Animal Classification PDF

6. Animal Classification Ø History of animal classification Ø New (method) system of animal classification. Ø Kingdom- Animalia. Can you recall? Which criteria are used for classification of organisms? You ha...

6. Animal Classification Ø History of animal classification Ø New (method) system of animal classification. Ø Kingdom- Animalia. Can you recall? Which criteria are used for classification of organisms? You have studied the classification of living organisms in earlier classes. The living organisms present around us are mainly plants and animals. We have studied the criteria of their classification. With the help of that, complete the following chart. Living organisms Kingdom: Monera Unicellular Multicellular organisms organisms Kingdom: ----------- Kingdom: Animalia Kingdom: Plantae Kingdom: Fungi 6.1 Classification of living organisms Can you recall? How the plants are classified? We have studied the plants classification in last year. It helped us to understand the diversity of plants around us. You must be looking varieties of animals around you. Some animals are too small whereas some are too big. Some animals are terrestrial where as some are aquatic. Some animals crawl on land, some swim in water whereas some fly in air. Some animals have scales on skin whereas some have feathers or hairs. In this way, there is huge diversity among the animals too. According to recent studies, estimated number of animal species on earth is approximately 7 million. It is impossible to study each and every species. However, if groups and sub-groups of animals are formed depending upon the similarities & differences, it will make it very easy to study such vast variety of animals. 61  Formation of groups and sub-groups of animals depending upon similarities and differences among animals is called as animal classification. History of animal classification Time to time, different scientists have tried to classify the animals. Greek philosopher Benefits of animal classification Aristotle was the first to perform the animal 1. Study of animals becomes classification. Aristotle classified the animals convenient. according to the criteria like body size, 2. Study of few animals from a habits and habitats. Further, as per the new group helps to understand about developments in sciences, references were that entire animal group. changed and thereby the criteria of animal 3. It gives idea about animal classification too. Classification proposed evolution. by Aristotle is known as ‘Artificial method’. 4. Animals can be easily identified Besides Aristotle, artificial method of with great accuracy. classification was followed by Theophrastus, 5. It helps to understand the Pliny, John Ray, Linnaeus, etc. Later on, relationship of animals with ‘Natural system of classification’ was followed. other living organisms. Natural system of classification was based on 6. It helps to understand the various criteria like body organization, types of habitat of each animal and it's cells, chromosomes, bio-chemical properties, exact role in the nature. etc. By the time, system of classification based 7. It helps to understand various on evolution was also brought into practice. It adaptations shown by animals. was used by Dobzhansky and Meyer. Recently, Carl Woese has also proposed the animal classification Traditional method of animal classification Traditionally, depending upon presence or absence of the notochord, the animal kingdom has been divided into two groups- Non-chordates and Chordates. A. Non-Chordates : Characters of non-chordate animals are as follows 1. Body is not supported by rod-like notochord. 2. Pharyngeal gill-slits are absent. 3. Nerve cord; if present, it is on ventral side. It is solid & paired. 4. Heart, if present, it is on dorsal side. Non-chordates are classified / divided into ten phyla. Those phyla are- Protozoa, Porifera, Coelentarata / Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata and Hemichordata 62 Chordates : Characters of chordates are as follows 1. Body is supported by notochord. 2. Pharyngeal gill-slits or lungs are present for respiration. 3. Nerve cord is present on dorsal side of body. It is hollow. 4. Heart is present on ventral side of body. Notochord Nerve chord Muscle Notochord is a long rod like supporting structure present on dorsal side of animal body. It keeps the nerve tissue isolated from remaining body. Mouth Anus Gill slits Tail fin 6.2 Characteristics of Chordates Do you know? All chordate animals are grouped together in a single phylum and the name of phylum is same i.e. Phylum- Chordata. This phylum has been divided into three subphyla as- Urochordata, Cephalochordata & Vertebrata. Sub-phylum Vertebrata has been further divided into six classes as- Class: Cyclostomata, Class: Pisces, Class: Amphibia, Class: Reptilia, Class: Aves and Class: Mammalia. 