Midterm Review PDF

Vocab Unit 1 1. Assuage a. The expression of approval or favorable opinion, praise; official approval b. S&A i. Sanction ii. Disapproval, condemnation, censure 2. Coalition a. A combination, union, or merger for some specific purpose i. Alliance, league, federation, combine ii. Splinter group 3. Elicit a. To draw forth, bring out from some source i. Evoke, extract, educe ii. Repress, quash, squelch, stifle 4. Hackneyed a. Used so often as to lack freshness or quality i. Banal, trite, corny, commonplace ii. new, fresh, novel, original 5. Innuendo a. A hint, indirect suggestion, or reference(in a derogatory way) i. Insinuation, intimidation ii. Direct statement 6. Intercede a. To plead on the behalf of someone else, to serve as a third party or a go between in a disagreement i. Intervene, mediate 7. Jaded a. Wearied, worn out, dulled(in the sense of being satiated by excessive indulgence) i. Sated, surfeited, cloyed ii. Unspoiled, uncloyed 8. Petulant a. Peevish, annoying by trifles, easily irritated and upset i. Irritable, testy, waspish ii. Amiable, placid 9. Transcend a. To rise above or beyond, exceed i. Surpass, outstrip 10.Unctuous a. Excessively smooth or smug i. Mealymouthed, fawning, greasy ii. Gruff, blunt 11.Ameliorate a. To improve, make better, correct a flaw or a shortcoming i. Amend, better ii. Worsen, aggravate, exacerbate 12.Aplomb a. Poise, assurance, great self confidence i. Composure, self-possession, level headedness ii. Confusion, embarrassment, abashment 13.Bombastic a. Pompous or overblown in language; full of high sounding words. Intended to conceal a lack of ideas i. Inflated, highfalutin, pretentious ii. Unadorned, simple, plain, austere 14.Callow a. Without experience; immature, not fully developed, lacking sophistication and poise; without feathers i. Green, raw, unfledged, inexperienced ii. Mature, grown up, polished, sophisticated 15.Drivel a. Saliva or mucus flowing out the nose or mouth; foolish, aimless, talk or thinking i. Balderdash, tommyrot 16.Ingratiate a. To make oneself agreeable and thus gain favor or acceptance by others i. Cozy up to, curry favor with ii. Humiliate oneself 17.Interloper a. One who moves in where he or she is not wanted, or has no right to be, an intruder i. Trespasser, meddler, buttinsky 18.Intrinsic a. Belonging to someone or something by its very own nature, essential, inherent, originating in a bodily organ or part i. Immanent, organic ii. Extrinsic, external, outward 19.Lassitude a. Weariness of body or mind; lack of energy i. Fatigue, lethargy, torpor, languor ii. Energy, vitality, animation, liveliness 20.Surmise a. Likely idea that lacks proof i. Inference, presumption 21.Circuitous a. Roundabout, not direct i. Indirect, meandering, winding ii. Straight, direct, as the crow flies 22.Commiserate a. To sympathize with, have pity or sorrow for, share a feeling of distress i. Feel sorry for, empathize ii. Feel no sympathy for 23.Nominal a. Existing in name only, not real; too small to be considered or taken seriously i. Titular, inconsequential ii. Actual, exorbitant 24.Peculate a. To steal something that has been given into someone's trust; to take improperly for one’s use. i. Defraud, misappropriate 25.Proclivity a. A natural or habitual inclination or tendency i. Penchant, propensity ii. Inability, incapacity 26.Sangfroid a. Composure or coolness, especially in trying circumstances i. Poise, self assurance, equanimity ii. Excitability, hysteria, flappability 27.Seditious a. Resistant to lawful authority; having the purpose of overthrowing an established government i. Mutinous, rebellious, subversive ii. Supportive, faithful, allegiant 28.Tenuous a. Thin, slender, not dense; lacking clarity or sharpness; of slight importance; lacking a sound basis, poorly supported i. Flimsy, insubstantial, vague, hazy ii. Strong, solid, substantial, valid 29.Vitriolic a. Bitter, sarcastic; highly caustic or biting i. Withering, acerbic, mordant ii. Bland, saccharine, honeyed, sugary 30.Wheedle a. To use coaxing or flattery to gain some desired end i. Inveigle, soft-soap, sweet-talk ii. Coerce, browbeat, intimidate, strongarm 31.Aggrandize a. To increase in greatness, power, or wealth; to build up or intensify; to make appear greater i. Augment, amplify, enhance, exalt ii. Reduce, decrease, diminish 32.Amorphous a. Shapeless; without definite form; of no particular type of character; without organization, cohesion, or unity i. Formless, unstructured, inchoate ii. Definite, well-defined, clear-cut 33.Aura a. That which surrounds; a distinctive air or quality i. Ambience, atmosphere 34.Erudite a. Scholarly, learned, bookish, pedantic i. Profoundly educated, well read ii. Ignorant, uneducated, illiterate 35.Gossamer a. Thin, light, delicate, insubstantial i. Filmy, diaphanous, sheer, airy, feathery, gauzy ii. Dense, solid, massive 36.Insular a. Relating to, characteristic of, or situated on an island, narrow or isolated in outlook or experience i. Narrow-minded, parochial, provincial ii. Catholic, cosmopolitan, liberal 37.Propensity a. A natural inclination or prediction toward i. Natural bent, proclivity, penchant ii. Natural incapacity or inability 38.Resilient a. Able to return to an original shape or form; able to recover quickly i. Springy, elastic ii. Rigid, stiff, inflexible 39.Scurrilous a. Coarsely abusive, vulgar or low, foul mouthed i. Obscene, filthy, abusive, vituperative