Pharmacy Orientation Lecture 1 PDF

 Pharmacy Orientation First Year Pharmacy students Dr. Manal A Elsheikh, PhD Pharmaceutics Department Faculty of Pharmacy-Damanhour University PHARMACEUTICS DEPARTMENT  Pharmaceutics It is the discipline of pharmacy that deals with the process of turning a drug substance into a medicati...

 Pharmacy Orientation First Year Pharmacy students Dr. Manal A Elsheikh, PhD Pharmaceutics Department Faculty of Pharmacy-Damanhour University PHARMACEUTICS DEPARTMENT  Pharmaceutics It is the discipline of pharmacy that deals with the process of turning a drug substance into a medication to be used safely and effectively by patients.  Pharmaceutics Dosage Drug Medicine form “The science of dosage form design” Course outline 01 02 03 Routes of Prescription, Scope of pharmacy administration medication errors & &Dosage forms Dose calculation 01 Scope of Pharmacy (2 LECTURES)  Scope of Pharmacy Lec. 1 Lec. 2 1. History & mission of 1. Definition of drug & its pharmacy. sources. 2. Pharmacy careers. 2. Information resources. 3. Pharmacy organizations  Lecture one “Part 1” History of pharmacy & Pharmacy careers  History of Pharmacy The word pharmacy is derived from Greek word pharmakon, meaning medicine or drug  History of Pharmacy The word pharmacy is derived from Greek word pharmakon, meaning medicine or drug Bowl of Hygieia Mission of pharmacy Mission of pharmacy Career pathway  Career pathway Pharm D/Pharm D clinical Career Internship (‫)االمتياز‬ Education (5 years)  Career pathway Pharm D/Pharm D clinical Provide medical care for patients & dispense the prescriptions.  Career pathway Pharm D/Pharm D clinical Conducting experiments, performing the necessary pharmaceutical calculations, & preparing pharmaceutical prescriptions.  Career pathway Pharm D/Pharm D clinical Create and manage private pharmaceutical projects that can be a private pharmacy or a drug store or construct pharmaceutical factories with international specifications.  Career pathway Pharm D/Pharm D clinical Analyzing raw materials and supervising quality control in public and private labs.  Career pathway Pharm D/Pharm D clinical Experience in the scientific, practical and research field to work in the pharmaceutical industries in various companies, factories and laboratories of drug design, detection, and analysis.  Career pathway Pharm D/Pharm D clinical Work in the government sector in all areas of hospitals, health centers, drug control and medical inspection.  Career pathway Pharm D/Pharm D clinical Work in educational institutions which require a sufficient amount of medical & pharmaceutical knowledge. Career pathway Pharm D/Pharm D clinical Strong and diligent leader who is able to integrate and produce under the pressure of work and life, Guarantees continued success & improvement  Pharmacy Careers 25  1. Community / retail pharmacist 1. A community pharmacist is the pharmacist working in public pharmacies. 2. The majority of pharmacists all over the world will work in the community pharmacy. 3. A unique hybrid of businessman & professional  1. Community / retail pharmacist The job/roles of the community pharmacist is to: 1. Dispense prescriptions. 2. Help the public to make the decisions about (Over The Counter drugs) OTC for minor aliments. 3. Counsel patients on how to use their medications and their devices accurately. 4. Nowadays role extended to include helping patients to give up smoking, weight control, life style adjustment and measuring the blood pressure.  2. Industrial pharmacist Provide opportunities of work for all pharmacists with different educational degrees: 1. Bachelor degree (B.Pharm.Sci.) 2. Master degree (M.Pharm.Sci.) 3. Philosophy of doctor (Ph.D.) 4. Doctor of pharmacy (Pharm.D)  2. Industrial pharmacist (cont.) Medical representatives (med. rep.) 1. Pharmacist with Production and quality control (QC) Bachelor (B.Pharm.) : positions 2. Pharmacists with Master Research and development (R& D) personnel degree M.Sc: 3. Pharmacists with master degrees in business Marketing and sales (MBA): Usually are invited for consultant position 4. Professors (Ph.D.) in industrial plants  3. Hospital pharmacist 1. Hospital pharmacist is the pharmacist who works behind a dispensing counter in a private or governmental hospitals 2. They interact on a daily basis with all health care profession. 3. They are responsible for calculating the intravenous dosage, dispensing drugs for in-patients and Monitoring drug interactions and side effects 4. Maintains records for each patient to fill the medication order.  3. Clinical pharmacist Clinical Pharmacists: Study the drug/medicine with respect to the disease. Working in clinical pharmacies. They are responsible for : 1. They work in the hospital dealing with patient and all health care professions. 2. Have a direct role in designing a patient’s treatment plan (direct patient care). 3. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Drug Information and patient counseling.  4. Academic pharmacist 1. Academic Pharmacists working in academia are responsible for doing research for new active pharmaceutical ingredients, new drug formulae and novel drug delivery systems. 2. They should hold Master and Ph.D. degrees. 3. They must give teaching and researching activities in an organization following the ministry of higher education.  5. Medical representative Pharmacist 1. Pharmacists working as a medical representative are responsible for introducing the drug to the health care provider giving many information about the drug to them. 2. They should have high communication skills and persuasive ability.  Non-traditional Pharmacy Careers 34  Non-traditional pharmacy pathways 1. Health economists: Health economics is one of those rapidly growing fields that links up business with health care. Discipline of placing a value on drug therapy for assistance in Drug Decision-Making Process Based on understanding of market needs and opportunities, of pricing strategies and therapeutic outcome benefits Health economists are professionals who perform analyzing, modelling, planning and forecasting.  Non-traditional pharmacy pathways 1. Health economists: Advanced degree: Pharm D + degree in health economics (Pharmacoeconomics) Work environment : Pharmaceutical companies Academia Non-traditional pharmacy pathways Pharmacists: ensure that medications are used safely & effectively. Pharmaco-economist pharmacist: ensure that medications are economically viable providing values for both patients and healthcare system  Non-traditional pharmacy pathways 2. Regulatory affairs pharmacist: ❑ Pharmacists who act as a link between the regulators (the government), the regulated (industry), and the market (consumers) to get good products to the market and to keep them there while preventing bad products from being sold. ❑ Regulatory affairs departments interact with international and local regulatory agencies to assure that any activities involving pharmaceutical products are conducted according to all applicable rules (Licensing , Registration, Development, Manufacturing, Marketing and labelling) ❑ Career in regulatory affairs is in either the public sector (government body) or in a pharmaceutical company.  Non-traditional pharmacy pathways 3. Toll Manufacturing: “outsourcing of production or Private Label ”: A company provides raw materials or semi-finished goods to a third-party servicing company who is responsible for processing the inputs into finished product. A private label product is manufactured by a third-party manufacturer and sold under a retailer’s brand name.  Non-traditional pharmacy pathways 3. Toll Manufacturing: “outsourcing of production or Private Label ”: Advantages: 1. Faster production 2. Low cost alternatives for the branded products 3. Avoid Heavy Investment  Non-traditional pharmacy pathways 3. Toll Manufacturing: “outsourcing of production or Private Label ”: Disadvantages: 1. Risk of Losing Trade Secrets 2. Red-Tapism: excessive regulation THANKS