Module 1 - Measurement of Horizontal Distance PDF

MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCE Engineering Surveying Robert Lucena byJRPLUCENA  LECTURE OUTCOMES 1. Measure horizontal distances using pace factor and measuring tapes 2. Measure horizonta...

MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCE Engineering Surveying Robert Lucena byJRPLUCENA  LECTURE OUTCOMES 1. Measure horizontal distances using pace factor and measuring tapes 2. Measure horizontal distances using surveying instruments MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  What we will do 1. Discussion I will discuss concepts, theories, information, etc. related to the topic to 2.attain Open objectives Forum and1Student to 2 Evaluation Let’s see how much you learn and what are your ideas to share with others 3. Problem Solving Let’s apply what we learn! MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  What we will do 2. Open Forum and Student Evaluation Let’s see how much you learn and what are your ideas to share with others 3. Problem Solving Let’s apply what we learn! 4. Lecturer Evaluation Answer the evaluation form so I can improve my lecture MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  Inside our toolbox Calculators Notes and References pen MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Methods in Reading Length Measurements pace factor and measuring tapes 1. Pacing 2. Odometer Readings 3. Optical rangefinders 4. Tacheometry (Stadia) 5. Taping 6. Electronic Distance Measurement 7. Satellite MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Obtaining Pace Factor pace factor and measuring tapes 1. Set up a 100-meter segment 2. Start pacing the 100-meter segment starting from your heel. Count the steps until the heel of your last stepping foot reaches the end of the segment. Pace Factor MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Measurement using tape pace factor and measuring tapes 1. Using range poles, mark both ends of a line. 2. Forward person carries the zero- mark of the tape while the rear person holds the tape. 3. When the tape has been lined, the forward will mark the point and call “stick”. The rear person will mark the other end all call “stuck” MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Incorrect Length of Tape pace factor and measuring tapes Correction to be Applied, : Where is the actual length of tape is the nominal tape length is the recorded length of line MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Incorrect Length of Tape pace factor and measuring tapes Steel tapes are standardized at 20°C Correction due to change in temperature, : Where temperature when tape was standardized, 20°C observed temperature during actual measurement is the recorded length of line MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Incorrect Length of Tape pace factor and measuring tapes Correction due to inconsistent pull: Where standard pull on tape, 110 N observed pull on tape is the recorded length of line cross-sectional area of tape modulus of elasticity of tape, 200 MPa MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Incorrect Length of Tape pace factor and measuring tapes Correction due to sag: Where unsupported length of tape weight of tape per unit length amount of pull on tape MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  Correction due to incorrect length, 1 EARNING EXERCISES A 30-meter steel tape is standardized at 20°C and supported throughout under a tension of 5.45 kg was found to be 30.012 m long. The tape had a cross-sectional area of 0.50 and a weight of 0.03967 kg/m. This tape was held horizontal, supported at the ends only, with a constant tension of 9.09 kg, to measure a line from A to B in three segments. Obtain the correct length of the line MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  Correction due to change in temperature: 1 EARNING EXERCISES A 30-meter steel tape is standardized at 20°C and supported throughout under a tension of 5.45 kg was found to be 30.012 m long. The tape had a cross-sectional area of 0.50 and a weight of 0.03967 kg/m. This tape was held horizontal, supported at the ends only, with a constant tension of 9.09 kg, to measure a line from A to B in three segments. Obtain the correct length of the line MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  Correction due to inconsistent pull: 1 EARNING EXERCISES A 30-meter steel tape is standardized at 20°C and supported throughout under a tension of 5.45 kg was found to be 30.012 m long. The tape had a cross-sectional area of 0.50 and a weight of 0.03967 kg/m. This tape was held horizontal, supported at the ends only, with a constant tension of 9.09 kg, to measure a line from A to B in three segments. Obtain the correct length of the line MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  Correction due to sag: 1 EARNING EXERCISES A 30-meter steel tape is standardized at 20°C and supported throughout under a tension of 5.45 kg was found to be 30.012 m long. The tape had a cross-sectional area of 0.50 and a weight of 0.03967 kg/m. This tape was held horizontal, supported at the ends only, with a constant tension of 9.09 kg, to measure a line from A to B in three segments. Obtain the correct length of the line MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  The corrected distance is obtained by adding all the 1 EARNING EXERCISES corrections: A 30-meter steel tape is standardized at 20°C and supported throughout under a tension of 5.45 kg was found to be 30.012 m long. The tape had a cross-sectional area of 0.50 and a weight of 0.03967 kg/m. This tape was held horizontal, supported at the ends only, with a constant tension of 9.09 kg, to measure a line from A to B in three segments. Obtain the correct length of the line MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  LEARNING ASSESSMENT Fieldwork no. 1 – Measuring Distance Using Pace Factor MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Surveying Tool and Equipment pace factor and measuring tapes Levelling Rod -used for measuring elevation and for establishing point on a ground during measurement MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Surveying Tool and Equipment pace factor and measuring tapes Theodolite/ Transit -an electronic/ manual device with telescope and compass used to measure and layout points and elevations on the ground MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Surveying Tool and Equipment pace factor and measuring tapes Tripod -used for mounting the theodolite/ transit/ total station MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Measuring Distance using Tacheometry pace factor and measuring tapes Obtaining horizontal distance using transit: Where OC is the horizontal distance from the instrument (at O) to the point where the rod is held (at C) MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Measuring Distance using Tacheometry pace factor and measuring tapes By trigonometry: Let D be the distance between two points, replacing OC with D: MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Measuring Distance using Tacheometry pace factor and measuring tapes Taking the equation: MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Measuring Distance using Tacheometry pace factor and measuring tapes Rewriting the equation: is the stadia interval factor usually taken as 100 MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Measure horizontal distances using Measuring Distance using Tacheometry pace factor and measuring tapes is the instrument constant MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  LEARNING ASSESSMENT Fieldwork no. 2 – Measuring Distance by Tacheometry MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCES  1. Locate the centroid of a cross-section CROSS SECTION PROPERTIES: CENTROID AND INERTIA Engineering Lectures Scan QR  THANK YOU Time for open forum and evaluation Scan i d Subject: QR S tati c s of Ri g Bodies on ros s S e ct i Lecture: C and C e n tro id Properties: Inertia CROSS SECTION PROPERTIES: CENTROID AND INERTIA