MT-Parotid Region PDF

ProfMTPhD Parotid Region Parotid Gland  Parotid Gland Largest salivary gland Between the mastoid process and ramus of mandible Weighs approximately 25gr Yellowish and lobulated  Parotid Gland Overlaps post. part of masseter muscle Pyramidal in shape...

ProfMTPhD Parotid Region Parotid Gland  Parotid Gland Largest salivary gland Between the mastoid process and ramus of mandible Weighs approximately 25gr Yellowish and lobulated  Parotid Gland Overlaps post. part of masseter muscle Pyramidal in shape: Base: Along the zygomatic arch Apex: Posterior to the angle of mandible  Parotid Duct 5cm long and 5mm in diameter Extends horizontally on the masseter muscle Pierces the buccinator muscle Opens into the oral cavity at the level of the 2nd maxillary molar tooth Accessory Parotid Gland Part of the gland located around the duct  The borders of parotid bed Anterior: Ramus of the mandible, masseter and medial pterygoid Posterior: Mastoid process Superior: Floor of the external acustic meatus and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone Medially: styloid process, posterior belly of digastric muscle, stylohyoid, styloglossus, stylopharyngeus muscles Laterally: Superficial layer of parotid fascia and skin Parotid Bed Opening of Parotid Duct 2nd maxillary molar tooth level  Capsule of the Gland Continuous with the deep fascia of the neck Superficial part: Covers the superficial surface Sends septa into the gland Attaches to the zygomatic arch Deep part: Covers anteromedial and posteromedial surfaces Attaches to the styloid process and angle of mandible  Surfaces of Parotid Gland The parotid gland is like a three sided pyramid presenting v Superior surface v Superficial (lat) surface v Posteromedial surface v Anteromedial surface  Surfaces of Parotis Gland Superior Surface (Base) Related to the external acoustic meatus and zygomatic arch. Auriculotemporal nerve is closely related to superior surface.  Surfaces of Parotis Gland Superficial Surface Covered by skin and superficial fascia Related to lymph nodes, great auricular nerve, post. border of platysma  Surfaces of Parotis Gland Anteromedial Surface Grooved by the post margin of ramus of mandible Covers posterior part of the masseter Facial nerve emerges from the anterior margin of this surface  Surfaces of Parotis Gland Posteromedial Surface Related to the mastoid process, sternocleidomastoid muscle, styloid process and its muscles, post belly of digastric External carotid artery grooves this surface Internal carotid a. and internal jugular v. are separated from the gland by the styloid process and its muscles  Structures Traversing The Parotid Gland External carotid artery Retromandibular vein Facial Nerve  Structures Traversing The Parotid Gland External Carotid Artery Enters the gland from the posteromedial surface Gives off the maxillary and superficial temporal aa within the gland Post auricular branch may also originate from the external carotid a within the gland  Structures Traversing The Parotid Gland Retromandibular Vein Formed by union of the maxillary and superficial temporal vv Leaves the gland through the post aspect of the apex Located superficial to the external carotid artery Joins the post. auricular v to form the external jugular v  Structures Traversing The Parotid Gland Facial Nerve Enters the gland from the superior part of the posteromedial surface Divides into two divisions and these main branches pass forward and downward behind the mandibular ramus Terminal branches leave the gland by its anteromedial surface  Vessels of the Gland External carotid a External jugular v Lymphatics of the Gland To superficial and deep cervical lymph nodes Innervation of the Gland Parasympathetic Inn: Tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve > otic ganglion>through auriculotemporal nerve (branch of mandibular n) > (the secretory fibers) parotid gland. Sympathetics from plexus around the ext carotid a §Parotitis §Mumps