Midterm Study Guide (PN1)

Study guide for the midterm Please study: Fondamental book, LOM book (Chapt, 1-29. LOM, chap 1-9). Questions and clarification: you know my cell phone and the group communication Remember worth 25% The symptoms of dumping syndrome can be reduced by consuming small frequent meals of mildly season...

Study guide for the midterm Please study: Fondamental book, LOM book (Chapt, 1-29. LOM, chap 1-9). Questions and clarification: you know my cell phone and the group communication Remember worth 25% The symptoms of dumping syndrome can be reduced by consuming small frequent meals of mildly seasoned food; extra fiber is not essential. Chronic pain can be continuous or intermittent and may not be indicative of tissue damage. To carry out their function, substances must enter the cell. Difference between intracellular and extracellular Fat is stored in the body as adipose tissue. Tinctures are made by placing the herb in alcohol or vinegar. A loss of 20% of body fluid in an adult is fatal. Environmental stimuli should be decreased when preparing the patient for sleep DRIs relating to carbohydrates indicate that 45% to 65% of an adult's total calorie intake should be in the form of carbohydrates and that added sugars should be limited to no more than 8% (approximately 40 g) of the total number of calories consumed daily. Normal saline, sterile water, lactated Ringer, acetic acid, or Dakin solution are all acceptable for use on wet-to-dry dressings. Hypernatremia is a greater-than-normal concentration of sodium, which leads to retained fluids and edema. Anxiolytic (antianxiety) medications interfere with REM sleep, which is when people achieve full rest. In reflexology it is thought that the entire body can be reached by applying pressure to specific areas on the feet. The use of the PCA gives quicker relief as there is no delay in waiting for the nurse to respond to the request for analgesia. Complementary therapies are used in addition to conventional therapies. Sodium attracts water and causes fluid retention. Hypervolemia increases the heart's workload, which can lead to a heart attack. Daily fluid intake and output is about 2200 to 2700 mL/day, and urinary output is about 1000 to 2000 mL/day. Relaxation is the state of general decreased cognitive, physiologic, and/or behavior arousal. Drainage greater than 300 mL in 24 hours is considered abnormal. If a patient has a rapid pulse, decreased blood pressure, decreased urinary output, and the dressing is dry, then the diagnosis is most likely an internal hemorrhage. Purulent drainage has the appearance of thick, yellow, green, tan, or brown drainage. Serous drainage has the appearance of clear, watery plasma. Sanguineous drainage is bright red and indicates active bleeding. Serosanguineous drainage is pale, red, and watery, and is a mixture of serous and sanguineous drainage. Serosanguineous drainage is pale, red, and watery, and is a mixture of serous and sanguineous drainage. Serous drainage has the appearance of clear, watery plasma. Purulent drainage has the appearance of thick, yellow, green, tan, or brown drainage. Sanguineous drainage is bright red and indicates active bleeding. Sanguineous drainage is bright red and indicates active bleeding. Serous drainage has the appearance of clear, watery plasma. Purulent drainage has the appearance of thick, yellow, green, tan, or brown drainage. Serosanguineous drainage is pale, red, and watery and is a mixture of serous and sanguineous drainage. Phosphorus should be increased during pregnancy and lactation. A TENS unit may interfere with the function of the pacemaker. A clean wound is an uninfected surgical wound with less than a 5% chance of becoming infected postoperatively. Alternative therapies may become the primary treatment modality; for instance, the patient switching from traditional (allopathic) medicine to chiropractic (alternative). Acupuncture therapy uses needles placed in acupoints to open meridians to release qi (life force). Endorphins found in the pituitary gland and other areas of the central nervous system create the same effect as morphine, producing an analgesic effect. Dietary inadequacies in adolescence include iron and calcium. Constipation is the most common opioid narcotic side effect for which patients do not develop a tolerance. Withholding pain medication from a postoperative client who reports pain is considered an act of nursing negligence The ileostomy is higher in the GI tract and drains semiliquid stool. The ileostomy is very similar in appearance to the colostomy, may not be permanent, and needs a pouch What premise is Maslow's hierarchy of needs based on? The usual sequence of assessment is inspection, palpation, auscultation, and lastly percussion. What is the product of 1/2 × 3/4? Passive transport occurs when the patient inhales oxygen into the lungs, with the oxygen passing by diffusion into the intravascular compartment. The liver is the main organ that inactivates and metabolizes drugs. The goal of herbal therapy is to restore balance. A variety of methods applied simultaneously have an additive effect on pain control. What is 3/8 divided by 1/4? A simple and accurate method of determining water balance is to weigh the patient under the same conditions each day. Lactose intolerance occurs as a result of a lack of lactase that makes it impossible