Muscular System - Skeletal Muscle PDF

Muscular System I. Types of Muscle similarities in cardiac Muscle I heart) Smooth Muscle y contractions II. Skeletal Muscle muscle attached to skeleton ↳ provides mobility from lever...

Muscular System I. Types of Muscle similarities in cardiac Muscle I heart) Smooth Muscle y contractions II. Skeletal Muscle muscle attached to skeleton ↳ provides mobility from lever system · more than 1 nucleus all protect allowing they , you to move Epimysium thickest above [J I connective Tissue Perimysium : surrounds fascicle surrounds ↳ connective tissue - muscle bundle thinnest Endomysium within ↳ connective tissue  madeoferils : A. Types ofmovement no Contractions: trashcan example ~ 1.same w/contraction Isometric and Isotonic same tension length Isotonic:2. Concentric vs. Eccentric muscle shortens muscle lengthens B. Architecture against –resistance striationsagainst resistance C. Actin (thin) and myosin (thick) D. Titin gets Shorter (thin) (thick ( slides over doesn ore : myosin Fixed to line  conformational a to when calcium kinds E. Troponin and Tropomyosin troponin ,tropo mos S change aactin, myosinwas Binding site-open but prevents tropomyosin hides actin binding binding fro site myosin F. Sliding Filament – actin slides over myosin nancomesinds to of actin = conformational change causingacta in , sarcomere gets shorter contraction unbinds myosinga activ comes from allows full contraction nutrients 2 stored in body EX : fat G. Excitation-Contraction Coupling  motor acetylcholine. nicotinic receptor W a las actental releases neuron ↳ V 3. Neurotransmitter – Acetylcholine when binds = Ap in skeletal muscle neurotransmitter cell acetylcholine 4. Receptor à Action Potential 4 ↓ O 0 0 0 Action Potential - 5. T-Tubules : transmits AP throughout entire muscle cell To Ach T-tubule r concentration Gradient Stimulate all myofibrils bindsto DHP receptor 6. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) : contains calcium. Calcium d =bondegradesa ryanodine is receptor ↳ finds to troponin for sarcoplasmic reticulum your body moving topomyosina e acctin over cell membrane myosin surrounding muscle cell ↳ where nicotinic receptor is located sarcoplasmic reticulum here GAphits  must stimulate all my ofibrils , not just near sarcolemma. ↳ occurs through T-tubules needed to unbind myosin & actio H. ATP – unbinding when · now stiff you die body doesn't make ATP anymore I. , I. Rigor mortis muscles locked due to no ATP Ex : dead bunny falling. limbs over J. Motor Unit : alpha motor neuron-fibers stimulate in muscle fascicle K. Length-Tension Relationship http://tabletopwhale.com/2014/08/12/a-users-guide-to- muscles.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kFmbrRJq4w  Muscular System, continued I. Muscle Fiber Types II. Contractile Characteristics III. Structural Characteristics IV. Enzymatic Characteristics V. Energy Substrate VI. Muscle Fiber Recruitment – Size Principle (Henneman& - smallest diameter (Type 1) muscle is recruited first ↳ humans are able to use speed from top of arm type 1 -> in example of Type 2 (Speed quickly catching quarter Muscle Spindles VII. Applications monitor muscle : length , T l if muscle lengthened too far Type 2 , it will tear EToGolgiTendonorgan) : monitors muscle tensonon ~Type I time Type1 Endurance) Typez /strength/speed slow & ↓ tension Fast tension Each · motor unit is small fiber diameter & more fiber diameter myofibril either Typeforz can't contain both large · , ↓ mitochondrial density resSATP ↑ mitochondrial density a ~ some people genetically have more of type ~ capillary density ]2 capillary density · aerobic enzymes creates ATP , production, found in mitochondria alotis good eventually ↑ fat content (Ta) causes Ex : Chicken for endurance fatique fat enters through mitochondria d d derobic mes found in Breast & wing-types ; glycolytic enzymes enzy Jmitochondriaa · tasty ↑ because fat content! d glycogen content predded d feet content (T2) ~ glycolytic enzymes mitochondrial content uso/ of each muscle leg=type 2 less , - feet content. glycogen content Motor Unit : Type1 on since a mitochondrial density , can take Exception : Hybrid Fibers of anaerobic pathway must be but uso can take on I type Type 2characteristics each muscle used producing a glycolytic and Type I characteristics , but never fully becomes Type 1. ↳ Fatigue Type highly sucestible 2 is to glycogen fatigue Ex : developing more mitochondria content/mor glucose to make go primarily uses fibrils Type 2 Jw) training this is possible ATP. Hybrid convert to Fibers CAN type 2 w/strength training ↳ can change permanently to type 1 or type 2  Type 2 build up of lactic acid CHE Glu * cause fatigue Ca &H. + ↓ Glu Or charge, are both (+ ) 2 the (d > Glycogen causing - less · calcium coming Glycolysis less Cast binding to troponin out of SR , , a in A+P trypo myosin is now way mitochondria , , goi M tochondrig myosin can't must - bindto Fer-auty-con Pr aerobic d lactic (H enzymes a Pyr lot of ↓ > - pyruvatneed DAA citrate &