National Building Code PDF

NATIONAL BUILDING CODE 1. All buildings or structures as well as accessory facilities thereto shall conform in RULE I – GENERAL PROVISIONS all respects to the principles...

NATIONAL BUILDING CODE 1. All buildings or structures as well as accessory facilities thereto shall conform in RULE I – GENERAL PROVISIONS all respects to the principles of safe SECTION 101. Title construction and must be suited to the purpose for which they are designed. These Rules shall be known and cited as the “Revised Implementing Rules and 2. Buildings or structures intended to be used Regulations of the National Building for the manufacture and/or production of any Code of the Philippines (P.D. 1096)” and kind of article or product shall observe shall be referred to as the “IRR”. adequate environmental safeguards. SECTION 102. Declaration of Policy 3. Buildings or structures and all parts thereof as well as all facilities found therein shall be It is hereby declared to be the policy of the maintained in safe, sanitary and good State to safeguard life, health, property, and working condition. public welfare, consistent with the principles of sound environmental management and SECTION 105. Site Requirements control; and to this end, make it the purpose The land or site upon which will be of the Code to provide for all buildings and constructed any building or structure, or any structures, a framework of minimum ancillary or auxiliary facility thereto, shall be standards and requirements to regulate and sanitary, hygienic or safe. In case of sites or control their location, site, design, quality of buildings intended for use as human materials, construction, use, occupancy, and habitation or abode, the same shall be at a maintenance. safe distance, as determined by competent SECTION 103. Scope and Application authorities, from streams or bodies of water and/or sources of air considered to be 1. Scope: ✓Mechanical polluted; from a volcano or volcanic site and/or any other building considered to be a ✓Architectural ✓Sanitary potential source of fire or explosion. ✓Civil/structural ✓Plumbing SECTION 106. Definitions ✓Electrical ✓Electronics ADDITION – Any new construction which increases the height and/or floor area of 2. Existing buildings or structures without existing buildings/structures. appropriate building permits/certificates of occupancy may be legalized and issued the AGENCY OF THE GOVERNMENT – Refers necessary permits and certificates, provided, to any of the various units of the government they are made to conform to these rules and including a department, bureau, office, regulations. instrumentality, or government owned or controlled corporation. 3. The applicable and consistent provisions of the allied professional codes and other ALTERATION – Works in government agency codes as approved by buildings/structures involving changes in the the DPWH Secretary shall serve as the materials used, partitioning, location/size of referral codes of PD 1096 and this IRR. openings, structural parts, existing utilities and equipment but does not increase the SECTION 104. General Building building height and/or floor area. Requirements APPLICATION FORMS – A preformatted MOVING – The transfer of prescribed application form duly buildings/structures or portion/s thereof from accomplished and notarized by the original location or position to another, either respective design professional with within the same lot or to a different one. validation matrices related to other building rules and regulations. OFFICE OF THE BUILDING OFFICIAL (OBO) – The Office authorized to enforce the APPLICANT/PERMITTEE – Any person, provisions of the Code and its IRR in the field firm, partnership, corporation, head of as well as the enforcement of orders and government or private institution, decisions made pursuant thereto. organization of any character applying for the issuance of permits and certificates. REFERRAL CODES – The applicable provisions of the various agency and BUILDING OFFICAL – the Executive Officer technical professional codes that are of the OBO appointed by the Secretary. supplementary to the Code. BUILDING PERMIT – A document issued by RENOVATION – Any physical change made the Building Official (BO) to an on buildings/structures to increase the value, owner/applicant to proceed with the quality, and/or to improve the aesthetic. construction, installation, addition, alteration, REPAIR – Remedial work done on any renovation, conversion, repair, moving, damaged or deteriorated portion/s of demolition or other work activity of a specific building/structure to restore to its original project/building/structure or portions thereof condition. after the accompanying principal plans, specifications and other pertinent SECRETARY – Head or Chief Executive documents. Officer of DPWH. CODE – PD 1096, otherwise known as the STAFF – The personnel of the National National Building Code of the Philippines. Building Code Development Office (NBCDO). CONSTRUCTION – All on-site work done in the site preparation, excavation, foundation, assembly of all the components and installation of utilities, machineries and RULE II – ADMINISTRATION AND equipment of buildings/structures. ENFORCEMENT CONVERSION – A change in the use or SECTION 201. Responsibility for occupancy of buildings/structures or any Administration and Enforcement portion/s thereof, which has different The administration and enforcement of the requirements. provisions of the Code and this IRR, DEMOLITION – The systematic dismantling including the imposition of penalties for or destruction of a building/structure, in administrative violations thereof, is hereby whole or in part. vested in the Secretary. DEPARTMENT – The Department of Public SECTION 202. Technical Staff Works and Highways (DPWH). The National Building Code Development EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR – The Executive Office (NBCDO) created through DPWH Officer or Head of the NBCDO. Department Order, shall serve as the technical staff of the Secretary. SECTION 203. General Powers and 1. A Filipino citizen and of good moral Functions of the Secretary character. 1. Formulate policies, plans, standards and 2. A duly registered architect or civil engineer. guidelines on building design, construction, 3. A member of good standing of a duly use, occupancy and maintenance, in accredited organization of his profession for accordance with the Code. not less than five (5) years endorsed or 2. Issue and promulgate additional rules and recommended by the accredited regulations in the form of Memorandum professional organization. Circulars to implement the provisions of the 4. Has at least five (5) years of diversified Code and ensure compliance with policies, and professional experience in building plans, standards and guidelines and issue design and construction. office guidelines. 5. Has attended and successfully completed 3. Exercise appellate jurisdiction over the a seminar workshop on PD 1096 and its IRR decisions and orders of the Building Official. conducted by the DPWH. 4. Evaluate, review, approve and/or take final SECTION 207. Duties of the Building Official action on changes and/or amendments to existing Referral Codes. 1. Be primarily responsible for the enforcement of the provisions of 5. Prescribe and impose the amount of fees and other charges as may be deemed the Code and its IRR, as well as circulars, necessary that the Building Official shall memoranda, opinions collect in connection with the performance of regulatory functions. and decisions/orders issued pursuant thereto. 