Module 1 Lec 2 PDF - Prefixes in Medical Terminology

2. Introduction to the Prefixes PCT Program Module 1: (2nd Lecture) Batch 12 (2024-2025) Introduction to the Prefixes Objectives: ⮚By the end of this session the trainees will be able to: 1. List out the types of prefixes used in the medical terms and related to diseases....

2. Introduction to the Prefixes PCT Program Module 1: (2nd Lecture) Batch 12 (2024-2025) Introduction to the Prefixes Objectives: ⮚By the end of this session the trainees will be able to: 1. List out the types of prefixes used in the medical terms and related to diseases. 2. Describe the negative, directional, quantity, numbers, colors, time and general prefixes for various medical terms. 3. Analyze, spell, and pronounce the prefixes that are related to diseases and conditions for various medical terms. 4. Memorize the Latin and English meaning of the prefixes commonly used in medical terms.  Prefix ⮚A prefix is a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a word (ROOT) forms the head or first part of the medical term. ⮚A prefix is a word added before a root word to provide additional information about the time involved, location of an organ, or number of parts.  Prefix Types 1. Negative association. 2. Position or Direction. 3. Quantity of Measurement. 4. Numerical Prefixes 5. Time Indicators. 6. General Prefixes. Negative Association Position or Direction Position or Direction Quantity of Measurement Numerical Prefixes Numerical Prefixes Numerical Prefixes  Colors Prefixes ⮚In healthcare colors are utilized to assist in describing health or medical conditions of the body. ⮚ Colors are also used to describe changes in the skin, tissue and organs of the body. ⮚Most used colors are listed below. Colors Prefixes  Colors Prefixes ⮚ Albino: An albino is someone who is born with an absence of skin and hair pigmentation. ⮚ Chlorophyll: is a green substance in plants which enables them to use the energy from sunlight in order to grow. Colors Prefixes Colors Prefixes  Colors Prefixes ⮚Cyanosis: is a pathologic condition that is characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin. ⮚ Erythrocyte: A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood. Erythrocytes contain a protein called hemoglobin, which carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body. ⮚ Leukoderma: is a clinical sign describing a localised area of white depigmented skin due to total loss of epidermal melanin.  Colors Prefixes ⮚Melanocyte: is a highly differentiated cell that produces a pigment melanin inside melanosomes. ⮚ Xanthoma: is a skin condition in which certain fats build up under the surface of the skin. They can also develop on internal organs. Time Indicators General Prefixes The Prefixes (Diseases and Conditions)  Prefix (a-, an) a-, an-: No, Not, Without. Sleep apnea: A common condition in which your breathing stops and restarts many times while you sleep. This can prevent your body from getting enough oxygen. The suffix (pnea-) refers to breath, respiration.  Prefix (a-, an) Atrophy: A decrease in size of a body part, cell, organ, or other tissue. Muscle atrophy: The wasting (thinning) or loss of muscle tissue.  Prefix (a-, an) ⮚Anemia: A condition in which there is a lower than normal amount of RBCs or a decrease in hemoglobin within the cells. which results in reduced O2 to cells in the body. ▪ The suffix (emia-) refers to blood condition.  Prefix (dia-) ⮚ Dia-: Across, Through. ⮚Dialysis: A procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys stop working properly. ▪ The suffix (-lysis) refers to decomposition, breaking down.  Prefix (meta-) ❑ Meta-: Change, Beyond. ⮚ Metastasis: A cancer that has spread from the part of the body where it started (the primary site) to other parts of the body.  Prefix (Dys-) Dys-: Painful, Bad, Difficult. ⮚ Dysuria: A painful or uncomfortable urination, typically a sharp, burning sensation. ▪ Urinary tract infections are commonly associated with dysuria.  Prefix (dis-) Dis-: Remove. ⮚ Disinfection: The process of using a disinfectant to destroy, inactivate, or significantly reduce the concentration of pathogenic agents (such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi).  Prefix (para-) ❑ para-: Besides, Near, Along the side of. ⮚ Parathyroid glands: Four endocrine glands behind the thyroid gland. These glands maintain the normal level of calcium in the blood and bones. Question 1 Question 2 Group Discussion and Assignments Thank You