1. Protozoa 6. Annelida Sub Kingdom 2. Porifera 7. Arthropoda Non- Phylum 3. Cnidaria 8. Mollusca chordates 4.Platyhelminthes 9. Echinodermata 5.Aschelminthes 10. Hemichordata Kingdom: Animalia Sub 1. Urochordata 1.Cyclostomata Kingdom: Phylum- 2. Pisces Chordates Chordata 3. Amphibia Class 2. Cephalochordata 4. Reptilia 3. Vertebrata 5. Aves Subphylum 6. Mammalia 6.3 Conventional System of Animal Classification This system of animal classification was in practice till now. However, now a days, new system of classification is followed. We will study this new system of animal classification in brief. At present, according to the five kingdom classification system of Robert Whittaker, all multicellular animals are included in Kingdom: Animalia. This system of classification is based upon some criteria like Body organization, Body symmetry, Body cavity, Germinal layers, Segmentation, etc. 63 Criteria for new system of classification A. Grades of organization Do you know? Body of animals is made up of cells. In In unicellular organisms all the case of multicellular animals, many cells functions of life are performed by same are performing different functions in their cell. Body organization of these unicellular body. organisms is called 'Protoplasmic grade' In case of multicellular of organization animals, if tissues are not formed, Amoeba Paramecium their body organization is called as ‘Cellular grade organization’. Ex. Phylum-Porifera. In case of some animals, cells come together to form tissues with the help of which all 6.4 Protoplasmic-grade organization. the body functions are performed. Such animals show ‘Cell - tissue Outlet (Osculla) grade’ organization. Ex. Animals from phylum- Cnidaria. Spicule Flat worms show ‘Tissue- Amoebocyte Organ grade’ organization. In Ostium this type of organization, tissues Non living are organized to form some part organs. However, complete Sycon organ systems are not formed. Collar cells 6.5 Cellular grade organization Pharynx Planaria Bell Gastrovascular Tube Gonads Cavity Muscle ring Mouth Intestine Tentacle Eye spot Oral arms Ganglia Nerve chord Mouth Jellyfish 6.6 Cell -Tissue grade organization 6.7 Tissue -Organ grade organization 64  Body organization of human has been shown in the following figure. Observe Use appropriate labels in that figure. Which organs are present in human body? Besides the four types of body organizations mentioned above, Remaining all animals show ‘Organ - system grade organization’ in which different organs are joined together to form organ system that performs specific functions. Ex. Crab, Frog, Human, etc. B. Body Symmetry Take the pictures of human body and spongilla and try to take an imaginary section through specific plane of their bodies so as to get two equal halves. What did you observe? 6.8 Organ- System grade of organization In imaginary sense, if body of any animal is cut through imaginary axis of body, it may or may not produce two equal halves. Depending upon this property, there are different types of animal bodies. Asymmetrical Body : In case of such body, there is no any such imaginary axis of the body through which we can get two equal halves. Ex. some sponges. Radial symmetry : In this type of body, if imaginary cut passes through central axis but any plane of body, it gives two equal halves. Ex. Star fish. In case of this animal, there are five different planes passing through central axis of body through which we can get two equal halves. Bilateral symmetry: In this type of body, there is only one such imaginary axis of body through which we can get two equal halves. Ex. Insects, fishes, frog, birds, human, etc. Asymmetrical body Radial Symmetry Bilateral Symmetry 6.9 Types of body symmetry C. Germ Layers: Diploblastic and triploblastic In case of multicellular animals, germ layers Endoderm are formed during initial period of their embryonic development and from those germ layers only, different tissues are formed in the body. In case of some animals, only two germ layers [Endoderm & ectoderm] are formed. Ex.: All Cnidarians. In most Dead layer Ectoderm Mesoderm of all the remaining animals, three germ layers are formed i.e. mesoderm besides endoderm & ectoderm. 