6. Appoint a Building Official, separate and distinct from the Office of the City/Municipal 2. Have overall administrative control and/or Engineers in all Cities and Municipalities. supervision over all works pertinent to buildings/structures in his area of SECTION 204. Professional and Technical responsibility. Assistance 3. Ensure that all changes, modifications, The Secretary may secure professional, and alterations in the design plans during the technical, scientific and other services construction phase shall not start until the including testing laboratories and facilities modified design plan has been evaluated from other agencies of the National and the necessary amendatory permit Government when deemed necessary. issued. SECTION 205. Building Officials 4. Undertake annual inspections of all buildings/structures and keep an up-to-date Except as otherwise provided herein, the record of their status. Building Official shall be responsible for carrying out the provisions of the Code in the 5. Upon complaint or motu propio and after field as well as the enforcement of orders and due notice/s and hearing, initiate action decisions made pursuant thereto. towards: SECTION 206. Qualifications of Building Officials a. Non-issuance, suspension, revocation the Code, the term “traditional indigenous and/or invalidation of a building permit or family dwelling” means a dwelling certificate of occupancy; intendedfor the use and occupancy by the family of the owner only and constructed of b. Issuance of work stoppage order, or an native materials such as bamboo, nipa, logs, order for discontinuance of the use or or lumber, the total cost of which does not occupancy of the building/structure or portion exceed fifteen thousand pesos (P15,000.00). thereof; SECTION 210. Use of Income from Fees c. Declaration of a building/structure as ruinous or dangerous; and/or 1. Recording of Collections d. The imposition of appropriate 2. Disposition of Collections fines/penalties. SECTION 211. Implementing Rules and 6. Submit a quarterly situational report to the Regulations Secretary through the In the implementation of the provisions of the NBCDO, on the status of all existing, on- Code and its IRR, the Secretary shall going, and proposed formulate necessary rules and regulations and adopt design and construction standards public as well as private building/structure and criteria for buildings and other activities. structures. 7. Undertake such other duties and tasks as SECTION 214. Dangerous and Ruinous may be assigned by the Secretary from time Buildings or Structures to time. Dangerous buildings are those which are SECTION 208. Fees herein declared as such or are structurally 1. The Secretary, thru Memorandum unsafe or not provided with safe egress, or Circulars, shall prescribe the rates of fees which constitute a fire hazard, or are and formulate guidelines in the imposition otherwise dangerous to human life, or which and collection of fees. in relation to existing use. 2. Subject to existing budgetary, accounting SECTION 215. Abatement of Dangerous and auditing rules and regulations, the Buildings When any building or structure is Building Official shall retain not more than found or declared to be dangerous or 20% of the income/collection derived from ruinous, the Building Official shall order its permit fees and other charges for the repair, vacation or demolition depending operating expenses of his office. upon the degree of danger to life, health, or safety. 3. Every Building Official shall keep a permanent record and accurate account of SECTION 216. Other Remedies all fees and other charges fixed and The rights, actions and remedies provided in authorized to be collected and received. the Code and in the IRR shall be in addition SECTION 209. Exemption to any and all other rights of action and remedies that may be available under Public buildings and traditional indigenous existing laws. family dwellings shall be exempt from payment of building permit fees. As used in RULE III - PERMITS AND INSPECTION  application/s therefor on the prescribed application forms. SECTION 301. Building Permits 2. Together with the accomplished 1. No person, firm or corporation, including prescribed application form/s, the following any agency or instrumentality of the shall be submitted to the OBO: government shall construct, alter, repair, convert, use, occupy, move, demolish and a. In case the applicant is the registered add any building/structure or any portion owner of the lot: thereof or cause the same to be done, i. Certified true copy of OCT/TCT, on file with without first obtaining a building permit the Registry of Deeds, therefor from the Building Official assigned in the place. ii. Tax Declaration, and 2. Permits supplementary to a Building iii. Current Real Property Tax Receipt. Permit shall be applied for and issued by the Building Official. These include Ancillary and b. In case the applicant is not the registered the owner of the lot, in addition to the above; duly notarized copy of the Contract of Lease, or Accessory Permits. Deed of Absolute Sale. a. Ancillary Permits 3. Five (5) sets of survey plans, design plans, i. Architectural Permit specifications and other documents prepared, signed and sealed over the printed ii. Civil/Structural Permit names of the duly licensed and registered professionals. iii. Electrical Permit 4. Architectural Documents iv. Mechanical Permit 5. Civil/Structural Documents v. Sanitary Permit 6. Electrical Documents vi. Plumbing Permit 7. Mechanical Documents vii. Electronics Permit 8. Sanitary Documents b. Accessory Permits 9. Plumbing Documents 3. Exemption From Building Permits 10. Electronics Documents A building permit shall not be required for the following minor constructions and repairs, 11. Geodetic documents provided these shall not violate any provision 12. Clearances from Other Agencies of the Code and this IRR. a. Minor Constructions SECTION 303. Processing of Building Permits b. Repair Works SECTION 304. Issuance of Building Permit SECTION 302. Application for Permits 1. When the application for building permit 1. Any person desiring to obtain a building and the plans and specifications submitted permit and any ancillary/accessory permit/s herewith conforms to the requirements together with a Building Permit shall file of the Code and its IRR, the Building Official 1. Errors found in the plans and shall within fifteen (15) days from payment of specifications; the required fees by the applicant, issue the building permit applied for. 2. Incorrect or inaccurate data or information supplied; 2. The Building Official may issue a permit for 3. Non-compliance with the provisions of the the construction of only a part or portion of a Code or any rules or regulations. building/structure whenever the plans and specifications submitted together with the SECTION 307. Appeal application do not cover the entire building/structure. Within fifteen (15) days from the date of receipt of advice of the non- issuance, SECTION 304. Issuance of Building Permit suspension or revocation of permits, the applicant/permittee may file an appeal with 3. The Building Official may issue a Ground the Secretary who shall render his decision Preparation and Excavation Permit even within fifteen days from date of receipt of while the building permit application is still notice of appeal. being processed subject to payment of the corresponding fees. SECTION 308. Inspection and Supervision of Work 4. For excavations more than 50.00 cu. meters and more than 2.00 meters in depth, 1. The owner of the Building who is issued or the owner/permittee shall post a cash bond granted a building permit under the Code of fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) for the shall engage the services of a duly licensed first 50.00 cu. meters and three hundred architect or civil engineer to undertake the full pesos (P300.00) for every cu. meters in time inspection and supervision of the excess of 50 cu. meters until the building construction work. permit is issued, said excavations shall not exceed 100.00 cu. meters or 3.00 meters in 2. Such architect or civil engineer may or depth and shall not be left open without any may not be the same architect or civil work being done in the site for more than one engineer who is responsible for the design of hundred twenty (120) days. the building. 