ii. Decorous, seemly, tasteful, dignified 40.Sedulous a. Persistent, showing industry and determination i. Assiduous, indefatigable ii. Indolent, listless 41.Autonomy a. Self-government, political control i. Home rule ii. Dependence, subjection 42.Equitable a. Fair, just, embodying principles of judgement i. Right, reasonable, evenhanded ii. Unjust, unfair, one-sided, disproportionate 43.Flout a. To mock, treat with contempt i. Sneer at, snicker at, scorn ii. Obey, honor 44.Salutary a. Beneficial, helpful; healthful, wholesome i. Salubrious, curative ii. Detrimental, deleterious 45.Scathing a. Bitterly severe, withering, causing great harm i. Searing, harsh, savage ii. Bland, mild 46.Sepulchral a. Funereal, typical of the tomb, extremely gloomy or dismal i. Lugubrious, mortuary 47.Soporific a. Tending to cause sleep, relating to sleepiness or lethargy i. stimulating 48.Transient a. Lasting only a short time, fleeting i. Impermanent, ephemeral, evanescent ii. Permanent, imperishable, immortal 49.Unwieldy a. Not easily carried, handled, or managed because of size and/or complexity i. Bulky, clumsy, impractical ii. Manageable, easy to handle 50.Vapid a. Dull, uninteresting, tiresome, lacking in sharpness, flavor, liveliness of force i. Lifeless, colorless ii. Zesty, spicy, colorful 51.Brusque a. Abrupt, blunt, with no formalities i. Tactless, ungracious ii. Tactful, diplomatic 52.Cajole a. To coax, persuade through flattery or artifice; to deceive with soothing thoughts or false promises i. Wheedle, inveigle ii. Coerce, force 53.Castigate a. To punish severely, to criticize severely i. Chastise, censure ii. Honor, praise, land 54.Contrive a. To plan with ingenuity; to bring about in a plan i. Think up, concoct, fabricate 55.Ennui a. Weariness and dissatisfaction from lack of occupation or interest; boredom i. Languor, world-weariness, listlessness ii. Enthusiasm, liveliness, excitement, intensity 56.Fetter a. A chain or shackle placed on the feet; anything that confines or restrains i. Bond, restraint 57.Immutable a. Not subject to change, constant i. Unchangeable, unalterable, fixed, invariable ii. Changeable, inconstant, variable, fickle 58.Insurgent a. One who revolts or rises against authority i. Revolutionary, rebellious, mutinous ii. Loyalist, loyal, faithful 59.Megalomania a. A delusion marked by a feeling of power, wealth, talent; far in excess of reality i. Delusions of grandeur ii. Modesty, self-abasement 60.Surreptitious a. Stealthy, secret, intended to escape observation; made or accomplished by fraud i. Furtive, covert, clandestine, concealed ii. Open, frank, aboveboard, overt 61.Cadaverous a. Pale, gaunt, resembling a corpse i. Corpselike, wasted, haggard, emaciated, ghastly ii. Robust, portly, rosy, the picture of health 62.Concoct a. To prepare by combining ingredients, make up; to devise, invent, fabricate i. Create, fashion, rustle up 63.Desecrate a. To commit sacrilege on, treat irreverently; to contaminate, pollute i. Profane, defile, violate ii. Revere, venerate, consecrate 64.Disconcert a. To confuse, to disturb the composure of i. upset , rattle, ruffle, faze ii. Relax, calm, put at ease 65.Grandiose a. Grand in an impressive or stately way; naked by pompous affection or grandeur, absurdly exaggerated i. Majestic, bombastic, highfalutin ii. Simple, modest, humble 66.Pillage a. To rob of goods by open force, plunder i. Ravage, sack, loot 67.Punctilious a. Very careful and exact; attentive to fine points of etiquette i. Precise, scrupulous ii. Careless, perfunctory 68.Redoubtable a. Inspiring fear or awe; illustrious, eminent i. Formidable, august ii. Laughable, risible 69.Restitution a. The act of restoring someone or something to the rightful owner or former state or position; making good on a loss or damage i. Reimbursement, redress, restoration 70.Stalwart a. Strong and sturdy; brave; resolute i. Sturdy, stout, intrepid, valiant ii. Weak, infirm, irresolute, vacillating 71.Acrimonious a. Stinging, bitter in temper or tone i. Biting, rancorous, hostile, peevish ii. Gentle, warm, mild, cordial 72.Bovine a. Resembling a cow or ox; sluggish, unresponsive i. Stolid, dull, slow ii. Sharp, bright, keen, quick 73.Consternation a. Dismay, confusion i. Shock, amazement, bewilderment, dismay ii. Calm, composure, aplomb 74.Corpulent a. Having a large, bulky body i. Obese, stout, portly ii. Spare, gaunt, emaciated 75.Expurgate a. To remove objectionable passages or words from a written text; to cleanse, purify i. Purge, censor, bowdlerize 76.Gauntlet a. An armored protective glove; a challenge; two lines of men armed with weapons with which to beat a person forced to run between them; an ordeal i. Dare, provocation, trial, punishment 77.Hypothetical a. Based on an assumption or guess; used as a provisional or tentative idea to guide or direct investigation i. Assumed, supposed, conditional ii. Actual, real, tested, substantiated 78.Ignoble a. Mean, low, base i. Inferior, sordid, unworthy ii. Admirable, praiseworthy, lofty, noble 79.Odium a. Hatred, contempt; disgrace or infamy resulting from hateful conduct i. Abhorrence, opprobrium, shame, ignominy ii. Esteem, admiration, approbation 80.Subservient a. Subordinate in capacity or role; submissively obedient; serving to promote from some end i. Secondary, servile, obsequious, useful ii. Primary, principal, bossy, domineering 81.

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