BIOL 312 Lecture 9: Ctenophora & Introduction to Bilateria PDF

### **BIOL 312 Lecture 9: Ctenophora & Introduction to Bilateria** #### **Phylum Ctenophora ("Comb Bearer")** - - - - - - - #### **Anatomical Features** - - - - - - #### **Nutrition** - - - - - #### **Reproduction** - - - #### **Invasive Species...

### **BIOL 312 Lecture 9: Ctenophora & Introduction to Bilateria** #### **Phylum Ctenophora ("Comb Bearer")** - - - - - - - #### **Anatomical Features** - - - - - - #### **Nutrition** - - - - - #### **Reproduction** - - - #### **Invasive Species Example** - - ### **BIOL 312: Introduction to Bilateria** #### **Eumetazoa** - - - - - - - - - - - - - #### **Morphology-Based Phylogeny** - - - - ### **Characteristics of Bilateria** - - #### **Nervous System** - - - ### **Body Organization** 1. - 2. - - - - - 3. - - - ### **Functions of Body Organization** - - - - ### **BIOL 312: Introduction to Bilateria** #### **Circulatory Systems (Fluid-Transport Systems)** - - - - - - - - - - - #### **Blood-Vascular (Hemal) System** - - ### **Excretory Organ Types** - - - - - - - - - #### **Metanephridial System** 1. 2. 3. #### **Protonephridial System** - - ### **Digestive System** - - - - ### **Embryology** - - - ### **Germ Layer Formation** - - - - - #### **Modes of Mesoderm Formation** 1. 2. ### **Fate of the Blastopore** - - ### **Germ Layer Derivatives** - - - ### **Introduction to Bilateria** #### **Bilateral Cleavage** - - - - - #### **Three Germ Layers** - - - - ### **Major Modes of Mesoderm Formation** 1. - - - 2. - - - - ### **Fate of the Blastopore** - - ### **Germ Layer Derivatives** - - - ### **P-Xenacoelomorpha** #### **Overview** - - - - ### **Key Taxa** 1. 2. ### **Molecular and Morphological Characteristics** - - - ### **Locomotion** - - ### **Nutrition and Digestion** - - ### **Nervous System** - - - ### **Excretion** - ### **Reproduction** - - - - - ### **Deuterostome Characteristics** #### **General Features** - - - - #### **Mesoderm Formation** - ### **Phylum Hemichordata ("Half Notochord")** #### **General Characteristics** - - - - - - - - - - - ### **Class Enteropneusta ("Intestine Breathers")** - - - - - - ### **Body Structure** - - - - ### **Coelomic Organization** - - - - - ### **Musculature and Body Wall** - - - - - - - ### **Circulatory System** - - - ### **Excretory System** - - - - 1. 2. 3. 4. ### **Nervous System in Hemichordata (Class Enteropneusta)** - - - - - ### **Nutrition** - - - - - - - - ### **Reproductive Strategies** - - - - - - - - - ### **Class Pterobranchia ("Wing Gill")** - - - - - - - - ### **Vascular and Excretory Systems** - - - - ### **Phylum Echinodermata ("Spiny Skin")** #### **Basic Characteristics** - - - - - #### **Coelomic Organization** - - - - - - - - - #### **Larval Organization** - - - #### **Metamorphosis** - - - - ### **Phylum Echinodermata: Overview** #### **Body Structure** - - - - #### **Coelomic Organization** - - ### **Water Vascular System (WVS)** - - - - - - - - - ### **Nervous System** - - - - ### **Nutrition and Feeding** - - - - ### **Reproduction** - - - - ### **Key Classes** - - - ### **Class Asteroidea (Sea Stars)** - - - - - - - - ### **Class Echinoidea (Sea Urchins, Sand Dollars, Sea Biscuits)** - - - - - - - - - ### **Class Holothuroidea (Sea Cucumbers)** - - - - - - - - - - - ### **Ecological Roles and Adaptations** - - ### **Deuterostomia: Chordata - Tunicata (Urochordata)** **General Characteristics**: - - - - **Classes within Tunicata**: 1. - - ### **Feeding Mechanism** 1. - - 2. - - 3. - ### **Anatomy and Physiology** - - - - - - - - ### **Ecological and Medical Importance** - - - ### **Additional Notes** - -