5. Terms and Conditions of Permits 3. It is understood however that in either case, the designing architect or civil engineer SECTION 305. Validity of Building Permits is not precluded from conducting inspection of the construction work to check and The issuance of a building permit shall not be determine compliance with the plans and construed as an approval or authorization to specifications of the building submitted. the permittee to disregard or violate any of the provisions of the Code. 4. There shall be kept at the jobsite at all times a logbook wherein the actual progress SECTION 306. Non-issuance, Suspension or Revocation of Building Permits of construction including tests conducted, weather conditions and other pertinent data The Building Official may order or cause the are to be recorded. non-issuance, suspension or revocation of 5. Upon completion of the construction, the building permits on any or all of the following reasons or grounds: said licensed architect or civil engineer shall submit the logbook, duly signed and sealed, to the Building Official. SECTION 309. Certificate of Occupancy occupancy conforms with the requirement of the Code and its IRR. 1. The owner/permittee shall submit to the OBO an application of Certificate of RULE IV - TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION Occupancy together with a duly notarized SECTION 401. Types of Construction Certificate of Completion together with the construction logbook, as-built plans and Type I - shall be of wood construction. The specifications and the Building Inspection structural elements may be any of the Sheet all signed by whoever is the contractor materials permitted by the Code. (if the construction is undertaken by contract) and signed and sealed by the Owner’s duly Type II - shall be of wood construction with licensed Architect or Civil Engineer who protective fire-resistant materials and one- undertook the full time inspection and hour fire resistive throughout, except, that supervision of the construction works. permanent non-bearing partitions may use fire-retardant treated wood within the framing 2. A notification to conduct final inspection assembly with one-hour resistivity. shall be endorsed by the OBO to the C/MFM, BFP, who shall issue a Fire Safety Inspection Type III - shall be of masonry and wood Certificate within five (5) workings days if the construction. Structural elements may be Fire Safety requirement shall have been any of the materials permitted by the Code complied. provided, that the building shall be one-hour fire-resistive throughout. Exterior walls shall 3. The OBO undertakes the final inspection, be of incombustible fire- resistive verification and/or review of the construction. building/structure based on the Certificate of Completion, construction logbook, building Type IV - shall be steel, iron, concrete, or inspection sheets, original and as-built plans masonry construction and walls, ceiling and and specifications, as the case may be and permanent partitions shall be of specifications on the prescribed standard incombustible fire-resistive construction, form according to the requirements set forth except, that permanent non-bearing under Section 303. partitions of one-hour fire-resistive construction may use fire-retardant treated 4. Prior to the issuance of the Certificate of wood within the framing assembly. Occupancy, the OBO shall prepare the corresponding fees and order of payment. Type V - shall be four-hour fire-resistive throughout and the structural elements shall a. A partial Certificate of Occupancy may be be of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry issued for the use or occupancy of a portion construction. or portions of a building or structure prior to the completion of the entire building or SECTION 402. Changes in Types structure, through the proper phasing of its No change shall be made in the type of major independent portions without posing construction of any building which would hazards to its occupants, the adjacent place the building in a different sub- type or building residents and general public. type of construction unless such building is b. b. A building for which a Certificate of made to comply with the requirements for Occupancy has been issued may further be such sub- type of construction: Except, when issued other Certificates of Occupancy due the changes is approved by the Building to changes in use, whether partly or wholly, Official upon showing that the new or provided, that the new use/s or character/s of proposed construction is less hazardous, based on life and fire risk, than the existing c. Materials required to be flame-spread construction. proofed shall be treated with a flame- retardant having a flame-spread of fifty (50) SECTION 403. Requirements on Type of or less as determined by the “Tunnel Test”. Construction 3. Standards for materials use in structural Fire Resistive Requirements framework, exterior walls and openings, a. Exterior bearing and non-bearing walls of floors, exits, stairs & roofs shall be governed Types II and III Constructions shall have one by the pertinent provision of the Fire Code of hour fire-resistive rating, while those of Types the Philippines. IV and V shall have four-hour fire-resistive RULE V – REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE rating. ZONES b. Interior bearing walls, permanent SECTION 501. Fire Zones Defined partitions, floors, and roofs of Types II, III and IV Construction shall have one-hour fire- Fire zones are areas within which only resistive rating while those of Type V shall certain types of buildings/structures are have three hour fire-resistive rating for permitted to be constructed based on their bearing walls and one-hour fire-resistive use or occupancy, type of construction, and rating for vertical openings, floors and roofs. resistance to fire. c. Structural frames of Types II and III SECTION 502. Buildings Located in More Construction shall have one-hour fire- Than One Fire Zone resistive rating, while those of Type IV shall A building/structure which is located partly in have two-hour fire-resistive rating and those one (1) fire zone and partly in another shall of Type V shall have three hour fire-resistive be considered to be in the more highly rating. restrictive fire zone, when more than one d. Exterior doors and windows shall have one third (1/3) of its total floor area is located in hour fire-resistive rating for all Types. such zone. Interior Wall and Ceiling Finishes SECTION 503. Moved Buildings a. Finishes for interior walls and ceilings of 1. Any building/structure moved within or into any building shall be classified according to any fire zone