Native American Music Full Review PDF

(Sub) Arctic Region Northwest Coast Region Songs/Dances of the Arctic include… The Northwest Coast regions is generally Duel Song regarded as wealthier among the regions, Sayuun with greater abundan...

(Sub) Arctic Region Northwest Coast Region Songs/Dances of the Arctic include… The Northwest Coast regions is generally Duel Song regarded as wealthier among the regions, Sayuun with greater abundance of food and other Taliun resources: Tea Dance (Subarctic) Salmon 50 foot canoes Duel Song, Arctic Region Longhouses (red cedar) Settles disputes Sung by only men Is notable for having clans as a societal LLSL drum pattern structure: Lyrics are generally improvised Raven, eagle, wolf, killer whale Arctic “rap battle” Matriarchal society (lineage is Can sometimes be violent traced through the mother) Sayuun, Arctic Region Totem Poles Wearing white gloves or regalia Includes many meanings, including: Telling story through the motions, ○ Welcoming, Memorial, women performers Mortuary, Shame, etc. Line of drummers Most important figures are at the BOTTOM. Taliun, Arctic Region Drums on the side Instruments Women in a line doing motions Log drums, hollowed out red cedar. Used to teach practical skill of Slit boxes canoeing Whistles Rattles, for example two-headed Tea Dance, Sub-Arctic Region bird rattle design copied from By the Tlicho or Dogrib people Russian crest A capella singing (no instruments) Men singing, people move CW Potlatch “To Give Away” around in a circle Brough generosity & honor to the Honors the Caribou giver. Can last for many hours into the Tangible goods are given away or night redistributed. Oftentimes rights to songs were given away.  Hosts music performances that can Sun Dance last hours long; well-rehearsed. Standing Thirsty 4 day fast Hamatsa Sponsored by a person in crisis who Secret organization of the needed power [IMPORTANT] Kwakwaka'wakw people Extreme physical pain and “Cannibal Dance” endurance Possession by cannibal spirit, “Bax Notable instrument in this piece is Bax” the Eagle Bone Whistle. Singing and dancing to break Paired phrasing; high to low cannibal spirit Drum and whistle. Whistles & log drums Hamatsa Song Ghost Dance ○ ABA form; tremolo to 1886 straight beat to tremolo Led by a man named Wovoka - ○ all men singing Northern Paiute medicine man Ghost dance would “restore life Great Basin & Plateau Region before the white man” and stuff bring back to life. Important Instruments Forbidden to practice after RASP: wooden with teeth and hit by Wounded Knee. a stick that changes pitch depending on whatever surface it's laying on. Southwest Region Great Basin Representative Tribes Ute - “Land of the Sun” a. Navajo Nature-based identities b. Apache Polygamous c. Pueblo tribes: Hopi, Zuni Bear Dance Rely on agriculture, advanced irrigation Celebrates the beginning of SPRING. for crops. Grew corn, beans, squash, cotton. Women choose male partners to Characteristic animals of this region are dance. sheep; used for woven blankets and other Celebration of puberty. clothing. Notable instrument is the RASP. Architecture a. Apache: Teepees or Wickiups - look like teepees made of straw/wheat  b. Navajo: Hogan - look like round sacred, Native Americans won rights dirt/sand mounds with a door (mud to use this controlled substance igloo) during church services. c. Pueblo: Adobe - square or box shaped homes made of sand/dirt. Yeibichai Nightway Ceremony i. Kivas are Puebloan 9 day ceremony during cold months. ceremonial rooms (shown Yeibichai are essentially middle men with a ladder entering an in the religious hierarchy. underground room). Sand paintings Notable for its large pitch range; Katsina or Kachina Dolls very high singing MEN ONLY. Ancestors of the Pueblo, thought to From the Navajo tribe bring blessings to people. They are often used as a teaching tool for Hopi Snake Dance children, sometimes impersonated Prayer for the rain. by men. One man holds snakes in man, and one man holds a feather. Pueblo (Hopi) Clowns It is believed that snakes will take Clowns demonstrate what not to do the peoples’ messages (prayers) with during social gatherings, also used them to the underworld after being as a teaching tool for children. released in the four cardinal Known in their communities. directions. Humorous actions and appearance, shown with watermelons. Apache Sunrise Dance Amuse audiences through silly Celebrates a girl's puberty or antics and exaggerate improper transition into adulthood as a behavior. productive member of the tribe. Preparations: camps are built for Native American Church this ceremony; however, no single Does not meet weekly, but rather location is used more than once. whenever prayer or blessing is Crown Dancers, Medicine Man necessary. Sweat lodge is used in preparation Church was founded in 1918. Prayers for the ceremony, performed to are sung. cleanse the individual. Quannah Parker: Comanche church Held over the weekend - Friday, leader (important figure). Saturday, Sunday. 32 songs are sung Used Peyote – a hallucinogenic each day, almost entirely prayer substance – during practice. Very songs (text). Navajo Kinaalda Ceremony 4-12 Honor Beats Coming-of-age ceremony for girls after they reach their first South menstrual cycle. Medium to low vocal range Racing. Larger drum: 12 people Circular corn cake baked into the “Start” ground. ○ 4 plus starts: Intertribal Adorned with beautiful clothing. ○ 4 starts: Contest 4 days long. 3 Honor Beats Massage by godmother, mold into ideal woman figure. Rite of passage. Pow-Wow Sometimes called “picnics”, social Plains Region events among tribe members Founded in the great state of General Culture Oklahoma Large, communal buffalo hunts. Grand entry Horse culture, this is the Men exclusively play the drum, characteristic animal of the region. center or “heartbeat” of the Intertribal raiding & warfare. powwow. Both men & women sing, Men’s society; tribal ceremonies women singing an octave higher Lived in “tipis” - their houses. than the men. Competitive dance ceremonies Musical Characteristics Master of Ceremonies Tense, tight/strained vocal style. Call and response form. Tumbling strain. Wide melodic range Slowest to Fastest Plains Dances for Men & Women There are two dividing regions in the Plains Men’s Dances with distinct characteristics: North & 1. Southern Straight South; This division is marked by the 2. Northern Traditional Oklahoma/Kansas Border 3. Grass Dance 4. Fancy Dance North Women’s Dances Higher vocal range 1. Southern Cloth Smaller drum: 10 people 2. Buckskin “Push-Up” 3. Jingle Dress ○ 4 plus push-up: Intertribal 4. Fancy Shawl ○ 4 push-up: Contest Southeast Region General Culture 5 civilized tribes originated in this region: ○ Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Creek, Chickasaw Agricultural region Sacred fire Trail of Tears Architecture Live in Wattle or Daub Houses: look like normal houses but with straw roofs General Music Elements Relaxed voices in medium/high range. Vocal shake or pulsating at the ends of phrases, generally unique in comparison to what we’ve heard for the rest of the regions. Call and response form. Turtle shells as percussive elements.