6.10 Diploblastic and triploblastic 65 D. Body cavity (Coelom) Coelom Cavity between the body wall and internal Ectoderm organs is called as body cavity/coelom. In case of multicellular animals, during initial period of their embryonic development, body cavity Mesoderm Endoderm is formed from either mesoderm. Such type of body cavity is present in animals of phylum Eucoelomates Annelida and all phyla coming after Annelida. Such animals are called as eucoelomate Ectoderm (animals with true body cavity). Body cavity is absent in case of animals from phyla Porifera, Pseudocoelom Mesoderm Cnidaria and Platyhelminthes. Such animals are called as acoelomate. In case of animals Endoderm from phylum Aschelminthes, they have body Pseudocoelomates cavity but it is not formed by the above mentioned two ways. Hence those animals are Ectoderm called as pseudocoelomates. Mesoderm E. Body Segmentation If the body of animals is divided into small, similar units, then such body is called as Endoderm segmented body and each small unit is called Acoelomates as segment. Ex. Animals like earthworm from 6.11 Animal types as per body cavity phylum Annelida. Kingdom Body organization Body symmetry Body cavity Phylum (Coelom) Kingdom: Cellular Asymmetrical 1. Porifera Animalia grade body (Multicel- lular organ- Radial Tissue / 2. Cnidaria isms without symmetry organ / cell wall) organ-system Acoelomate 3. Platyhelminthes grade Bilateral symmetry 4. Aschelminthes Pseudocoelomate 5. Annelida king 6. Arthropoda dom Eucoelomate -An 7. Mollusca ima lia 8. Echinodermata 9. Hemichordata With the help of above mentioned criteria, animals are classified. 10. Chordata 66 Phylum- Porifera 1. These animals are with simplest body plan and are called as ‘Sponges’. They bear numerous pores on their body. Those pores are called as ‘Ostia’ and ‘Oscula’. 2. These are aquatic animals. Most of them are marine and few are fresh water dwellers. Spongila 3. Most of the animals have asymmetrical body. 4. These animals have special types of cells- collar cells. 5. These animals are always attached to substratum, Collar cells Osculum hence do not show locomotion. Hence, they are referred as sedentary animals. 6. Their spongy body is supported by spicules or spongin fibres. Spicules are made up of calcium carbonate or silica. 7. These animals feed upon small organisms taken in their body along with water. Water is taken in through Ostia ostia and given out through oscula. 8. These animals reproduce by budding, an asexual method and / or by sexual method. Besides, they have good ability of regeneration. Sycon sponge Examples: Sycon, Euspongia (Bath sponge), 6.12 Animals in Porifera phylum Hyalonema, Euplectella, etc. Phylum - Coelenterata/Cnidaria 1. Body of these animals is cylindrical or umbrella-like. If it is cylindrical, it is called Tentacles as ‘Polyp’ and if it is umbrella like, it called Mouth as ‘Medusa’. Testes 2. Most of these animals are marine. Only few Body are fresh-water dwellers. 3. Body of these animals is radially symmetrical Ovary New bud & diploblastic. 4. Cnidoblast bearing tentacles are present Hydra around the mouth. Tentacles are useful for capturing the prey whereas cnidoblasts Tentacles Coral inject the toxin in the body of prey. Sea anemone Those are useful for protection too. Examples: Hydra, Adamsia (Sea anemone), Physalia (Portuguese- man-of war), Aurelia (Jelly fish), Corals, etc. 6.13 Animals in Cnidaria phylum 67  Do you know? Bath sponge: This is black coloured and somewhat round-shaped animal. Its body is mainly made up of fibers of a protein- spongin and due to this, they have good water-holding capacity. It was used for bathing during old days. Besides, it was also used for manufacturing of pillows and cushions. These were also used as wetting material for sticking postal stamps and counting the currency notes. Phylum - Platyhelminthes Mouth 1. Body of these animals is slender & flat like Genital Oral sucker a leaf or strip. Hence, they are called as aperture ‘flatworms’. Ventral Leaf like body sucker 2. Most of these animals are endoparasites. Few are free-living & aquatic. Liver fluke 3. Body is acoelomate & bilaterally symmetrical. 4. These are triploblastic i.e. their body is made Excretory pore up of three germ layers- endoderm, ectoderm Planaria & mesoderm. 