shall be made to comply with their flame-spread characteristic using all the requirements for buildings/structures generally accepted engineering standards. in that fire zone. The smoke density shall not be greater than 2. This shall also apply to pre-engineered or that obtained from burning of untreated wood pre-fabricated buildings/structures that may under similar conditions when tested in be dismantled and re-assembled. accordance with the “Tunnel Test” in the way intended for use. SECTION 504. Temporary Buildings/Structures b. Requirements for flame-spread characteristics of finishes shall not apply to 1. Temporary buildings such as reviewing frames and trim of doors and windows and to stands and other miscellaneous structures materials which are less than 1.00 millimeter conforming to the requirements of the Code, in thickness cemented to the surface of walls and sheds, canopies and fences used for the or ceilings. protection of the public around and in d) Additions thereto are separated from the conjunction with construction work, may be existing building by fire walls, as set forth in erected in the fire zones by special permit Section 506 (b); from the Building Official for a limited period e) Damage from fire or earthquake, typhoons of time, and such buildings or structures shall or any fortuitous event may be repaired, be completely removed upon the expiration using the same kind of materials of which the of the time limit stated in such permits. building or structure was originally 2. Erection of temporary buildings/structures constructed, provided that, the cost of such to be located in restrictive and highly repair shall not exceed 20% of the restrictive zones and which do not conform replacement cost of the building or structure. with the type of construction allowed or SECTION 507. Designation of Fire Zones permitted within such zones may be allowed by the Building Official for a given period of The legislative body of the LGU may enact time provided that, fire protective/preventive ordinances for the purpose of designating measures and fire suppression facilities are fire zones based on the parameters and adequate. guidelines set forth in this Section. SECTION 505. Center Lines of Streets 1. Designation of Fire Zones is purposely for management, prevention, control and The center line of adjoining street or alley suppression of conflagration that may occur may be considered anadjacent property line. in population centers. The designation of fire Distances shall be measured at right angles zones is as follows: to the street or alley. a) Non-Fire Restricted Zones: These are SECTION 506. Restrictions on Existing areas where siting of buildings/structures are Buildings permitted without fire-resistivity measures, 1. Existing buildings or structures in fire often located in the country sides or rural zones that do not comply with the areas where commercial and industrial and requirements for a new building erected other buildings are sparsely constructed, or therein shall not hereafter be enlarged, may be clustered in small groups like farm altered, remodeled, repaired or moved lands wherein dwellings are built of except as follows: indigenous materials such as bamboo, sawali, nipa, cogon, palm leaves and wood a) Such building is entirely demolished; up to Types I and II Construction as classified b) Such building is to be moved outside the in Section 401 of the Code. limits of the more highly restrictive Fire Zone b) Fire Restrictive Zones: Areas wherein to a zone where the building meets the siting of buildings/structures are permitted minimum standards; within prescribed fire-resistivity measures for c) Changes, alterations and repairs may be exterior walls of at least two-hour fire made provided that in any 12- month period, resistivity. Usual locations in suburban areas the value of the work does not exceed 20% are permitted to be built with at least one- of the value of the existing building, and hour fire-resistivity throughout as Types II, III provided that, such changes do not add to IV Constructions as prescribed in Section additional combustible material, and do not, 401 of the Code. in the opinion of the Building Official, increase the fire hazard; c) Highly Fire Restrictive Zones: Areas all projections from the walls enclosing such wherein highly fire- resistive or non- wells or yards with the exception of roof combustible buildings/structures and/or leaders, wall copings, sills, or steel fire construction assemblies of no less than three escapes not exceeding 1.20 meters in width. to four-hour fire-resistive construction SECTION 803. Percentage of Site materials are used throughout, including Occupancy exterior walls. Only Types IV and V Constructions are permitted in the areas. 1. The measurement of the percentage (%) RULE VIII - LIGHT AND VENTILATION of site occupancy (or lot occupancy) shall be taken at the ground level and shall be SECTION 801. General Requirements of exclusive of courts, yards and light wells. Light and Ventilation 2. In case of proposed additional 1. Subject to the provisions of the Civil Code construction on a lot on which another of the Philippines on Easements of Light and building/structure already stands, the View, and to the specific provisions of the Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO) arising Code, every building shall be designed, out of such existing buildings/structures must constructed, and equipped to provide be included in the computation of the PSO adequate light and ventilation. for the Total Lot Area (TLA). 2. All buildings shall face a street or public 3. Maximum site occupancy shall be alley or a private street which has been duly governed by use, type of construction, and approved. (Refer to Guidelines on height of the building and the use, area, Streets/RROW and Sidewalks at the end of nature and location of the site; and subject to this Rule) the provisions of the local zoning requirements and in accordance with the 3. No building shall be altered nor arranged following types of open spaces: so as to reduce the size of any room or the relative area of windows to less than that a. Public open spaces – streets, alleys, provided for buildings under this Rule, or to easements of sea/lakeshores, rivers, creeks, create an additional room, unless such esteros, railroad tracks, parks/plazas, additional room conforms to the playgrounds, and the like. requirements of this Rule. b. Total Open Spaces within Lot (TOSL) – 4. No building shall be enlarged so that the courts, yards, gardens, light wells, dimensions of the required court or yard uncovered driveways, access roads and would be less than what is prescribed for parking spaces consisting of two (2) types: such building lot. i. Paved or tiled (hardscaped areas); sub- SECTION 802. Measurement of Site classification of open space shall fall under Occupancy Maximum Allowable Impervious Surface Areas (ISA) within the Total Lot Area (TLA); 1. The measurement of site occupancy or lot and occupancy shall be taken at the ground level and shall be exclusive of courts, yards, and ii. Unpaved areas within the lot that are with light wells. exposed soil and planted (softscaped), i.e., the Unpaved Surface Areas (USA); this sub- 2. Courts, yards, and light wells shall be classification is the true open space. measured clear of 4. Minimum Requirements for Total Open described under this Rule. When the lots as Spaces within Lot (TOSL) described in Figures VIII.2. through VIII.8.are too narrow or too shallow such that the public a. Total Open