Media and Information Literacy PDF

○ Channel through which the message is sent. Media and Information Receiver Literacy | 12 STEM | 1st Q | 1st sem ○ Audience who interprets the...

○ Channel through which the message is sent. Media and Information Receiver Literacy | 12 STEM | 1st Q | 1st sem ○ Audience who interprets the message. Models of Communication INTRODUCTION TO MEDIA Reception Model ○ Focuses on the receiver's interpretation of the Media message. Media refers to communication ○ Osgood- Schramm Model channels through which ○ 1954 information is disseminated to the ○ Encoder, Interpreter, public. Decoder, Message Channels include : Transmission Model ○ Radio ○ Emphasizes the sender and ○ Television the message's transmission ○ Newspapers ○ Laswell’s Communication ○ Magazines Model Difference Between Media and Mass ○ 1948 Media ○ Who, says what, in which Media channel, to whom, with ○ General communication what effect channels that reach or influence people Problems in Communication Mass Media - Communication can face several ○ Targets larger audiences issues, such as : and aims to reach the Confusing Message Framing masses ○ Sender's message may be ○ radio, newspapers, internet, unclear billboards, books, ○ Wrong framing of the magazines, movies, message : confusing television, and advertising Inappropriate Medium ○ Choosing the wrong The Communication Process channel Understanding the communication Interference process is crucial ○ External noise disrupting It typically includes: the message Overload Sender ○ Too many messages at ○ Initiates the message once Message Receiver's Misinterpretation ○ Information being ○ Receiver may not communicated. understand or interpret the Medium message correctly. Feedback Mechanisms ○ Misinformation: Spread Feedback is the response received incorrect information. from the receiver after the message ○ Encouragement of Excessive has been interpreted Consumption: Drive It helps in : consumerism. ○ Understanding the ○ Information Overload: effectiveness of the Bombard with too much message. information. ○ Making necessary adjustments for clarity. MEDIA LITERACY Senders, Messages, and Receivers Senders Media literacy is the ability to ○ Economic Entities : critically understand media Corporates and businesses. content. ○ Governmental Frameworks: Key skills include: Legal and regulatory bodies. ○ Understanding the power of ○ Professionals: Journalists, media messages. marketers, etc. ○ Distinguishing emotional Messages from reasoned reactions ○ Target audiences ○ Heightened expectations of ○ Being open to interpretation media content. ○ Aligning with political, ○ Recognizing genre cultural, and legal conventions. constraints ○ Thinking critically about Receivers media messages. ○ Commodities sold to ○ Understanding the internal advertising agencies language of various media ○ demographic characteristics ○ Are active consumers who Characteristics of a Media Literate interpret messages based Person on their pre-existing values, Silverblatt ( 1995 ) attitudes, and experiences ○ Is well-informed about media issues Purposes and Criticisms of Mass Media ○ Aware of the media's Purposes influence on lifestyles, ○ To Inform: Provide attitudes, and values. information. ○ Interprets media messages ○ To Persuade: Influence effectively. opinions. ○ Sensitive to media content ○ To Entertain: Provide trends enjoyment. ○ Knowledgeable about Criticisms ownership, financial, and ○ Promote Shallow Values: regulatory issues Encourage superficial ○ Consider the media's role in behaviors. decision-making  ○ By enhancing media 2. Interactive Play Media literacy, individuals can a. Examples: Video, better navigate the complex computer-based games, media landscape, virtual reality devices ○ Making informed decisions 3. Information Search Media and interpretations. a. Examples: Smartphones, tablets, personal video recorder, CD-ROM compact THE EVOLUTION OF MEDIA : disc, DVD, internet, World TRADITIONAL TO NEW MEDIA Wide Web 4. Collective Participatory Media a. Use of internet for sharing Marshall McLuhan ( 2007 ) and exchanging information Concept: ○ "The medium is the Hot and Cold Media message" Hot Media: Society adapts to advances in ○ Forms requiring little technology movement from the Impact: Changing cultural, political, audience and historical