MIS Prelims Reviewer PDF

MIS PRELIMS REVIEWER DATA – Number, statement, etc. representing specific data. INFORMATION – Collection of data.  CHARACTERISTICS OF INFORMATION:  Timeliness – info must be up to date.  Appropriateness – info must be relevant.  Accuracy – info must be correct/precise....

MIS PRELIMS REVIEWER DATA – Number, statement, etc. representing specific data. INFORMATION – Collection of data.  CHARACTERISTICS OF INFORMATION:  Timeliness – info must be up to date.  Appropriateness – info must be relevant.  Accuracy – info must be correct/precise.  Conciseness – minimal detail but relevant.  Understandability – format of info is important.  Completeness – incomplete info leads to bad decisions.  SYSTEM CONCEPTS:  System – interrelated components working together.  Input – info users add in the system.  Output – info processed and displayed.  System Boundaries – scope of activities.  Subsystems – every system is consisted of subsystems, uses resources to meet objectives.  Subsystem Interface – connection of each system/subsystem.  System Environment – receives data from the system.  System Feedback – needs feedback to process accurately.  TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM:  Information Systems – collects info, data, process to display (support decision making).  Transaction Processing System – widely used information system, records data collected within organization.  Supply Chain Management – sequence of activities (marketing, manufacturing, etc.).  Customer Relationship Management System – manages relationship of organization to customer.  Business Intelligence Systems – used to compete better with other organizations.  Decision Support System – answers “What if?”  Expert Support System – uses AI to preserve knowledge.  SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE – STAGES AND ACTIVITIES: 1. Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) – also called waterfall development, welldefined phases followed.  2. Systems Analysis – first stage in system life cycle, analyzing data, identify problems. 3. System Design – how system will fulfill objectives. 4. Programming – specifications turned into code/program. 5. Testing – most respected in system development, includes attempts to get system to fail. 6. Implementation – referred to as delivery, consists of conversion and training. 7. Production and Maintenance – reviewed by users and tech specialists.  DIFFERENT APPROACHES IN SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT:  AdHoc Development – relies on skills and experience of individual staff.  Waterfall Model – most common and earliest structured system development.  Prototyping – builds a simplified version of proposed system.  Spiral Model – designed to include best features in prototyping and waterfall.  Agile development – focuses on fast delivery. Dividing a large project. MANAGING DATA RESOURCES: DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS) – allows to collect and manage data efficiently.  ORGANIZING DATA:  Sequential File Organization – processing same info.  Direct/Random File Organization – used with magnetic disks.  Index Sequential Access Method – records are stored using primary keys.  Direct File Access Method – also uses primary key with mathematical calculations. ROLE OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING: ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP):  Integrates business processes in manufacturing.  The field is dominated by large and expensive software packages.  Handles all financial accounting systems.  Emphasizes purchasing, human resource management, investment management.  Uses database, processes, and rules.   Primary strength is handling data for large companies. INFORMATION SYSTEMS, ORGANIZATIONS, AND BUSINESS PROCESSES:  Organization – a stable, formal social structure.  Data – input that system takes to produce info.  Hardware – computers, peripherals.  Software – sets of instructions that tells computer to handle data.  Telecommunications – hardware and software, fast transmission.  People – info systems professionals & users, analyze organizational info.  Procedures – rules for secure operations.  Business Process – how work is organized, producing valuable product. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS): Deals with behavioral issues, technical issues surrounding development. IT INNOVATION – stream of IT innovation transforms traditional business world. NEW BUSINESS MODELS – emergence of online video streaming services. INFORMATION SYSTEM AND STRATEGY: Strategy – determination of basic longterm goals.