Spaces within Lot (TOSL) are open space, e.g., RROW, alley or the like on portions of the Total Lot Area (TLA) not which they abut can adequately supply light occupied by the Maximum Allowable PSO. and ventilation to every room therein subject The TOSL may consist of either the to the requirements on window opening, the Maximum Allowable ISA (hardscaped areas) requirements on the minimum Total Open or the USA (exposed and planted/softscaped Space within Lot (TOSL) above may be soil) or may also be the combination of both waived types of open spaces. SECTION 804. Sizes and Dimensions of b. Group A buildings or Residential 1 (R-1) Courts uses/occupancies shall follow the minimum yard standards in Table VIII.2. to comply with 1. Minimum sizes of courts and yards and the TOSL requirement. their least dimensions shall be governed by the use, type of construction, and height of c. Abutments for Basic Uses/Occupancies the building as provided hereunder, provided forming part of new developments shall be that the minimum horizontal dimension of basically similar to the restrictions prescribed said courts and yards shall be not less than for firewalls under Rule VII, to wit: 2.00 meters. i. Absolutely no abutments are allowed at any 2. The required open space shall be located property line for any R-1 lot type/location. totally or distributed anywhere within the lot ii. Abutments shall be allowed on only one (1) in such a manner as to provide maximum side for any R-2 lot type/location. There shall light and ventilation into the building. be no firewalls/abutments on the front and 3. YARD – the required open space left rear property lines for any R-2 lot type/ between the outermost face of the location. building/structure and the property lines, iii. Abutments shall be allowed on two (2) e.g., front, rear, right and left side yards. The sides only or on one (1) side and the rear width of the yard is the setback. Yards property line/ boundary for any R-3 lot prescribed for Commercial, Industrial, type/location. Institutional and Recreational Buildings Minimum Setbacks for Residential iv. Abutments shall be allowed on two (2) Buildings/Structures sides only for any R-4 lot type/location. SECTION 805. Ceiling Heights v. Abutments shall be allowed on two (2) sides only or on one (1) side and the rear 1. Habitable rooms provided with artificial property line/boundary for any R-5 lot ventilation shall have ceiling heights not less type/location. than 2.40 meters measured from the floor to the ceiling; provided that for buildings of vi. Abutments shall be allowed on two (2) more than one (1) storey, the minimum sides only or on one (1) side and the rear ceiling height of the first storey shall be 2.70 property line/boundary for any C-3 lot meters and that for the second story 2.40 type/location. meters and the succeeding stories shall have d. Lot Type/Location Only seven (7) types of an unobstructed typical head-room lots and their respective locations are clearance of not less than 2.10 meters above the finished floor. Above-stated rooms with natural ventilation shall have ceiling heights spaces; b. Has a ceiling height of not less of not less than 2.70 meters. than 2.70 meters; 2. Mezzanine floors shall have a clear ceiling c. Has one of the longer sides at least 65% height not less than 1.80 meters above and open and unobstructed. below it. 3. Eaves, canopies, awnings (or media agua) SECTION 806. Sizes and Dimensions of over required windows shall not be less than Rooms 750 millimeters from the side and rear property lines. 1. Minimum sizes of rooms and their least horizontal dimensions shall be as follows: 4. There shall absolutely be no openings on/at/within/through all types of abutments a. Rooms for Human Habitations – 6.00 sq. (such as firewalls) erected along property meters with a least dimension of 2.00 meters; lines except for permitted vent wells. This b. Kitchen – 3.00 sq. meters with a least Rule strictly applies to all new and existing dimension of 1.50 meters; and developments. c. Bath and toilet – 1.20 sq. meters with a 5. In locating window openings it should be least dimension of 900 millimeters. borne in mind that in cases of extreme emergencies windows must serve as SECTION 807. Air Space Requirements in emergency egress to vacate the premises or Determining the Size of Rooms access for rescue operations. 1. Minimum air space shall be provided as SECTION 809. Vent Shafts follows: 1. Ventilation or vent shafts shall have a a. School Rooms – 3.00 cu. meters with 1.00 horizontal cross-sectional area of not less sq. meter of floor area per person; than 1.00 sq. meter for every meter of height b. Workshop, Factories, and Offices – 12.00 of shaft but in no case shall the area be less cu. meters of air space per person; and than 1.00 sq. meter. c. Habitable Rooms – 14.00 cu. meters of air 2. Unless open to the outer air at the top for space per person. its full area, vent shafts shall be covered by a skylight having a net free area or fixed SECTION 808. Window Openings louver openings equal to the maximum required shaft area. 1. Rooms intended for any use, not provided with artificial ventilation system, shall be 3. Air ducts shall open to a street or court by provided with a window or windows with a a horizontal duct or intake. total free area of openings equal to at least 10% of the floor area of the room, provided SECTION 810. Ventilation Skylights that such opening shall be not less than 1.00 1. Ventilation skylights shall have a glass sq. meter. area not less than that required for the 2. Required windows may open into a roofed windows that are replaced. They shall be porch where the porch: equipped with movable sashes or louvers with an aggregate net free area not less than a. Abuts a court, yard, public street or alley, the parts in the replaced window that can be or open watercourse and other public open opened, or else provide artificial ventilation of equivalent effectiveness. SECTION 811. Artificial Ventilation 4. The design, construction and operation of independent waterwork systems of private 1. Rooms or spaces housing industrial or housing subdivisions or industrial estates heating equipment shall be provided with shall be governed by existing laws relating to artificial means of ventilation to prevent local waterworks system. excessive accumulation of hot and/or polluted air. 5. The water piping installation for water supply and distribution to each fixture 2. Whenever artificial ventilation is required, including the wastewater drainage with the equipment shall be designed to meet the proper venting inside building and premises, following minimum requirements in air shall conform to the provision of the Revised changes. National Plumbing Code of the Philippines. RULE IX - SANITATION SECTION 903. Wastewater Disposal System SECTION 901. General Requirements 1. Sanitary sewage from buildings and Subject to the provisions of Book II of the neutralized or pre-treated industrial Civil Code of the Philippines on Property, wastewater shall be discharged directly into Ownership, and its Modification, all buildings the nearest street sanitary sewer main of hereafter erected, altered, remodeled, existing municipal or city sanitary sewerage relocated or repaired for human habitation system in accordance with the criteria set by shall be provided with adequate and potable the Code on Sanitation of the Philippines and water supply, plumbing installation, and the Department of Environment and Natural suitable wastewater treatment or disposal Resources (DENR). system, storm water drainage, pest and 2. All buildings located in areas where there vermin control, noise abatement device, and are no available sanitary sewerage system such other measures required for the shall dispose their sewage to “Imhoff” or protection and promotion of health of septic tank and subsurface absorption field persons occupying the premises and others or to a suitable waste water treatment plant living nearby. or disposal system in accordance with the SECTION 902. Water Supply System Code on Sanitation of the Philippines and the Revised National Plumbing Code of the 1. Whenever available, the potable water Philippines. requirements for a building used for human habitation shall be supplied from existing 3. Sanitary and industrial plumbing municipal or city waterworks system. installations inside buildings and premises shall conform to the provisions of the 2. The quality of drinking water from Revised National Plumbing Code of the meteoric, surface or underground sources Philippines. shall conform to the criteria set in the latest approved National Standards for Drinking SECTION 904. Storm Drainage System Water Standards. 1. Rainwater drainage shall not discharge to 3. The design, construction and operation of the sanitary sewer system. deepwells for the abstraction of groundwater shall be subject to the provisions of the Water Code of the Philippines (PD 1067). 2. Adequate provisions shall be made to RULE X – BUILDING PROJECTION OVER drain rainwater from low areas in buildings PUBLIC STREETS and their premises. SECTION 1001. General Requirements 3. The drainage pipe installation and 1. No part of any building or structure or any sewerage system of any premises and/or of its appendages, shall project beyond the connection with any public disposal or any building line except as provided herein. acceptable terminal shall conform to the Revised National Plumbing Code of the 2. The projection of any structure or Philippines. appendage over a public property shall be SECTION 905. Pest and Vermin Control the distance measured horizontally from the property line to the outermost point of the 1. All buildings with hollow and/or wood projection. construction shall be provided with rat- proofing. SECTION 1002. Projection into Alleys or Streets 2. Garbage bins and receptacles shall be 1. No part of any structure or its appendage provided with ready means for cleaning and shall project into any alley or street, national with positive protection against entry of pests and vermins. road or public highway except as provided in the Code. 3. Dining rooms for public use without 2. Footings located at least 2.40 meters artificial ventilation shall be properly below grade along national roads or public screened. highway may project not more than 300 SECTION 906. Noise Pollution Control millimeters beyond the property line provided that said projection shall not obstruct any 1. Industrial establishments shall be provided existing utilities/services such as power, with positive noise abatement devices to water, sewer, gas, communication, and tone down the noise level of equipment and drainage lines, etc, unless the owner machineries to acceptable limits set down by concerned shall pay the corresponding the Department of Labor and Employment entities for the rerouting of the parts of the and the Department of Environment and affected utilities. Natural Resources. 3. Foundations may be permitted to 2. Noise as an unwanted sound both in encroach into public sidewalk areas to a quality and intensity and excessive vibration width not exceeding 500 millimeters; whose sources in building/structure provided that the top of the said foundation is construction shall conform to acceptable not less than 600 millimeters below the limits the required emission standards of established grade; and provided further, that DENR. said projection shall not obstruct any existing SECTION 907. Pipes Materials utilities/services such as power, water, sewer, gas, communication and drainage All pipe materials to be used in lines, etc., unless the owner concerned shall buildings/structures shall conform to the pay the corresponding entities for the standard specifications of the Bureau of rerouting of the parts of the affected utilities. Product Standards (BPS) of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI). SECTION 1003. Projection of Balconies and Appendages Over Streets 1. The extent of any projection over an alley 3. Construction. A marquee shall be or street shall be uniform within a block and constructed of incombustible material or shall conform to the limitations set forth in materials of not less than two-hours fire- Table X.1. as shown below: resistive construction. It shall be provided with necessary drainage facility. 2. The clearance between the established grade of the street and/ or sidewalk and the 4. Location. Every marquee shall be so lowest under surface of any part of the located as not to interfere with the operation balcony shall not be less than 3.00 meters. of any exterior standpipe connection or to obstruct the clear passage from stairway 3. In case the projection is a neon sign and exits from the building or the installation or the like, the same shall be in accordance with maintenance of electroliers. Rule XX – Signs. SECTION 1006. Movable Awnings or Hoods SECTION 1004. Arcades 1. Awning is a movable shelter supported 1. Whenever required by existing building entirely from an exterior wall of a building and and zoning regulations, arcades shall be of a type which can be retracted, folded, or constructed on sidewalks of streets. The collapsed against the face of a supporting width of the arcade and its height shall be building. uniform throughout the street provided that in no case, shall an arcade be less than 3.00 2. Clearance. The horizontal clearance meters above the established sidewalk between the awning and the curb line shall grade. (Fig. X.1.) not be less than 300 millimeters. The vertical clearance between the undermost surface of 2. Arcaded pedestrian walkways shall have a the awning and the pavement or ground line clear height of 3.00 meters. (Fig. X.1.) shall be not less than 2.40 meters. 3. Driveways crossing arcaded pedestrian Collapsible awnings shall be so designated walkways shall be at the same level with that that they shall not block a required exit when of the arcades for the safety of the collapsed or folded. pedestrians. (Fig. X.2.) SECTION 1007. Doors, Windows, and the SECTION 1005. Canopies (Marquees) Like 1.Canopy or Marquee is a permanent roofed Doors, windows, and the like less than 2.40 structure above a door attached to and meters above the pavement or groundline supported by the building and projecting over shall not, when fully opened or upon a wall or sidewalk. This includes any object opening, project beyond the property line or decoration attached thereto. except fire exit doors. 