aspects of society ○ Examples: Film and Significance television ○ Significantly affects our way Cool Media: of life ○ High-level user interactivity ○ Experience is more dynamic Traditional Media ○ Audience is more involved Definition: Forms in the earlier periods of McLuhan's media map Characteristics 4 Main Periods in the History of ○ One-directional Communication ( TLPE ) ○ Limited media experience ○ Requires sense of sight, Tribal Age: sense of hearing Dominant sense: Hearing Literacy Age: New Media Dominant sense: Sight Definition: Increasing convergence Print Age: of technology and digitalization Mass-producing texts What Is "New" about New Media: Liberty to read 4 Main Categories: IIIC Electronic Age: Concept of "global village" 1. Interpersonal Communication Interconnected society Media a. Examples: Telephone, Conclusion mobile phone, email Understanding the evolution from b. Characteristics: Content is traditional to new media helps appreciate private and perishable, the established relationship cultural, political, and historical impact of newborn, help ashes technological advances on society the healing process MEDIA INFORMATIONS AND SOURCES 2. Traditional Agriculture a. Philippine is known as an agricultural country Superstitious beliefs are part of the i. Massive production filipino culture of different We have 110 indigenous groups agricultural products Tracking their individual origins like r: might be a complicated process 1. Rice Indigenous information might 2. Corn potentially justify it 3. Sweet potato UNESCO ( United Nations on ii. They practice their Educational, Scientific and Cultural traditional practices Organization ) 1. Selecting ○ Indigenous knowledge seeds includes local knowledge 2. Sowing shared within a society and 3. Harvesting culture 4. Preserving Indigenous knowledge is crucial in 3. Traditional cultural expressions sustaining the condition of different a. Ways of indigenous people societies and cultures in practicing different activities that reflect their Jeannette Cansing Serrano traditions Former chairperson of the national i. Music and dances commission on indigenous peoples 1. Different ethnic groups are mainly 1. Traditional Medicines and used for fear, Healthcare harvest, a. Practices related to festivities, and medicine other i. Dawak ( Ethnic religious and Group Tingguian ) - social for a couple to bear ceremonies children 2. Instruments ii. ud- udong ( Ethnic like : gongs, Group Tingguian ) - kudyapi ( to free a sick person stringed from spirits that instrument ) inhabits their body ii. Literature iii. Dumagat group - 1. Riddles, putting ashes on the proverbs, umbilical cord of a chants / songs, poetry  2.Reflect their ○ While also adapting to customs, technological beliefs, and advancements traditions 4. Facilitators of other activities iii. Weaving ○ Activities that may help 1. Most visual learning processes of people representatio ○ Can offer books, magazines, n of cultures newspapers, journals, maps, and traditions and digital sources 2. Textile mat, basket, rattan, furniture, architecture, CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS wood sculpture 1. Dewey Decimal System 4. Related Genetic Resources a. Designed for small library a. Natural resources collections i. PH can offer different 2. Library of Congress System variations of each a. Designed for large agricultural products collections ii. Medical herbs 1. Grown and cultivated by Internet Sources the primitive The growth of the internet indigenous people Rise of Search Engines 1. Google 2. Bing LIBRARY SOURCES 3. Yahoo Evaluating Internet Sources Roles of Library 1. Authority 1. Facilitators of information 2. Coverage ○ Passive establishments to 3. Objectivity obtain informations 4. Accuracy 2. Custodians of National and cultural riches Other sources of information ○ Storing archival files of the past Primary Sources ○ National and cultural 1. Artifacts information are safely kept 2. Audio recordings 3. Innovators of information-seeking 3. Diaries practices 4. Internet ○ Hybrids-maintaining the 5. Interviews traditional kind of library 6. Letters 7. Photographs  8. Speeches a. Informare : “to give form, 9. Video Recordings shape, or character to 10. Works of Art something” b. Provides knowledge for Secondary Sources people to consume 1. Biography 2. Commentaries, criticism B. Evaluating Quality and credibility 3. Histories c. Accuracy: Correctness of Tertiary Sources information. 