PAWS ON ACTION: Adapting Cat Ability in Car Crash PDF

PAWS ON ACTION: ADAPTING THE ABILITY OF CATS IN CAR’S LANDING AFTER CRASH USING POLYA’S PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD Members: Dagoy, JayMark J. Garcia, John Carlo Soriano, Jewel G. Tolentino, Jeam Paul A. USING POLYA’S PROBLEM SOLVING M...

PAWS ON ACTION: ADAPTING THE ABILITY OF CATS IN CAR’S LANDING AFTER CRASH USING POLYA’S PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD Members: Dagoy, JayMark J. Garcia, John Carlo Soriano, Jewel G. Tolentino, Jeam Paul A. USING POLYA’S PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD UNDERSTANDING THE PROBLEM: CAR ACCIDENTS OVERVIEW The most frequent accidents happen on roads which involve cars. According to the Department of Health, traffic accidents rank higher than other fatal illnesses like dengue as the primary cause of deaths for children. In reality, traffic accidents claim the lives of almost two youngsters every day in Metro Manila alone. According to the Metro Manila Accident Reporting and Analysis System's report on car accidents in the Philippines, 394 people—adults and children alike—have died as a result of traffic-related incidents in the Metro. Fortunately, this is just barely less than the 2017 data. In everything else, 14,553 people have been killed and injured in traffic accidents that involve drivers, pedestrians, and passengers. Which means we get 40 people a day on average. In addition, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 1.35 million people died in traffic accidents in 2018. It corroborates Philippine statistics, 12,000 Filipinos lose their lives while traveling every year. It becomes alarming because from 63,072 events in 2007 to 116,906 in 2018, the number of car crashes has been steadily increasing. Due to the high number of road accidents, government and non-government organizations in the Philippines are dedicated to figuring out how to reduce, if not completely eliminate, the large number of traffic accidents that occur not just in the Philippines but also globally. Cats have a remarkable ability to land on their feet because of their flexible bodies, acute sense of balance, and a special response called the "righting reflex." The righting reflex is the cat's natural ability to twist its body in midair to guarantee that it lands on its feet after falling. Almost immediately after the fall starts, this reflex takes over. In addition, cats also have this sharp sense of balance in which cats' inner ears contain a highly developed vestibular system that aids in their ability to maintain spatial orientation and balance. Cats are exceptionally skilled at landing on their feet, even from considerable heights.With this, we are aiming to design cat-like skills for cars to avoid the impact when it crashes to other cars. More so, when the car hits and it spins uncontrollably it will land not tilted just like a cat. DEVISE A PLAN It is essential to approach each element of the plan with a clear strategy in mind. Start by carefully adhering to the stages specified in the developed plan, making sure that every activity is carried out precisely and accurately. Every attempt should be documented in a clear and orderly manner in order to monitor progress and identify any areas that might need modification. It's critical to maintain an open mind and flexibility as the process progresses. Early detection of the possibility that some initial methods won't produce the desired results enables prompt adjustments or the creation of new strategies. Finding the best solution frequently requires trial and error, so patience and perseverance are essential. In addition, working methodically and meticulously also guarantees that no details are missed. The success of the solution as a whole is influenced by reevaluating and improving the plan as necessary. If appropriate, working together with others might yield new viewpoints and insights that were first overlooked. The ultimate objective is to stay focused on the intended result while being ready to adjust when difficulties occur. You can raise the possibility of coming up with a creative and original solution to the current issue by striking a balance between meticulous execution and imagination and fortitude. With that being said, here's how we plan to create it. 1. With enough mass and inertia to store energy for reorientation, engineers can build and include the flywheel into the vehicle's control system. 2. To prevent wobbling while rotating, make sure the axle is sturdy and well aligned. 3. For accurate functioning, integrate the motor with electronic controls. 4. To facilitate rotation, install bearings at the axle's two ends. 5. Make that the brackets maintain the flywheel's stability and alignment. 