5. These animals are hermaphrodite i.e. male and female reproductive systems are present Tape worm in the same animal body. Examples: Planaria, Liver fluke,Tape worm, etc. 6.14 Animals in phylum Platyhelminthes Surprising information Coral reefs are present in ocean. These reefs are actually colonies of specific cnidarians. A precious stone called ‘Coral’ (पोवळा) and the coral powder (प्रवाळ भस्म) used in ayurveda is derived from these reefs. Collect more information about these corals from internet. Phylum- Aschelminthes 1. Body of these animals is long thread-like or Mouth cylindrical. Hence, they are called as round Genital worms. aperture 2. These animals are either free living or Mouth Female endoparasites. Free living animals are either Ascaris Male aquatic or terrestrial. Ascaris 3. Body of these animals is triploblastic and pseudocoelomate. hole 4. Body of these animals is non-segmented and hole covered with tough cuticle. 5. These animals are unisexual. Tail Tail Examples: Ascaris (Intestinal worm), Filarial 6.15 Animals in phylum worm, Loa loa (Eye worm), etc. Aschelminthes 68  Internet is my friend Collect the Information 1. How does the infection of tapeworm in man, liver fluke in grazing animals like goat and sheep occur and what are their preventive measures? 2. How does the infection of round worms like Ascaris, Filarial worm and plant nematodes occur and what are their preventive measures and treatment? Phylum - Annelida 1. Body of these animals is long, cylindrical and metamerically segmented. 2. Most of the animals are free-living, but few are ectoparasites. Free-living animals may be marine or fresh water dwellers or terrestrial. 3. These animals are triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical and eucoelomate. 4. They have setae or parapodia or suckers for locomotion. 5. Their body is covered with special cuticle. 6. These animals are either hermaphrodite or unisexual. Examples: Earthworm, Leech, Nereis, etc. Segment Tentacle Clitellum Mouth Anus Mouth Anus Parapodia Earthworm Mouth Leech Nereis Anus 6.16 Animals in phylum Annelida 1. Why is earthworm called as friend of farmers? Get Information 2. How may be the leech used in ayurvedic system of treatment? Phylum- Arthropoda 1. These animals have jointed appendages. Hence they are called as arthropods. 2. Planet Earth has highest number of animals from this phylum. Hence, this is largest phylum with highly successful animals in animal kingdom. 3. These animals are found in all types of habitats ranging from deepest oceans to highest mountains. 4. Body of these animals is triploblastic, eucoelomate, bilaterally symmetrical and segmented. 5. Chitinous exoskeleton is present around their body. 6. These animals are unisexual. Examples: Crab, spider, scorpion, millipede, centipede, cockroach, butterfly, honey bee, etc. 69  Centipede Wings Thorax Head Find out What is chitin? Antennae Abdomen Legs Scorpion Cockroach Butterfly 6.17 Animals in phylum Arthropoda Let's Think 1. What types of benefit & harm occur to human from animals of phylum- Arthropoda? 2. Which are the animals from phylum Arthropoda those have shortest & longest lifespan? 3. Why has it been said that only insects directly compete with humans for food? Phylum- Mollusca Siphon 1. Body of these animals is soft and slimy. Hence they are referred as mollusc. Eye 2. This is second largest phylum in animal kingdom. 3. These animals are aquatic or terrestrial. Most Tentacle of the aquatic molluscs are marine, but few are fresh water dwellers too. 4. Body of these animals is triploblastic, Octopus Sucker eucoelomate, non-segmented and soft. Except animals like snail, their body shows bilateral symmetry. Their body is divided into three divisions like head, foot and visceral mass. 5. Visceral mass is covered with mantle. This mantle secretes a hard, calcareous shell. This shell may be external or internal or even Bivalve Snail absent in some cases. 6. These animals are unisexual. Examples: Bivalve, Snail, Octopus, etc. 6.18 Animals in phylum Mollusca Surprising Information! Books are my friend 1. Octopus is most clever animal among all non-chordates. It can change its colour. Collect the information about pearl 2. It can perform three types of locomotions production from bivalves by reading like swimming, creeping & walking. appropriate books. 70 Phylum- Echinodermata 1. Calcareous spines are present on the body of these animals; hence they are called as echinoderms. 2. These animals are found only in ocean. 3. Their body is triploblastic, eucoelomate. And it is radially symmetrical in adult stage. However, they show bilateral symmetry in larval stage. 4. They perform locomotion with the help of tube-feet. Tube feet are also useful for capturing the prey. Some animals are sedentary. 5. They have skeleton made up of calcareous spines and / or ossicles (plates). 6. These animals have good ability of regeneration. 