ETX20 Midterm 1 Study Guide Winter 2025 PDF

**ETX20: Midterm 1 Study Guide** **Winter 2025** Midterm 1 will include all materials covered so far. This study guide is not a comprehensive list. Topics and case studies presented in class that are not on the slides may appear on the midterm (case studies that don\'t slides will be tested on)....

**ETX20: Midterm 1 Study Guide** **Winter 2025** Midterm 1 will include all materials covered so far. This study guide is not a comprehensive list. Topics and case studies presented in class that are not on the slides may appear on the midterm (case studies that don\'t slides will be tested on). ***[Lecture 1 Overview]*** 1. Define a. Forensic Science b. Criminalistics 2. The Penny Parker case a. What forensic technique was used? b. How was this case solved? 3. Compare Civil vs. Criminal court 4. What qualifies an individual as an Expert Witness? ***[Lecture 2 Careers]*** 1. What are the duties of a Criminalist that specializes in a. DNA b. Toxicology c. Alcohol d. Trace e. Firearms 2. What are the educational requirements to work in a crime lab? f. Is it the same for a DNA analyst? 3. What issues are crime labs facing? 4. What is the CSI effect? ***[Lecture 3 How to Solve Crime]*** 1. What is Forensic Science? Definition 2. What is Criminalistics? 3. What is the key to Forensic Science? 4. Locard Exchange principle? 5. What is the "Forensic Diamond"? 6. What types of evidences can be used to make a [forensic association]? a. How can they be associated and examined? b. Review different types of evidence ***[Lecture 4 Death and Crime Scene Investigation]*** 1. Difference between manner and cause of death? 2. What is rigor, livor, and algor mortis? How are these markers significant in death investigation? 3. Most accurate time of death? 4. What is the order of shut down after death? 5. Where does decomposition start? 6. Why is stomach content important? 7. What is vitreous potassium? 8. Autolysis vs. Putrefaction 9. Other markers we can use to estimate time of death a. Environment b. Habitats/Daily Activities c. Microbiome ***[Yosemite Murder]*** 1. Remember the "Forensic Diamond" and apply it to this case a. What were the association between crime scenes, suspect, victim(s), evidence? b. Crime Scene i. Little Green Cabin ii. Lake Don Pedro iii. Hotel iv. Rental Car Forensic Diamond.png **[Lecture 5 Evidence]** 1. What is evidence? a. Who are the Trier-of-fact in court? b. What do they determine? c. How do they determine? 2. What are the types of evidence? 3. Difference between real vs. demonstrated evidence d. Give examples 4. What is Locard Exchange principle? 5. Basis of evidence e. What conditions affect Transfer? f. What is Persistence? 6. How do you classify evidence? Give [examples]! g. Identity h. Class i. Individualization 7. Distinguish between known and questioned evidence. 8. Why do we need a control? j. Positive Control k. Negative Control 9. Type 1 vs. Type 2 error. Examples? 10. Testability and Repeatability- what makes a method scientific **[Bloodstain Pattern Analysis]** 1. Importance of blood pattern analysis (BPA). 2. Why do we do BPA? 3. Main classes of bloodstains (be able to recognize types of stains). 4. Know the differences between different bloodstains. **Another study tool is the "Test Your Knowledge" at the end of some of the lecture slides** **Study the Practice questions/quizzes on Canvas. Read the feedback given.** **Utilize lecture slides, notes taken during lecture and lecture podcasts to study** **The book can be used to help clarify information!** **[Good Luck Studying!]**