2. Projection and Clearances. The horizontal SECTION 1008. Corner Buildings with clearance between the outermost edge of Chaflans the marquee and the curb line shall be not 1. Every corner building or solid fence on a less than 300 millimeters. The vertical public street or alley less than 3.60 meters in clearance between the pavement or ground width shall be truncated at the corner. The line and the undersurface of any part the face of the triangle so formed shall be at right marquee shall not be less than 3.00 meters. angle to the bisector of the angle of the intersection of the street lines, provided, that in no case shall the length of the chaflan be stacked in an orderly manner to avoid less than 4.00 meters. (Fig. X.3.) toppling over or being otherwise displaced. No materials shall be piled or stacked higher 2. Corner buildings or solid wall fences to be than 1.80 meters, except in yards or sheds built abutting property lines on corners of intended especially for storage. public alley or street intersections shall be provided with chaflans to afford a clear view. SECTION 1103. Mixing Mortar on Public Property 3. If the building is arcaded, no chaflan is required notwithstanding that the width of the The mixing of mortar, concrete, or similar public street or alley is less than 3.60 meters. materials on public streets shall not be (Fig. X.4.) allowed. RULE XI - PROTECTION OF SECTION 1104. Protection of Utilities PEDESTRIANSnDURING CONSTRUCTION OR DEMOLITION 1. All public or private utilities and services above or below the SECTION 1101. General Requirements ground shall be protected from any damage 1. No person shall use or occupy a street, by any work being done under the permit. alley or public sidewalk for the performance 2. The protection shall be maintained while or work covered by a building permit except such work is being done and shall not in accordance with the provisions of this Rule. obstruct the normal functioning of any such utility. 2. No person shall perform any work or any 3. Temporary Light and Power building/structure adjacent to a public way in general use for pedestrian travel, unless the a. Temporary wiring for light, heat and/or pedestrians are protected as specified in this power shall be adequately protected against Rule. mechanical or over-current failures. All conductive materials enclosing fixed or 3. Any material, building/structure portable electric equipment, or forming a part temporarily occupying public property, of such equipment, shall be properly including fence, canopies and walkways, grounded. shall be adequately lighted between sunset and sunrise. b. Temporary electric service poles shall be SECTION 1102. Storage in Public Property self-supporting or adequately braced or guyed at all times. 1. Materials and equipment necessary for SECTION 1105. Walkway work to be done under a permit when placed or stored on public property shall not obstruct 1. When the Building Official authorizes a free and convenient approach to and use of sidewalk to be fenced or closed, or in case any fire hydrant, fire or police alarm box, there is no sidewalk in front of the utility box, catch basin, or manhole and shall building/structure site during construction or not interfere with any drainage of any street demolition, a temporary walkway of not less or alley, gutter, and with the safe and smooth than 1.20 meters shall be provided. flow of vehicular and pedestrian traffic. 2. Such walkway shall be capable of 2. Materials to be stored at or near supporting a uniform live load of 650.00 construction sites shall be piled or kilogram per sq. meters. 3. Durable wearing surface shall be provided the handling of such materials or their and must remain safe throughout the preparation for use, and accidental jars from construction period. trucks passing or delivering materials. 4. Where the sidewalk is permitted by the b. When the canopy is used for the storage Building Official to be fully occupied and of materials or for the performance of work of fenced-off or enclosed, a temporary walkway any kind, substantial railings not less than adjacent to the curb line shall be required. 1.00 meters high and solid toe boards not Where the street has no sidewalk, a less than 300 millimeters high shall be placed temporary walkway adjacent to the street line along the street side and ends of the canopy. not less than 600 millimeters wide shall be c. The deck flooring of a canopy shall consist provided. Where the RROW is 5.00 meters of planking not less than 50 millimeters in or less, no temporary walkway shall be thickness, closely laid. allowed. d. Canopies shall be constructed solid for its 5. Where only partial occupancy and fencing- entire length except for such openings as off of the sidewalk is necessary, a temporary may be necessary for loading purposes. walkway will not be required provided that a width of at least 600 millimeters of the e. Unless the top deck of the canopy is built sidewalk with protective railing on road side solidly against the face of the shall be left open for the use of pedestrians. building/structure to be SECTION 1106. Pedestrian Protection constructed/demolished, the vertical face of the canopy supports next to the building shall 1. Where the walkway occupies part of the be solidly fenced throughout, except for such roadway or is adjacent to an excavation, openings as may be necessary for the protective railings on the street side or on the execution of work. side of the excavation shall be required. f. The street side of the canopy shall be kept 2. Railings where required, shall be built open for a height of not less than 2.40 meters substantially strong and sturdy and shall not above the curb. be less than 1.00 meters in height. g. When a wall of the building abuts or front 3. Fences shall entirely enclose the a street, fans or catch platforms shall be construction/demolition site and shall be erected along that wall at the level of the first erected on the building side of sidewalks or floor of the building above the street level. walkways and shall be made of approved h. When the horizontal distance between the materials (e.g. G.I. sheet, wooden boards outermost face of the building and the outer and/or planks, plywood or Lawanit, sawali), edge of the sidewalk is less than one-half not less than 2.40 meters in height above the curb line. (1/2) the height of the building, a protective device such as a net or screen extending 4. Canopies from the uppermost part of the construction/demolition to ground level shall a. The protective canopy shall have a clear be required in addition to a fence and unobstructed height of 2.40 meters above canopy. the walkway and shall be made of sufficient strength and stability to sustain safely the i. Wherever required, protective weight of materials that may be placed netting/covering shall be of approved thereon, and to withstand shocks incident to and substantially strong material such as 2 i. All parts of buildings/structures under millimeters diameter G.I. wire, 38 millimeters construction/demolition, and all sheds, mesh nylon net, or canvas. scaffolds, canopied walkways, work or storage areas, and equipment used in j. Where a wall of the building abuts or fronts connection with such operations shall have a street, dust screens shall be erected to sufficient light to insure safety and protection cover the entire wall so as to prevent of life and property. nuisance from dust. ii. At locations where tools and/or machinery k. For medium and high-rise buildings six (6) are used, the average light intensity storeys and higher, all protective and safety measured at floor level shall be not less than devices/facilities shall be completely 500 LUX. Natural or artificial illumination installed including safety belts, safety nets shall be provided in such a manner that glare and canopies for the safety of workers, and shadows will not adversely affect the pedestrians, nearby residents and motorists. safety and protection of the public, workers 5. Warning Signs and Lights and property. a. At every construction/demolition site, b. Welding and Cutting warning signs shall be conspicuously posted i. Gas welding and cutting and arc welding