Module 3 PDF

—-------Science—------- —---------IGOROT PEOPLE—--------- Science Igorot People Science is important to everyone. Mountaineer School science education should Northern Luzon, Philippines...

—-------Science—------- —---------IGOROT PEOPLE—--------- Science Igorot People Science is important to everyone. Mountaineer School science education should Northern Luzon, Philippines support the development of scientific The northern Luzon subgroup of the literacy in all students as well as Philippine languages, which belong motivate them to pursue careers in to the Austronesian. science, technology, and engineering. The Igorot peoples are Austronesians The Philippines’ Grades 1-10 Science They were known in earlier days for Curriculum envisions the their wars and practice of development of scientifically, headhunting. technologically, and environmentally The Igorots were a backward tribe literate and productive members of who couldn’t contribute any society. They must possess effective technological innovation to society communication and interpersonal They (preserve the culture of this and lifelong learning skills as well as tribe through the amalgamation of scientific values and attitudes. key information such as the igorot culture, cuisine, dance, and even the Life Science - Humans, Animals, Living latest social and political issues that Things, Plants, Microorganisms, Structure have wider implications to Philippine and Function: Humans and Other Animals, society.) Immune System, Cell, Genetics, Health, Evolution, and Biodiversity. —----Mangyan and Manobo Tribe—---- Visayas and Mindanao Matter - Characteristics of Objects around Southern Indigenous group of People us, Properties of Materials, changes that Upland and Lowland Tribal Groups Materials Undergo, Classification of Mangyan is a generic name for 8 Materials, Structure of Matter, and Elements ethnic groups of indigenous people living in Mindoro Force Energy And Work - Forces and The Manobo tribe live in Mindanao Motion, Electricity, Energy Transfer and Transformation, Light and heat, and Sound —---SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY—--- The southern Tribes are more technological Earth and Space - Soil, Weather, Natural advance in terms of the use of weaving, Hazards, Astronomy, Features of the Earth, pottery and system of writing. It was Rocks, and Plate tectonics theorized that the Southern Tribe was ASEAN Integration requires competitive already present by 900 A.D. technology Predictions of Weather We as Filipinos must expand our Kasili science and technology base to enable When animals in ranch eat grass and us to compete in an integrated wails, it means drought ASEAN. When Goat wails continuously Stronger Research and Development meaning there will be landslide Initiatives - Expand it by providing more grand support through DOST’s Medicine sector planning councils such as Anino PCIERD, PCAARD and ASTI in Tuob cooperation with universities in Herbolarios other regions. Houses Major Approaches: Hut Industry Development - Stronger Subanon Houses participation of scientists and engineer to revitalize our basic industries Agriculture Swidden Farming Increased Food Production - Given limited Agricultural cycle: Pendupi, Miyan, lands, technology is needed to expand yields Pemeres The Constellation Orion Renewable Energy - We need new technologies to enable high electricity yields Indigenous Science - Used the process of with less dependence on natural resources science skill through culture and values of for us to meet our COP21 commitments the community and passed down traditional while also lowering the electricity price. knowledge to the predecessors Faster and Cheaper Internet —-----Philippine Science and Technology Agenda—----- Innovation Culture - Innovation can only happen if we have enough scientists and technologists to develop an “innovation ecosystem.”  —-------MAJOR DEVELOPMENT —------Spanish Colonial Period—------ PROGRAMS & PERSONALITIES IN S&T IN Formal education institutions were THE PHILIPPINES—------- developed. Strategic Projects in 5 areas: Scientific organizations were 1. More research grants through the launched. DOST and sectoral planning councils Religion, mathematics, reading and and institutes. writing, music and arts, and health 2. Strengthen the Balik Scientist and sanitation were mandated in Program and retention program for schools. our current young scientists. Medicine and biology were taught in 3. S&T cooperation within ASEAN different educational and training especially on space programs and institutions. climate change adaptation. Innovative approaches were taught 4. Cooperation between industry and to farmers. the science community by involving Engineering was introduced and them in the sectoral planning developed to pave way for the councils. DOST’s programs for SMEs construction of bridges, churches, (Such as SET-UP) forts, and roads. Agricultural and industrial —------Pre-Colonial