7. These animals are mostly unisexual. Examples: Star fish, sea-urchin, brittle star, sea-cucumber, etc. Star fish Sea-cucumber Sea-urchin 6.19 Animals in phylum Echinodermata In certain situations, star fish can break apart its body Do you know? parts and regenerate those later on. Phylum- Hemichordata 1. Body of these animals is divided into three Proboscis parts as proboscis, collar & trunk. 2. Notochord is present in proboscis Collar region only. Hence, they are called as hemichordates. 3. These animals are also called as ‘acorn Balanoglossus worms’. 4. These are marine animals, live in burrows in sand. 5. They have one to many pharyngeal gill Saccoglossus slits. Trunk 6. They are unisexual or some may be hermaphrodite. Ex.: Balanoglossus, Saccoglossus. 6.20 Animals in phylum Hemichordata Through the view point of evolution, Balanoglossus is considered as connecting link between non-chordates and chordates. This animal shows the characters of both the groups. 71 Phylum- Chordata These animals have supporting notochord in their body. All chordates are included in the same phylum. The phylum Chordata is classified in to three subphyla. Following are important characters of phylum Chordata 1. Notochord is present in the body during at least any developmental stage. 2. Pharyngeal gill slits are present in the body during at least any developmental stage. 3. Single, tubular spinal cord is present on dorsal side of body. 4. Heart is present on ventral side of body. A. Sub phylum - Urochordata 1. These are marine animals. 2. Their body is covered by skin-like Branchial Atrial aperture test or tunic. aperture 3. Larvae of these animals are freely swimming and notochord is present Tunic in only tail region of larvae. Hence, they are called as Urochordata. 4. Larvae metamorphose into adults Body after settling down at bottom of the sea. 5. Generally, these animals are Foot hermaphrodite. Examples: Herdmania, Doliolum, Doliolum Herdmania Oikopleura, etc. 6.21 Animals in Sub- phylum Urochordata Notochord B. Sub phylum -Cephalochordata Segmental Muscles Nerve chord 1. These are small, fish-like, marine animals. 2. Notochord is present throughout the body length. 3. Pharynx is very large and contains Liver Intestine Anus Pharyngeal gills gill-slits. Gonads 4. These animals are unisexual. Ex.: Amphioxus. 6.21 Animals in Sub- phylum Cephalochordata C. Sub phylum -Vertebrata/Craniata 1. In these animals, notochord is replaced by vertebral column. 2. In these animals, head is well developed. 3. Brain is protected by cranium. 4. Endoskeleton is either cartilaginous or bony. 5. Some chordates are jaw-less (Agnatha) whereas some are with jaws (Gnathostomata). 72 Subphylum- Vertebrata is divided into six classes as follows- a. Class- Cyclostomata Eye 1. These animals have jaw-less mouth provided with sucker. 2. Their skin is soft and without any scale. Body Sucker Gill slits 3. Paired appendages are absent. 4. Endoskeleton is cartilaginous. 5. Most of the animals are ectoparasites. Examples: Petromyzon, Myxine, etc. b. Class- Pisces 1. These are cold blooded 6.23 : Class Cyclostomata-Petromyzon (Poikilotherms) aquatic animals living in marine and fresh waters. 2. Body is spindle shaped to minimize water-resistance. Lateral line 3. They have paired & un-paired fins Dorsal fin for swimming. Tail fin is useful as Eye a steering organ during swimming. Caudal fin 4. Exoskeleton is in the form of scales & endoskeleton is either Mouth Ventral fin cartilaginous or bony. Pelvic fin 5. Respiration occurs with gills. Gill slits Pectoral fin Examples.: Rohu, Pomfret, Sea 6.24 Class Pisces : Scoliodon (Dog fish) horse, Shark, Electric ray, Sting ray, etc. c. Class- Amphibia Mouth Nares 1. These animals are strictly aquatic during Trunk Tympanum larval life and perform only aquatic respiration whereas they can live in water as well as on Soft skin land during adult life and can perform aquatic as well as aerial respiration. Fore arm 2. They have two pairs of appendages. Digits are without claws. 3. Exoskeleton is absent. Skin is without any derivative and usually kept moist for Frog respiration. Leg 4. External ear is absent but tympanum is Rough skin present. 5. Neck is absent. Eyes are prominent with eye Toad lids. Ex.: Frog, Toad, Salamander, etc. 6.25 Class Amphibia: Frog and Toad 73 d. Class- Reptilia 1. According to the course of animal evolution, Eyes Tail these are first true terrestrial animals with Scaly skin creeping movement. 2. These are cold blooded (poikilotherms) animals. 3. They creep on the land as their body cannot be lifted up. 4. Their skin is dry and scaly. Legs 5. Neck is present between head & trunk. 