Minerals and Vitamins.docx

Mineral Source Use Deficiency Disease Calcium (Ca) Dairy products e.g., cheese, milk; hard water; fish Bones, teeth. Calcium pectate in middle lamella -holds cell walls together Osteoporosis – weakening of bones. Magnesium (Mg) Wholegrain cereal, green vegs, cheese, soil water Bones &...

Mineral Source Use Deficiency Disease Calcium (Ca) Dairy products e.g., cheese, milk; hard water; fish Bones, teeth. Calcium pectate in middle lamella -holds cell walls together Osteoporosis – weakening of bones. Magnesium (Mg) Wholegrain cereal, green vegs, cheese, soil water Bones & teeth. Enzyme co-factor. Nerve/muscle action. Makes ATP. Makes chlorophyll in plants. Weak bones General weakness. Poor growth Iron (Fe) Liver, meat, spinach, nuts, egg yolk, legumes Haemoglobin Anaemia Vitamin Source Function Deficiency Disease A Carrots, meats (especially beef liver and animal fats) Formation of the visual pigment rhodopsin Night Blindness B (Complex) Bacteria in large intestine, legumes, wholegrains, brewer’s yeast Energy production, development of foetal nervous system Beriberi (swollen stomach), Pellagra (photosensitivity) C Citrus fruits, green vegetables, red peppers Formation of skin and blood vessels Scurvy (bleeding gums and hair loss) D Dairy products, formed by the skin when exposed to sunlight Absorption of Calcium in gut Rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults E Vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds Antioxidant Haemolytic anaemia K Bacteria in large intestine and green vegetables Synthesis of clotting proteins Bleeding and easy bruising