Folk Music and Arts from Southeast Asian Countries PDF

**Folk Music and Arts from Southeast Asian Countries** A. **Vocal Music** 1. **Indigenous Songs** - Traditional songs and chants were used from birth ceremonies, lullabies, initiation rites and weddings to healing the sick, praying to gods, repelling evil spirits, and performing death...

**Folk Music and Arts from Southeast Asian Countries** A. **Vocal Music** 1. **Indigenous Songs** - Traditional songs and chants were used from birth ceremonies, lullabies, initiation rites and weddings to healing the sick, praying to gods, repelling evil spirits, and performing death rituals. Some chants were even done as a preparation for battles and after victories in war. Such vocal music in Southeast Asia was usually accompanied by drums, gongs, or other percussion instruments. a. Ambahan - a poetic, rhythmic, and monophonic chant of the Mangyan people. b. Iyaya -- lullabies c. Marayaw -- songs to communicate with spirits d. Ulit -- a shamanic chant used to cure sick e. Laplap bagit -- nature songs f. Sandaw -- lullaby g. Koirdas di la bordon - funeral song 2. **Work Songs and Children's Chants** - Songs that accompany work and play were usually rhythmic. The beat of the singing or chanting guided specific actions done while working playing. 3. **Folk Songs** - From the term "folk" which means people in general, folk songs were sung by the people in specific regions. They sang about the common day-to-day life in a community, raging from nonsense lyrics to words of wisdom. Passed down orally through generations, the folk songs' authors were usually unknown. 4. **Songs about Epics and Legends** - Singing was used to tell stories about epics, legends, myths, and folktales. This was practice among the indigenous peoples of Southeast Asia. 5. **Love Songs** - Love was a common theme in Southeast Asian songs before the war. B. **Instrumental Music** **Instrumental Ensembles** - **Gong orchestra** consisted of gongs, metallophones and xylophones. - **Kulintang** is a gong-based instrument and ensemble used for celebrations and rituals. The instrument is a row of small, horizontally laid gong kettles or knobbed gongs that are played melodically, accompanied by larger suspended gongs and drums. - **Angklung** refers to both the bamboo instrument and its ensemble. The instrument is made of bamboo rattle tubes attached to a frame while other hand steadily holds the upper part of the instrument. **Traditional Instruments** 1. **Metal idiophones** Idiophones are instruments made of hard materials that produce sound by striking, scraping, rubbing or shaking. These includes; 1. Gongs -- round metallic instruments struck to produce a resonant sound 2. Metallophones -- percussion instruments with a series of metal bars of varying pitch struck with hammers **Agung, Philippines Saron, Indonesia Bonang, Indonesia Ranat Ek Lek, Thailand** 2. **Wooden and Bamboo Percussions** Wood and bamboo percussion are common instruments that create relaxing sounds based on nature: sounds of animals, insects, wind, rivers, and rain. **Wooden Xylophones Bamboo Percussions**  **Gabbang, Philippines Gambang, Indonesia Oneat, Cambodia Tongatong, Philippines Kagul, Mindanao Trung, Vietnam** 3. **Aerophones** Aerophones produce sound by blowing air. Bamboo is abundant in Southeast Asia, and so this material makes up most wind instruments in the region. These include flutes of different sizes, played in either a vertical or horizontal manner. Suling,Brunei Khene, Laos Hne, Myanmar 4. **Chordophones** Chordophones produce sounds through the vibration of strings, whether by plucking, strumming, bowing or even striking.  Kudyapi, Philippines Khim, Cambodia Dan bau, Vietnam 5. **Membranophones**