6. External ear is absent. 6.26 Class-Reptilia : Wall lizard 7. Digits are provided with claws. Examples: Tortoise, Lizard, Snake, etc. e. Class- Aves Head 1. These vertebrates are completely adapted for aerial life. Eyes 2. These are warm blooded (Homeotherms) i.e. Neck Beak they can maintain their body temperature constant. 3. Their body is spindle-shaped to minimize air resistance during flight. 4. Forelimbs are modified into wings. Digits are covered with scales and bear claws. 5. Exoskeleton is present in the form of feathers. Claws 6. Neck is present between head and trunk. 7. Jaws are modified into beak. Examples: Peacock, Parrot, Pigeon, Duck, Penguin, etc. 6.27 Class- Aves: Pigeon f. Class- Mammalia Eyes 1. Presence of mammary glands is typical character of mammalia. 2. These animals are warm blooded. 3. Body is divided into head, neck, trunk and tail. 4. Digits are provided with nails, claws, or hooves. Patagium Body Legs 5. Exoskeleton is in the form of hairs or fur. Examples: Elephant, Human, Kangaroo, 6.28 Class-Mammalia: Bat Dolphin, Bat, etc. Use your brain power 1. Animals like ghariyal & crocodile live in water as well as on land. Are they am- phibians or reptiles? 2. Animals like whale, walrus live in water (ocean). Whether they are included in pisces or mammalia? 74  Use of Information Technology Prepare the presentation of Always remember animal classification using video clips downloaded from internet. Varieties of animals are found in our surroundings. We should be Books are My Friends cautious about not causing any harm Read the book- The Animal Kingdom: to animals during their studies and Libbie Hyman and some other similar observations. books. Exercise 1. Identify me. d. To which phylum does Cockroach a. I am diploblastic & acoelomate. belong? Justify your answer with Which phylum do I belong to? scientific reasons. b. My body is radially symmetrical. 6. Give scientific reasons. Water vascular system is present in a. Though tortoise lives on land as well my body. I am referred as fish as in water, it cannot be included in though I am not. What is my name? class- Amphibia. c. I live in your small intestine. b. Our body irritates if it comes in Pseudocoelom is present in my contact with jelly fish. thread like body. In which phylum c. All vertebrates are chordates but all will you include me? chordates are not vertebrates. d. Though I am multicellular, there are d. Balanoglossus is connecting link no tissues in my body. What is the between non-chordates & chordates. name of my phylum? e. Body temperature of reptiles is not 2. Write the characters of each of the constant. following animals with the help of 7. Answer the following questions by classification chart. choosing correct option. Bath sponge, grasshopper, rohu, a. Which special cells are present in penguin, frog, lizard, elephant, jellyfish. the body of sponges (Porifera)? 3. Write in brief about progressive 1. Collar cells. 2. Cnidoblasts. changes in animal classification. 3. Germ cells. 4. Ectodermal cells. 4. What is the exact difference between b. Which of the following animals’ grades of organization and symmetry? body shows bilateral symmetry? Explain with examples. 1. Star fish. 2. Jelly fish. 5. Answer in brief. 3. Earthworm. 4. Sponge. a. Give scientific classification of c. Which of the following animals can shark up to class. regenerate it’s broken body part? b. Write four distinguishing characters 1. Cockroach. 2. Frog. of phylum- Echinodermata. 3. Sparrow. 4. Star fish. c. Distinguish between butterfly and d. Bat is included in which class? bat with the help of four 1. Amphibia. 2. Reptilia. distinguishing properties. 3. Aves. 4. Mammalia. 75 8. Complete the following chart. 11. Label the following. Body cavity Germ Layer Phylum Absent ------------- Porifera Absent Triploblastic ----------- Pseudocoelom ------------- Aschel- minthes. Present ------------- Arthropoda 9. Complete the following chart. Type Character Example Project : In each week, on a specific day of your Cyclostomata convenience, observe the animals present around your school & residence. Perform this Gill respiration activity for six months. Keep datewise record of Amphibia your observations. After the observation period of six months, analyze your observations with Whale respect to seasons. With the help of your teacher, Poikilotherms classify the reported animals. 10. Sketch, label and classify Hydra, Jellyfish, Planaria, Round worm, Butterfly, Earthworm, Octopus, Star fish, Shark, Frog, Wall lizard, Pigeon. Photos with courtesy of : Shri Suresh Isave 76