to break down milk sugar The kidneys must excrete a minimum of 30 mL/h to eliminate waste products. Most patients do not function effectively if the pain level exceeds 4 on a scale of 10. Smoking reduces the amount of functional hemoglobin in blood, thus decreasing tissue oxygenation. Smoking may increase platelet aggregation and hypercoagulability. Smoking interferes with normal cellular mechanisms that promote release of oxygen to tissues. The pressure of a backrub will close the gate, according to the gate control theory of pain. Apricots and asparagus are potassium-rich. In reflexology it is thought that the entire body can be reached by applying pressure to specific areas on the feet. Objective data can be seen, heard, measured, or felt by the examiner. It is information that is observable and measurable and can be verified by more than one person. Anxiety is the only objective assessment finding. Eucalyptus oils can be used for inhalation or may be applied topically. While an indwelling urinary catheter is in place, the bladder loses tone and can retain urine after the removal of the catheter. Anorexia is a lack of appetite resulting in the inability to eat. This symptom can occur in many disease conditions. Bright red blood in the feces indicates active bleeding from the lower portion of the intestinal tract A clean wound is an uninfected surgical wound with less than a 5% chance of becoming infected postoperatively. Without an order to change the dressing, the drainage should be circled and dated. Should the dressing become saturated, the dressing can be reinforced but the exudate should still be circled. Drainage greater than 300 mL in 24 hours is considered abnormal. Relaxation is the state of general decreased cognitive, physiologic, and/or behavior arousal. A simple and accurate method of determining water balance is to weigh the patient under the same conditions each day Some alternative approaches to pain control require practice. Encouragement to try again is appropriate. Endorphins found in the pituitary gland and other areas of the central nervous system create the same effect as morphine, producing an analgesic effect Dietary inadequacies in adolescence include iron and calcium. If a patient has a rapid pulse, decreased blood pressure, decreased urinary output, and the dressing is dry, then the diagnosis is most likely an internal hemorrhage. Complementary therapies are used in addition to conventional therapies. When a patient threatens to leave AMA, the physician should be notified immediately. If the physician fails to convince the patient to remain in the facility, the physician will ask the patient to sign an AMA form releasing the facility from legal responsibility for any medical problems the patient may experience after discharge. If the physician is not available, the nurse should discuss the discharge form with the patient and obtain the patient's signature. If the patient refuses to sign the AMA form, the patient should not be detained. This violates the patient's legal rights. After the patient leaves, the nurse should document the incident thoroughly in the nurse's notes and notify the physician. A rational adult patient who will not sign the AMA form cannot be forcibly detained. Bacteria can be spread by direct, indirect, or airborne transmission. Perceived losses are easily overlooked Part of the vulva: Chronic pain can be continuous or intermittent and may not be indicative of tissue damage. Often a patient will require services of various disciplines within the hospital. Social services can assist with meeting medical financial obligations. sexually transmitted disease (STD)? measurement should the nurse take Before inserting a nasogastric tube Incision of the perineum during childbirth: A 5-year-old who has an imaginary friend with whom he converses frequently is displaying characteristics consistent with which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development? Piaget's preoperational stage describes the preschooler as imaginative and egocentric, believing in magical thinking. The formal operational stage is the cognitive developmental level of adolescence. Erikson identifies intimacy as a developmental task of adulthood. What will occur if intimacy is not established? Intimacy versus isolation is a developmental task of adulthood. What is the family pattern in which the male usually assumes the dominant role and functions in the work role, controls the finances, and makes most of the decisions? In the patriarchal family pattern, the male usually assumes the dominant role. The male member functions in the work role, is responsible for control of finances, and makes most decisions What is the stage of family development that begins when the couple acknowledges that they are considering marriage? The engagement/commitment stage begins when the couple acknowledges to themselves and others that they are considering marriage. At this time, opposition or support will be evident from friends and parents. Wedding plans must be arranged. Housing, work, and furnishings are some of the items discussed and explored. Based on the definitions of gravida and para, what documentation best describes a woman in the clinic who is currently pregnant and has had two prior children? Please Convert the following 0.07 g = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ mg