6. Make sure that the motor has enough energy from the power supply. 7. For accurate reorientation, integrate the gyroscope with the control system. 8. Create and incorporate the control system to process gyroscope signals and modify the motor as necessary. 9. Make sure the chassis is centered beneath the vehicle and built to support the flywheel's weight equally.  CARRY OUT THE PLAN 1. THE FLYWHEEL Goal: The fundamental element in charge of producing angular momentum. IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES:: A heavy, round disk that spins quickly. The mass and inertia should be enough to store energy for the reorientation. MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR PROTOTYPE: Lightweight material for visualization, such as cardboard. MATERIAL TO BE USE IN REAL DESIGN:: Steel, aluminum, or composite material for superior strength and durability are the materials used in the real design. 2. THE AXLE (SHAFT) PURPOSE: Connects the flywheel to the motor and allows it to spin. IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES: Must be strong and well-aligned to avoid wobbling during rotation. MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR PROTOTYPE: Rolled cardboard tube or dowel. MATERIAL TO BE USE IN REAL DESIGN: Steel or alloy for strength and durability. 3. MOTOR PURPOSE: Provides the power needed to spin the flywheel. IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES: High-torque electric motor capable of maintaining the flywheel’s high speed. Controlled electronically for precise operation. MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR PROTOTYPE: Represented by a rectangular cardboard box. MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR REAL DESIGN: Brushless DC motor or similar. 4. BEARINGS PURPOSE: Reduce friction and ensure smooth spinning of the flywheel and axle. IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES: Placed at both ends of the axle to support rotation. MATERIAL TO BE USED FOR PROTOTYPE: Placeholder cardboard pieces or omitted for simplicity. MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR REAL DESIGN:: Steel or ceramic ball bearings. 5. MOUNTING BRACKETS PURPOSE: Securely hold the flywheel and axle assembly to the car’s chassis. IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES: L-shaped supports or clamps that keep the flywheel aligned and stable. MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR PROTOTYPE: Cardboard strips bent into L-shapes. Material MATERIAL TO BE USE IN REAL DESIGN: Metal or reinforced plastic. 6. SOURCE OF POWER PURPOSE: Its function is to supply the motor with electricity. IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES Supercapacitors or batteries are usually used in actual systems. MATERIAL TO BE USED IN PROTOTYPE: Shown as a tiny cardboard tube or box. MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR REAL DESIGN: Lithium-ion batteries or comparable. 7. SENSOR FOY GYROSCOPE PURPOSE: Its function is to sense the orientation of the vehicle and activate the flywheel to spin or change its motion. IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES: transmits information for accurate reorientation to a control system. MATERIAL lTO BE USE FOR PROTOTYPE A cardboard placeholder with the label "Gyroscope." MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR REAL DESIGN: MEM’S gyroscope 8. CONTROL SYSTEM PURPOSE Designed to coordinate motor operation and flywheel spin based on sensor input; IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES includes a microcontroller to process signals from the gyroscope and adjust the motor accordingly; MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR PROTOTYPE: A small piece of cardboard labeled "Control System." MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR REAL DESIGN: An Arduino or custom circuit board  9. CHASSIS INTEGRATION PURPOSE: The platform or base where the flywheel system is mounted; positioned centrally beneath the car; IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTES: Distribute the weight of the flywheel evenly MATERIAL TO BE USE PROTOTYPE: A flat cardboard base; Material MATERIAL TO BE USE FOR REAL DESIGN Steel or aluminum as part of the car's frame SOLVING AREA: Rotational Force: In the case of objects with a high degree of rotational inertia (like a wheel or a specially designed object with rotating elements), applying an initial rotational force can cause the object to flip and land upright. This method is commonly seen in some self-balancing robots. To model how rotational force helps something land on its feet, we can use the physics of angular momentum and torque. Here's a basic breakdown: 1. Angular Momentum (L): L=I×W Angular momentum is key to maintaining stability during rotation. It is given by: Where: L= Angular momentum (kg-m³/s) I = Moment of inertia (depends on the shape of the object: unit: kg-m²) W= Angular velocity (rad/s) The higher the angular momentum, the more stable the rotation. 