Times—------ development happened in the latter Herbal medicine was used to treat part of the colonial period to illnesses. prioritize trade due to its possible To facilitate trading, Filipinos used bigger profits. writing, numerical, measurement, and calendar systems. Miagao Church 10°38'30.3"N 122°14'07.8"E Farming, fishing, mining, and "A baroque-style church built in 1797 located weaving were the first livelihood in Miagao, Iloilo." skills developed by Filipinos. —-------American Colonization—------- Banaue Rice Terraces 16°55'24.5"N Institutions for science and 121°03'28.3"E technology were reorganized. “Pre-colonial terraces carved in the The Bureau was established for the mountains of Banaue, Ifugao.” purpose of studying tropical diseases but was later changed to the Bureau of Science in 1905.  The National Research Council of the Science and technology sector was Philippines was established in 1933. represented in the cabinet. Developments in science and The Science and Technology Master technology during the American Plan was launched to improve regime were focused on agriculture, research and build infrastructures for medicine, pharmacy, food the sector. processing, and forestry. In 1946, the Bureau of Science was Fidel Ramos Administration replaced by the Institute of Science. The Doctors to Barrio program was launched to make healthcare Bureau of Science, Manila 14°34'39.1"N accessible in far-flung areas in the 120°59'09.5"E country. "Present day part of UP Manila in Ermita." RA 8439 or the Magna Carta for Scientist, Engineers, Researchers, —-----President Administration—----- and other Science and Technology Marcos Regime Persons in the Government was The Department of Education and mandated. Culture was mandated to promote RA 8293 or the Intellectual Property science courses in public high Code of the Philippines was schools. mandated. A 35-ha lot in Taguig was proclaimed in 1968 as Philippine Science Estrada Administration Community (now DOST site). RA 8749 or the Clean Air Act of 1999 Philippine Coconut Research and RA 8792 or the Electronic Institute was tasked to modernize the Commerce Act of 2000 were signed. coconut industry. His term was short-lived because he Several agencies and organizations was ousted by the masses (see Second were established during his time EDSA Revolution). He was found until he was ousted in 1986. guilty of plunder. Cory Aquino Administration Arroyo Administration The National Academy of Science and Filipinnovation was coined to refer to Technology was renamed to the the Philippines as the innovation hub Department of Science and in the Philippines. Technology. RA 9367 or Biofuels Act was promulgated but was not able to have  a positive outcome since the country Importance Of School Science Education - lacked technology to source raw Science is useful because of its links to materials. technology and industry, which, from a RA 10601 or Agriculture and national perspective, are areas of high Fisheries Mechanization was passed priority for development. Science provides to modernize the sector’s machinery. ways of making sense of the world systematically. It develops students’ Benigno Aquino Administration scientific inquiry skills, values and attitudes, RA 10844 or the Department of such as objectivity, curiosity, and honesty Information and Communication and habits of mind including critical Technology was passed. thinking. Industrialization via the semiconductor industry was sped up. Challenges Of Science Education - Studies The DOST budget was doubled to reveal that Filipino students have low support local innovations and to retention of concepts, have limited reasoning accelerate economic growth. and analytical skills, and poor communication skills. In addition, a large DUTERTE ADMINISTRATION percentage of Grade 6 and fourth year RA 11363 or Philippine Space Act was students in selected schools cannot apply signed. concepts to real-life problem solving Sadly, the DOST budget for research situations nor design an investigation to (2020) was cut by Php 76 million. solve a problem (UP NISMED, 2005). —------------------------------------------ Many educators and graduate student Science Curriculum Framework for Basic researchers have identified several factors Education behind the low performance in science of —------------------------------------------ Filipino students. These are: quality of OVERVIEW teachers, the teaching-learning process, the Science is important to everyone. school curriculum, instructional materials, School science education should and administrative support (DOST-SEI, support the development of scientific 2006). literacy in all students as well as motivate them to pursue careers in science, technology, and engineering. —------------------------------------------ Philippines’ Grades 1-10 Science Science Is Both Content And Process - Curriculum Science content and science processes are —------------------------------------------ intertwined. The