Midterm Grammar (INTR) (R&W) PDF

Grammar (R&W) BOOK2 Unit 1 Present Continuous (V2B + Verb-ing) Remember Chang...

Grammar (R&W) BOOK2 Unit 1 Present Continuous (V2B + Verb-ing) Remember Change: I am changing my shift. (if the verb ends Delete: She is deleting her old phone number. with -e, delete it and add -ing) Pay attention to Companies are using …. subject – V2B Young people are following …. agreement The company is improving … This month, our store is not advertising on the radio, so we are losing …. Activities in progress My father is talking on the phone. He is finding out the arrival time. (not finished yet) We are learning about how ideas spread. With time periods Today, I am going to the supermarket. around present These days, more guests are using their towels in hotels. This week, we are having our graduation ceremony. When you talk about (Examples: changing, TV ads are becoming like short videos. change becoming, growing, The Internet is changing the way companies (NO clear progress / increasing) advertise. but a changed occurred) Not academic to use Know/ hear/ I want to go with you, but I am studying right now. -ing with understand / want / need / like / love / (The progress can be believe / see shown by adding a second part in the sentence to express continuation)  ARirmative V2B (be/am/is/are) + verb-ing She is buying a book now. V2B (be/am/is/are) + not + verb-ing Negative She is not buying a book now. He is not using his car to go to work this week. Unit 3 (Subject-Verb agreement) Sentences are arranged as follow: Subject + Verb (V2B / action / both) + Object (optional) The boy talks to his friend. The men are standing outside. Most children hate healthy food. My mother and I are cooking lunch. Jogging in the is my favourite hobby. morning The five little are jumping on the bed. monkey The two girls outside are playing. _ the building However, when we have (there is / there are) à the subject is moved after the verb Remember some plural nouns do not end with -s Example: Children / men / women / people / police / mouse (from mice ) …..etc Unit 4 (Using model verbs to show your opinion) AFTER MODEL VERBS à The base form of the verb Should Should not Professional athletes should use the latest sports technology Ought to Coaches ought to follow the rules We should not break the rules. Ought not to (RARELY USED) A very strong OUicials must keep a close eye on athletes’ equipment. statement about We must not let sports be unfair in our schools. your opinion Must Must not There + V2B (is / are) + Subject + Object (optional) There is my mother in the room. There are two girls outside. There is a lot of on the internet about information manners. There are many books inside  Unit 6 (Infinitives {to+ verb in the base form} of purposes) We can show purposes in two ways: 1- (Less formal): to + verb in the base form A complete sentence + [(to + verb in the base form) + continue the purpose ] 2- (More formal): in order to + verb in the base form A complete sentence + [(in order to + verb in the base form) + continue the purpose /if needed/ ] è AUirmative (+): She asks questions in order to get good information. è Negative (-): She asks question in order not to make a mistake. 3- (Comma): Infinitives of purposes + , + Main verb / a complete sentence *** when the infinitives of purposes are in the second part, you remove the comma  Ex: To increase your brain power, get enough sleep. Get enough sleep to increase your brain power. Wrong to write: To relax. (incomplete sentence) In order to get more information. (incomplete sentence) Unit 7 (Simple Past & Past Continuous) Simple Describes completed actions in the past (single / a series of Past completed actions in the past A single completed action in the past: I bought the new novel yesterday. A series of completed action in the past: Mona drove home, unloaded her car, and made a cup of coCee. Describes a habitual or repeated action in the past Last summer, I went to the park every weekend. I sent Laila three emails, but she never replied. Past Continuous Past V2B (was/were) + Verb-ing Emphasizes duration of an action in the past I was talking on the phone for hours last night. My brother was acting strangely yesterday. Together à Simple Past + Past Continuous When two events happened in the past + one interrupted by the other The interrupted event The event that interrupted the 1st event While / when + Past Continuous Simple Past If you begin the sentence with (the interrupted event à While/when) put a comma after the first part / if the opposite (no comma) Ex: Sultan left the room while his friend was still talking. While his friend was still talking , Sultan left the room. When I was studying in South Korea, I met many interesting people. I met many interesting people when I was studying in South Korea.