2. Moment of Inertia (1): The moment of inertia depends on the shape of the object and its mass distribution. For example: For a solid sphere: I=2/5MR^2 For a solid disk (rotating about its center): I =1/2 MR^2 Where: M=Mass of the object (kg) R=Radius of the object (m) A “normal Honda” typically weighs around 1,200-1,500 kg and has approximate dimensions of: Height (h): -1.4 m Width (w):-1.7 m We’ll use these values as estimates unless a value is provided, we can calculate the moment of inertia (1) and the angular momentum (L) needed. Step 1: Moment of Inertia (I) For a car modeled as a rectangular solid rotating about its side, the formula for I is: I=1/2M(h²+w²) Substituting the values: M=1,400 kg (average mass) H = 1.4m W1.7 m I=1/2(1,400)-(1.4^2+1.7^2) Step 2: Angular Velocity (w) We need to define how fast the stabilizing system spins. A typical flywheel in such systems spins at around 10-50 rad/s (higher speeds increase stability). Step 3: Angular Momentum (L) Once we compute I. we calculate: L=I×W Where we can range from 10-50 rad/s, depending on your system. Calculations: 1. Moment of Inertia (I): I = 565.83kg m² 2. Angular Momentum (L): For various angular velocities (W):  At w = 10 rad/s, L 5,658.33 kg. m²/s At w = 20 rad/s, L = 11, 316.67 kgm²/s At w = 30 rad/s, L = 16,975 kg. m²/s At w = 40 rad/s, L = 22, 633.33 kg. m²/s At w = 50 rad/s, L = 28, 291.67 kgm²/s CONCLUSION As angular velocity increases, so does angular momentum, which enhances the stability of a rotating object by making it more resistant to external forces that could destabilize its motion. This principle is critical in applications like self-balancing robots or mechanisms that help objects land upright after flipping. By adjusting the rotational force through angular velocity, objects can flip and use their angular momentum to stabilize their orientation, making it easier to land on their feet. Ultimately, the relationship between moment of inertia, angular velocity, and angular momentum is key to ensuring an object maintains stability during rotation and lands in the desired position. REVIEW THE SOLUTION In our exploration inspired by a cat's righting reflex, we have investigated how to modify a car's capacity to land precisely after a collision and have created a thorough plan utilizing Polya's approach to problem-solving. This is a synopsis of our methodology: Recognize the issue: Goal: Using the ability of cats to land on their feet as inspiration, create a mechanism that will allow cars to land securely following an accident. The flywheel, axle, motor, mounting brackets, bearings, power source, gyroscope sensor, control system, and chassis integration are important parts. Strategy: Build a system with a motor to turn the flywheel, sensors to sense orientation, a control system to regulate the parts, and a flywheel to measure angular momentum. Execute the Plan: Flywheel: Made of steel or aluminum, this component is incorporated and designed. Axle: Made of sturdy materials like steel, it is attached to the motor. Motor: Electronically controlled high-torque motor. Bearings: They guarantee smooth spinning and lower friction. Mounting Brackets: Hold the axle and flywheel assembly firmly. The power source is a lithium-ion battery or something comparable. The gyroscope sensor senses direction and initiates corrections. Control System: Organizes flywheel rotation and motor activity. Chassis Integration: Guarantees central placement and uniform weight distribution. Examine the solution: Effectiveness: We should determine whether the system is able to correctly reorient the vehicle in the event of an accident and guarantee a safe landing. Performance: To make sure the parts function as a unit, test them both separately and collectively. Safety: To make sure the system doesn't pose any additional dangers, evaluate its safety in a variety of accident situations. Durability: Examine the components' and materials' capacity to withstand normal wear and tear. Modifications: To enhance performance and dependability, make the required modifications in light of test results. By taking these actions, we have created a strong and creative solution that improves vehicle safety by fusing cutting-edge design and technology. This method may not be solid as other methodology but it can make an impact to create and start a new discoveries that will benefit humankind.