value of science processes is Envisions the development of scientifically, to advance content or the body of knowledge. technologically, and environmentally literate Without content, students will have and productive members of society. They difficulty utilizing the science process skills. must possess effective communication and Science processes cannot exist in a vacuum. interpersonal and lifelong learning skills as They are learned in context. well as scientific values and attitudes. These skills will be acquired through a curriculum School science should emphasize depth that focuses on knowledge relevant to the rather breadth, coherence rather than real world and encompasses methods of fragmentation, and use of evidence in inquiry. These will be implemented in a constructing explanation. learning environment that promotes the construction of ideas and instills respect for School science should be relevant and others. useful. - To be relevant and useful, the teaching of science should be organized For Whom Is The Framework around situations, problems or projects that The science curriculum framework is a engage the students both as an individual resource for curriculum developers, faculty and a member of a team. of teacher education institutions, teachers, school administrators, and policy makers to School science should nurture interest in design, implement, and assess the content of learning. - Students are generally interested the science curricula. in problems that puzzle them. They have a natural urge to find solutions. Organizing —------Guiding Principles—------ the curriculum around problems or Science is for everyone - This principle phenomena that puzzle students helps recognizes the proactive relationship motivate them to learn. Rather than relying between science and society. This means solely on textbooks, teachers are encouraged putting science into the service of to use hands-on learning activities to individuals and society. Science education develop students’ interest and let them should aim for scientific literacy that is become active learners. operational in understanding oneself, common human welfare, social, and civic affairs. School science should demonstrate a —----------K-12 Program—---------- commitment to the development of a What is K to 12? - K to 12 (also K-12) is an culture of science. - A culture of science is education system under the Department of characterized by excellence, integrity, hard Education that aims to enhance learners’ work, and discipline. basic skills, produce more competent citizens, and prepare graduates for lifelong School science should promote the strong learning and employment. “K” stands for link between science and technology, Kindergarten and “12” refers to the including indigenous technology. succeeding 12 years of basic education (6 years of elementary education, 4 years of School science should recognize that science junior high school, and 2 years of senior high and technology reflect, influence, and shape school). our culture. - The science curriculum should recognize the place of science and ADVANTAGE - The K-12 curriculum has technology in everyday human affairs. It many advantages for every Filipino student. should integrate science and technology in One of these is enhancing our minds and the civic, personal, social, economic, and the skills, it may help us to decide what will be values and ethical aspects of life. the course that we want and this may lead us to a successful life. Preparedness in stepping into tertiary learning is also an advantage, What is in the Framework? - This the students will be more equipped to deal Framework is organized around three with a much higher level of mastering as interlocking components namely: (1) inquiry they step in college. Another advantage of skills, (2) scientific attitudes, and (3) content the K-12 curriculum is being ready to join the and connections. Being interrelated, these workforce, the Senior High School graduates components are woven together in order to will be trained that will make them support the holistic development of a commensible at certain tracks. scientifically literate individual. The Framework sets out what all students should know, understand, value, and be able to do from Grade 1 to Grade 10. The Technical Working Group deems it best to use Grades 1-10 (G1-10) instead of Grades 1-Year 4 to emphasize that there is no break in the continuum of the curriculum from elementary school to high school. DISADVANTAGE - Many parents disagreed with this new system of education because they have to disburse more money for the education of their children. Also the government does not have the funds to pay for two more years of free education because they need to solve the lack of classrooms, furniture and equipment and free textbooks. The drop-out rate will increase because of the two added years. It is because of a lack of money to fund their childrens to send them to school.