4. Almanacs d. Relevance: Does the media 5. Dictionaries / encyclopedias serve its purpose? 6. Directories e. Bias: Perspective of the 7. Fact books author or creator. 8. Guide books 9. Manuals Importance of Information Provides richness to reality Introduction to Information Literacy and (Borgman, 1999). Its Importance Acts as a “universal language” for people to 1. Information Literacy share and understand. Ability to define information needs, locate, assess, access, C. Decoding of Information organize, and communicate Semiotic Theory (Ronald Barthes): information effectively How people decode and interpret Important to enable signs beyond the literal informed decision-making, academic success, and D. The Role of Media in Shaping effective participation in the Information society A. Media Messages and Their Impact 2. Indicators of information literacy Media plays a crucial role in shaping public Recognizing : When is info perception and information dissemination. needed? Locating, evaluating, using : B. Critical Analysis of Media Messages of info Five Questions to Ask Yourself When Understanding : economic, Analyzing Media: legal, social issues a. Who created this message and surrounding the use of what is the purpose? information b. What techniques does it use to attract and hold attention? Understanding the Nature of c. What lifestyles, values, and points Information of view does the media depict? d. How might different people A. Information interpret or react to this message? e. What is omitted or left out? E. Access to Information i. Prewriting Theory of Uses and Gratifications ii. Outlining (Elihu Katz): iii. Mapping Media consumers have the right to iv. Using tables choose based on their interests and purposes. Media Codes F. The Ethical Use of Information Technical Codes A. Intellectual Property and Plagiarism ○ How an equipment is used Plagiarism: Stealing and passing off to tell a story another’s production without ○ Camera angles, lightning, crediting the source. sound ( low shot angle to Reasons why people copy. create a sense of power ) Symbolic Codes B. Security and Privacy ○ Deeper meaning in what is Importance of being cautious and seen protecting personal information ○ Color objects, body from hackers. language ○ Red ( passion or anger ) C. Accuracy Written codes Being ethical involves maintaining ○ Use of language the correctness of every detail. ○ Headlines, caption, Example: PAGASA on its forecast. speeches ( headline fonts to build the tone ) G. Practical Tips and Strategies for Managing the Amount of CONVENTIONS Information Consumed Generally accepted ways of doing something in media a. Tips for Managing Information Specific on genres and expected by Overload the audience i. Do a brain dump Important to guide the audience ii. Follow the two-minute rule expectations iii. Clump together similar ○ Genre-Specific conventions tasks Recurring themes or iv. Avoid excessive multitasking techniques within a v. Limit distractions form email particular genre vi. Make important decision Horror film early in the day uses dark vii. “Eat the frog” first thing in lightning & the morning sudden jump viii. Spend time on tasks based scares on their worth ○ Form-Specific Conventions ix. Take break and allow Specific conventions yourself to daydream of structure & style b. Additional techniques  News : formal reporters, anchors Introduction to Media Messages Media messages are the content and ideas conveyed through media messages ○ Implicit or explicit Purpose : message aims to inform, persuade, or express an opinion Type of Media Messages 1. Informational messages a. Objective and factual b. Focus on delivering the knowledge c. News reports, documentaries 2. Persuasive message a. Influence b. Designed to influence beliefs c. Political campaign, advertisements 3. Entertaining messages a. Entertainment b. Focus on amusement and relaxation c. Movies, video games Analyzing Media Messages Steps in media analysis Identify the purpose Analyze the target audience Examine the codes & conventions Considers the message’s potential impact on the audience Ethical Consideration in Media Messages ➔ Produces / ensure : AFB ◆ Accuracy ◆ Fairness ◆ Balance