as a backup system. Secondary health care:  56 university hospitals out of 88 have basic e-health level Tertiary level medical care:  Four of the eight oncology centers have websites that showcase the services they offer to cancer patients. Egyptian Efforts in Digital Health 2021 Covid 19 Pandemic  Egyptian Efforts in Digital Health  On 16 March 2022, Egypt officially launched a freely accessible mental health and addiction treatment electronic platform.  The digital platform provides free virtual psychoeducational services and online counseling for mental health and addiction treatment to all Egyptian citizens, including migrants and refugees.  Trend of Some Mental Disorders among Children in Egypt Dr. Omar El Sayed El Shourbagy Professor of Family & community Medicine. Faculty of Postgraduate Childhood Studies, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EGYPT 1. Egyptian Psychiatric Informatics in Children, EPIC Project Team Salah Mostafa1, Omar Elshourbagy1, Ehab Eid1 ,Gehan Elhary,2 Magdy Karmeldein1, Hanan Elgamal,1 Ismeil Yousef3, Samia Samy,1 Reem Zakrya1, Samia Sabur, 2 and Hassen Kheder1 1. Medical Studies Dep. for Children, Faculty of Postgraduate Childhood Studies, Ain-Shams University 2. Military Hospital, Madina Monora, Saudi Arabia 3. Psychiatry and Neurology Dep., College of Medicine, Suez Canal University  EPIC Outcomes Out of 56912 children 18651 (32.77%), with mental health problems (MHPs). The high prevalence at Cairo 41.6%, Kalubia 21% and Alexandria governorates 12.1%. MHPs were significantly more prevalent among Males (56.7%) than Females (43.3%) (P =0.0001) High prevalence among divorce 92% , separation 74.3% and those who lose their parent (81.5%). 2. Common psychiatric disorders in CSNC (10800 cases, 2006- 2012). ICD10 Diagnosis % F80 Specific developmental disorders 23.5 G80 Infantile cerebral palsy 17.3 F90 ADHD 10.2 F81 Specific developmental disorders of 8 scholastic skills. F84.9 Pervasive developmental disorder, 3 unspecified ASD meta-analysis (2000-2017), 2852 cases, 1566 controls , Monsif et al., 2018. GIT symptoms: 22.4% of autistic OR=4.9 Abdominal pain was present in 61.2 % Mean S. Zinc in autistic children 58.2 ± 6.2 ug/dl was significantly lower than controls 96.5 ± 5.8ug/dl ( Z = 9.32 , P< 0.001). Mean S. iron in autism ( 60.30 ± 16.2 µg/dl) was lower than controls (81.65±2.05 µg/dl) (Z=6.91 , P