Midyear Psych Study Guide PDF

1.​ Discuss one aim from Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test). To test if there is a negative correlation in a sample of normal adults between the R-ET and the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). 2.​ Discuss one hypothesis from Baron-Cohen et al. and identify it as directional, non-directional, or n...

1.​ Discuss one aim from Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test). To test if there is a negative correlation in a sample of normal adults between the R-ET and the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). 2.​ Discuss one hypothesis from Baron-Cohen et al. and identify it as directional, non-directional, or null. Ps with ASD will score significantly lower on the revised Eyes Test than the control group.Directional because it predicts a specific outcome—that participants (Ps) with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) will score lower on the revised Eyes Test compared to the control group. 3.​ Give two examples of psychometric tests utilized in Baron-Cohen et al Revised Eyes Test (R-ET) & Autism Quotient Test (AQ) 4.​ Baron-Cohen et al. used four groups of participants. Provide two characteristics for Group 1. 15 male adults with AS/HFA from the U.K. National Autistic Society magazine ad 5.​ Explain why Baron-Cohen et al. is from the cognitive approach of psychology. Baron-Cohen et al. is from the cognitive approach because it investigates Theory of Mind—a mental process involved in understanding others' thoughts and emotions. The study focuses on how individuals with ASD interpret social and emotional cues, highlighting internal cognitive processes. 6.​ Pozzulo et al. (line-ups) used two different designs for their study. Identify those two designs. Pozzulo et al. used independent measures design and repeated measures design in their study. 7.​ What were the two cartoon characters employed in Pozzulo et al.? Dora the explorer, go diego go 8.​ State one weakness of Pozzulo et al. How could it have been addressed?  Weakness: The study may lack ecological validity because the line-up procedures were conducted in an experimental setting, which does not fully replicate real-world situations. How to Address It: Increase ecological validity by simulating more realistic crime scenarios and line-up procedures, such as incorporating stress or time delays between the event and identification. 9.​ Suggest two real world applications based on the study by Hölzel et al. Your suggestions must be ethical Mental Health Treatment: Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programs can be used in therapy to help individuals with anxiety, depression, or PTSD. By enhancing brain areas linked to emotional regulation, mindfulness can support mental well-being. Education and Workplace Programs: Schools and workplaces can incorporate mindfulness training to improve focus, memory, and stress management. This application is ethical and supports overall cognitive and emotional health. 10.​Pozzulo et al. had different procedures for adult and child participants, a. Discuss two differences in the procedures for these two groups. Adults received detailed instructions, while children had simplified ones. Children saw the target for a longer time than adults. b. Describe two characteristics of the lineups presented to the participants. Lineups were presented simultaneously. Both target-present and target-absent lineups were used. 11.​ From the study by Hölzel et al. (mindfulness and brain scans): a. State which psychological approach this study is from. Describe the psychology being investigated in this study. ​ The study is from the biological approach in psychology. ​ The psychology investigated focuses on neuroplasticity, specifically how mindfulness-based stress reduction affects brain structure. The researchers examined changes in gray matter density in areas of the brain associated with learning, memory, emotional regulation, and self-referential processing after an 8-week mindfulness program. b.Discuss one conclusion from Hölzel et al. Hölzel et al. concluded that mindfulness practice leads to structural changes in the brain. For example, they found increased gray matter density in the hippocampus and the posterior cingulate cortex. This suggests that mindfulness can have tangible, positive effects on brain function and structure.