in around the property. Warning signs shall be construction/ demolition operations shall be adequately illuminated at night for the restricted to experienced workers accredited protection of unwary pedestrians. by the Technical Education Skills b. All entrances/exits to and from the Development Authority (TESDA). construction/demolition site shall be kept ii. Gas welding or cutting or arc welding shall closed at all times except during actual not be done above pedestrians and workers. passage of men, materials or equipment. When unavoidable, an incombustible shield c. All warning signs and lights shall be shall be provided between the work and properly maintained even when operations workers below. A watchman shall be are not in progress. stationed to give warning at places where pedestrians and workers, in the course of d. All areas of danger in demolition their activity, are likely to pass under a gas operations shall be properly enclosed and welding or cutting or an arc welding danger signs posted. Watchmen shall be operation. provided to warn workers of impending dangers and all unauthorized persons shall iii. Gas welding or cutting shall not be carried be excluded from places where demolition is out in any place where ample ventilation is in progress. not provided or from which quick escape is difficult. SECTION 1107. Maintenance and Removal of Protective Devices iv. Tanks of fuel gas shall not be moved or allowed to stand for any extended period 1. Maintenance. All protective devices shall when not in use unless the caps of such be properly maintained in place kept in good tanks are in place. order for the entire length of time pedestrians may be endangered. v. Suitable cradles shall be used for lifting or lowering oxygen or fuel tanks, to reduce to a a. Average Light Intensity and Illumination minimum the possibility of dropping tanks. Ordinary rope slings shall not be used. vi. Tanks supplying gases for welding or ii. Hoisting machinery shall be enclosed to cutting shall be located at no greater exclude unauthorized persons. If placed distance from the work than is necessary for outside the building, further protection safety. against falling objects shall be provided. vii. Such tanks shall be securely fastened in iii. Guards shall be provided with exposed place and in upright position. They shall be gears and other moving parts and around stored or set in place for use so that they are hoisting cables at all points to prevent not exposed to the direct rays of the sun or workers from tripping or getting their clothing to high temperature. caught. viii. Before steel beams or other structural iv. Ample room shall be provided around shapes or elements of construction are cut hoisting engines, motors or machineries or by means of a gas flame, they shall be apparatus to allow the free and safe secured by cables or chains to prevent them movement of the operators. from dropping or swinging. v. When hoisting machinery is set on an ix. Where, in the course of demolition work, elevated platform, such platform shall be of steel work or ironwork is being cut, released substantial and sturdy construction. or dismantled, all necessary precautions Guardrails and toe boards shall be provided shall be taken to prevent danger from along all open sides of such platform. sudden twist, spring or collapse. vi. Electrical machinery and equipment to be c. Special Typhoon Precautions used for construction work shall be installed and operated in accordance with the i. Whenever a typhoon is expected to pass at Philippine Electrical Code. or near the construction site, all construction materials and equipment shall be secured vii. Steam boilers used in construction work against displacement by wind forces. shall be installed, equipped and maintained in accordance with the Philippine Mechanical ii. Construction sheds, construction materials Code. and equipment shall be secured by guying, shoring, or by tying down. viii. A tag line or guide rope shall be used on all loads being hoisted or lowered. iii. Where a full complement of personnel is employed or engaged for such protection e. Platform Hoists purposes, normal construction activity or i. Platform hoists for the handling of materials uses of materials or equipment may in buildings under construction shall have the continue, allowing such reasonable time as car substantially constructed and provided may be necessary to secure such materials with covers, either solid or wire mesh. and equipment before winds of gale force are anticipated. ii. If suitable overhead protection is provided, the covers may be omitted. d. Hoisting Machinery iii. Hoists shall be equipped with a broken- i. Every hoisting engine shall be provided rope safety device. with adequate brakes capable of holding the maximum load at any point of travel. iv. Where wheelbarrows or buggies are used for handling material on platform hoists, cleats shall be nailed to the platform to fix the proper position so that handles shall not and toe boards. project beyond platform edges. g. Derricks and Cranes v. Supports for the overhead sheave of the i. Derricks shall be so designed and hoist shall be designed to carry two (2) times the weight of the hoist and its maximum load. assembled that no part shall be stressed beyond the safe working stress for the f. Hoist Towers material under its maximum rated load in any possible position. Such maximum load shall i. Hoist towers erected in connection with be conspicuously posted on each derrick. construction work shall be substantially constructed. All members shall be so ii. The foot-block of every derrick shall be proportioned that the stresses shall not firmly secured against motion in any exceed those specified for the material when direction. carrying the dead load of the tower plus two iii. Guy derricks shall have the top of the mast times the weight of the platform or bucket or held by not less than six (6) steel guy cables its maximum load. secured by firm anchorages and so placed ii. Every hoist tower shall rest on a sufficiently that the angle of the guy with the mast shall solid foundation to prevent injurious be as large as possible. settlement or distortion of its framework. iv. The moving parts of derricks and cranes iii. The base of every hoist tower shall be shall be kept well lubricated. All parts shall be screened or otherwise protected on all sides inspected at least every other day. to a height of not less than 1.80 meters. v. Use and operation of cranes shall be in iv. Every hoist tower shall be secured in not accordance with Rule XIII. less than four (4) directions against swaying vi. In the operation of cranes and similar or tipping at intervals of not more than 10.00 devices, a standard signal system shall be meters in its height, by steel cable guys used and all men assigned to the operation adequately anchored or by other satisfactory of such equipment shall be fully instructed on means. the signals. v. Such towers which are constructed adjacent to buildings shall be secured to the building frame at each floor as the construction progresses. vi. Hoist towers erected within the building, but not occupying the entire opening through which they pass, shall be completely enclosed on all sides and shall be provided with doors at the unloading points unless the platform hoist is solidly enclosed on all sides to the height to which material is to be loaded or unloaded. vii. Landing platforms in hoist towers or platforms connecting a hoist tower to a building or other structure shall be provided with guardrails