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TriumphalSerenity

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UWI School of Nursing, Mona

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nutrition dietary allowances nutrient requirements human nutrition

Summary

This document discusses human requirements for nutrients, dietary allowances, and the methods used to determine nutrient intake recommendations. It covers concepts like Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), including the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), Adequate Intake (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). The document also touches upon the importance of DRIs in public policy and dietary guidelines, emphasizing cultural diversity and cost considerations.

Full Transcript

Human Requirements NURS 1013 NUTRITION OBJECTIVES At the end of this session students will be able to : Relate the biological needs for nutrients to the concept of dietary allowances  Explain the rationale for dietary allowances  Identify variables which should be considered in determining RDAs ...

Human Requirements NURS 1013 NUTRITION OBJECTIVES At the end of this session students will be able to : Relate the biological needs for nutrients to the concept of dietary allowances  Explain the rationale for dietary allowances  Identify variables which should be considered in determining RDAs  DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES The Institute of Medicine of the US National Academy of Sciences (IOM) has developed DRIs  Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)dietary reference intakes (DRI) that include   the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR),  Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA),  Adequate Intake (AI) and  Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) DEFINITIONS The RDA is the average daily intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of 97.5% of the population of apparently healthy persons of a given sex and age  EAR is the daily intake of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the requirement of 50% of apparently healthy individuals of a given sex and age.  DEFINITIONS UL is the highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effect for almost all individuals in a specified sex and age group  The AI is a recommended average daily nutrient intake level, based on experimentally derived intake levels or approximations of observed mean nutrient intake by a group (or groups) of apparently healthy people that are assumed to be adequate.  OTHER TERMS RELATED TO DRIs EER (Estimated Energy Requirements)- dietary energy intake level predicted to achieve and maintain energy balance in healthy normal weight individuals, given age, weight, gender and PAL.  AMDR (acceptable macronutrient distribution range):- suggested intake range for a given macronutrient that is sufficient for essential nutrients but not associated with chronic disease.  BASIS FOR DETERMINING ALLOWANCES  Methods used to determine nutrient intake recommendations  National surveys  Extrapolation from other populations  Observations of populations  Animal and human experiments  Chronic/deficiency disease  Epidemiology/intervention studies INTERRELATION OF DRIs AND HEALTH  Nutrition intake recommendations (DRIs) impact:  Dietary goals- pop targets for NCD prevention and public policy  Dietary guidelines- public health advice about the dietary practices that can optimize health and wellbeing in the community; takes account food cultures, cultural diversity, sustainability and cost REFERENCES Berryman, C. E., Lieberman, H. R., Fulgoni III, V. L., & Pasiakos, S. M. (2018). Protein intake trends and conformity with the Dietary Reference Intakes in the United States: analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001– 2014. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 108(2), 405-413.  Tucker, S. & Dauffenbach, V. (2011). Nutrition and diet therapy for nurses. Boston, USA: Pearson.  ASSIGNMENT Compare the risk of deficiency in individuals who consume foods at the EAR vs the RDA  Discuss the methodology used to create each RDA  Outline 3 importance of DRIs to health 

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