History Notes PDF

Persian Wars: A series of conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire. Punic Wars: A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage, leading to Roman dominance in the Mediterranean. An Lushan Rebellion: A major rebellion against the Tang dynasty, weakening its power. Uighurs: A Tur...

Persian Wars: A series of conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire. Punic Wars: A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage, leading to Roman dominance in the Mediterranean. An Lushan Rebellion: A major rebellion against the Tang dynasty, weakening its power. Uighurs: A Turkic-speaking people who were allies and later adversaries of the Tang dynasty. Song Dynasty: The Chinese dynasty known for its technological innovations and development of a market economy. Silla Dynasty: One of the three Korean kingdoms, which united the Korean Peninsula with Chinese support. Nara: The first permanent capital of Japan, modeled after the Tang capital. Heian: The period in Japan marked by a flourishing of court culture and the rise of the samurai. Shogun: A military leader in feudal Japan who held most political power. Samurai: Japanese warriors serving under the shogun or daimyo. Bedouin: Nomadic Arab tribes, often associated with early Islamic society. Ulama: Islamic scholars who interpret the law and religious texts. Harun al-Rashid: A famous Abbasid caliph, known for his contributions to the Golden Age of Islam. Sufis: Muslim mystics who focus on the personal experience of God. Ibn Rushd: An Islamic philosopher who blended Aristotelian philosophy with Islamic thought. Stateless Societies: Societies without centralized authority, relying on kinship networks for governance. Indian Ocean Trade Routes: Maritime trade routes linking East Africa, Arabia, and Asia. Al-Bakri: An Arab geographer who wrote about West African societies.