Module 1_ ESSENTIAL SKILLS FOR READING COMPREHENSION PDF

Module 1: ESSENTIAL SKILLS FOR READING COMPREHENSION 1. DECODING - involve sound, relies on connecting individual sounds to letters 2. FLUENCY - speeds up the rate 3. VOCABULARY - ability to understand what you are reading 4. COHERENT DEVICES: A.REPETITION OF KEY TERMS- look for important words or...

Module 1: ESSENTIAL SKILLS FOR READING COMPREHENSION 1. DECODING - involve sound, relies on connecting individual sounds to letters 2. FLUENCY - speeds up the rate 3. VOCABULARY - ability to understand what you are reading 4. COHERENT DEVICES: A.REPETITION OF KEY TERMS- look for important words or phrases that are repeated B.SYNONYMS- have the same meaning C.PRONOUNS- refer to people in place of their name (this,that,they,them) D.TRANSITIONAL WORDS- joins word together (however, but, therefore) E SENTENCE PATTERN- keep ideas tied together 5. REASONING AND BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE - helps readers draw inference A. INFERENCE- guessing what happened next 6. WORKING MEMORY AND ATTENTION- Attention allows information tobe taken Working helps to learning new information Module 2: Example of textual aids,advance organizers and non linear illustration 1. CONCEPT MAP- a general organizer that shows a central idea 2.FLOW CHART OR SEQUENCE CHART- shows a series of step or event 3.COMPARE/CONTRAST OR VENN DIAGRAM- use to identify similarities and differences 4.CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAM- highlights the direct relationship between different events 5.GRAPHS (pie,line,bar)- shows designed to show differences between 2 separate subject 6. MAIN IDEA AND DETAILS CHART- illustrate hierarchical relationship between major ideas 7. TIME LINE- explain what happened during a certain period of time Module 3: COQUETTISH - flirtatious, provocative, seductive IMPORTANTS ELEMENTS OF A STORY -PLOT -SETTING - CHARACTERIZATION l.PLOT- sequence of event that make up a story 5 ELEMENTS OF PLOT 1. EXPOSITION- at the beginning of the story 2.RISING ACTION- the main character as in crisis leading up to facing conflicts 3.CLIMAX- exciting part the main character faces major problem 4.FALLING ACTION- the story begins to slow down 5.RESOLUTION- also know as DENOUEMENT the resolution ll. SETTING- is a time and place lll. CHARACTERIZATION - process authors use to develop characters and create images 2 DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO CHARACTERIZATION 1. DIRECT CHARACTERIZATIONS- the author tells us what he or she wants us to tell 2. INDIRECT CHARACTERIZATIONS- the author shows a thing about the character 5 METHODS OF CHARACTERIZATION PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION- physical appearance is describe ACTION / ATTITUDE / BEHAVIOR- what the character tell us a lot about him or her INNER THOUGHTS- what the character thinks reveal thinks about the character REACTION- what other character say or feel SPEECH- what the character says provides a great deal of insight Direct indirect 1 Physical descriptions 3 inner thoughts 2 action 2 Action attitude behavior 4 reaction 5 Speech Module 4 COMPARE- similarities and differences CONTRAST- differences COMPARISON AND CONTRAST Two terms use when looking for similarities and differences COMPARE- means examining the qualities with a view to discover resemblance or differences CONTRAST- expresses intention of differentiating 2 objects or more MODULE 5 ANALYTICAL LISTENING- to understand the root cause of the problem - to assess what we are hearing ADVERB OF AFFIRMATION- (positive adverb) -used in aa sentence to affirm it as true - can also use in aagreeimg to arguments EXAMPLE: ( exactly ,certainly, absolutely , yes) ADVERB OF NEGATION (make a verb negative) -tells that the action will not happened EXAMPLE: ( not,never,contradictorily,scarcely,barely,hardly,nowhere,rarely) Analytical Listening- is the ability and the capacity to properly analyze what is being said. ANALYTIC OR CRITICAL- review a short story is not a primarily a summary -it comments and evaluate the work. l. INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH FOR THE SHORT STORY HAS 3 MAJOR ELEMENTS -backround -opinion -thesis BACKROUND- include all the relevant information (who,where,what,why) THESIS- include the subject and opinion. THE DEVELOPMENT PARAGRAPH -can vary in length and in number ll. CHARACTERIZATION 1. CENTRAL CHARACTER- tells if the central character is clearly define 2. OTHER CHARACTER- tell if they are easily definable. 3. DIALOGUE- tell if the sounds are authentic 4. SETTING- tells if it seems tobe the right place 5. CONFLICTS- tell if the conflict in tge story are authentic or artificial 6. SUSPENSE VALUE- tells if you go reading it you are able to guess whats going to happen next 7. ENDING- tell something about the ending 8. STRUCTURE- how is the plot developed 9. PLOT- tell if the story is original or if the sound are authentic lll. THE CLOSING PARAGRAPH giving general impression